KINETIC AND POTENTIAL ENERGY WORKSHEET, Exercises of Physics

Download KINETIC AND POTENTIAL ENERGY WORKSHEET and more Exercises Physics in PDF only on Docsity! KINETIC AND POTENTIAL ENERGY WORKSHEET Name:______KEY__________________ Determine whether the objects in the following problems have kinetic or potential energy. Then choose the correct formula to use: KE = 1/2 m v2 OR PE = mgh = Fwh 1. You serve a volleyball with a mass of 2.1 kg. The ball leaves your hand with a speed of 30 m/s. The ball has _kinetic____ energy. Calculate it. KE= ½ m v2 = ½ (2.1 kg)(30 m/s)2 = 945 Joules 2. A baby carriage is sitting at the top of a hill that is 21 m high. The carriage with the baby weighs 12 N. The carriage has ___potential_________ energy. Calculate it. PE = Fwh = (12N) (21 m) = 252 Joules 3. A car is traveling with a velocity of 40 m/s and has a mass of 1120 kg. The car has __kinetic_______energy. Calculate it. KE= ½ m v2 = ½ (1120 Kg) (40 m/s)2 = 896000 Joules 4. A cinder block is sitting on a platform 20 m high. It weighs 79 N. The block has ___potential _____ energy. Calculate it. PE= Fwh = (20m) (79 N) = 1580 Joules 5. There is a bell at the top of a tower that is 45 m high. The bell weighs 190 N. The bell has __potential ______ energy. Calculate it. PE= Fwh = (45m) (190 N) = 8550 Joules 6. A roller coaster is at the top of a 72 m hill and weighs 966 N. The coaster (at this moment) has __potential_____ energy. Calculate it. PE= Fwh = (72 m) (966 N) = 69552 Joules 7. What is the kinetic energy of a 3-kilogram ball that is rolling at 2 meters per second? KE= ½ m v2 = ½ (3kg) (2 m/s)2 = 6 Joules 8. The potential energy of an apple is 6.00 joules. The apple is 3.00-meters high. What is the mass of the apple? PE= mgh 6 J= (3m) (9.8 m/s2) (__m) m= 0.20 Kg 9. Two objects were lifted by a machine. One object had a mass of 2 kilograms, and was lifted at a speed of 2 m/sec. The other had a mass of 4 kilograms and was lifted at a rate of 3 m/sec. a. Which object had more kinetic energy while it was being lifted? KE= ½ m v2 = ½ (2kg) (2 m/s)2 = 4 Joules OR = ½ (4 kg) (3 m/s)2 = 18 Joules this one had more KE b. Which object had more potential energy when it was lifted to a distance of 10 meters? Show your calculation. PE= mgh = (2kg) (9.8 m/s2) (10 m) = 196 Joules OR = (4kg) (9.8 m/s2) (10 m) = 392 Joules this one has more 10. You are on roller blades on top of a small hill. Your potential energy is equal to 1,000.0 joules. The last time you checked your mass was 60.0 kilograms. a. What is your weight in newtons? W= mg = (60 kg) (9.8 m/s2) = 588 N b. What is the height of the hill? PE= mgh 1000 J = 588N (h) h = 1.70m c. If you start skating down this hill, your potential energy will be converted to kinetic energy. At the bottom of the hill, your kinetic energy will be equal to your potential energy at the top. What will be your speed at the bottom of the hill? KE= ½ m v2 1000J = ½ (60 kg) (v)2 1000 J = 30 v2 v2 = 33.333 v= 5.77 m/s 11. Answer the following: a. What is the kinetic energy of a 1-kilogram ball is thrown into the air with an initial velocity of 30 m/sec? KE= ½ m v2 ½ (1 kg) (30 m/s)2 = 450 Joules b. How much potential energy does the ball have when it reaches the top of its ascent? 450 Joules , because ME= KE + PE, and Ke would be 0 at the top of the ascent c. How high into the air did the ball travel? **KE=PE PE = mgh 450 J = (1kg) (9,8 m/s2) (h) h= 45.9 m 12. What is the potential energy of a 3 kilogram-ball that is on the ground? PE = mgh = (3kg) (9.8 m/s2) (0 m) = 0 Joules 13. What is the kinetic energy of a 2,000-kilogram boat moving at 5 m/sec? KE= ½ m v2 = ½ (2000kg) (5 m/s)2 = 25000 Joules