Kingdom Animalia - Application of Biology - Lecture Slides, Slides of Biology

Download Kingdom Animalia - Application of Biology - Lecture Slides and more Slides Biology in PDF only on Docsity! Kingdom ANIMALIA Docsity.com Just what is an animal??? Eukaryotic (unlike Bacteria) Multicellular (unlike most Protists) Heterotrophic (unlike Plants) Cells lack cell walls (unlike Fungi) Docsity.com Phylum Porifera - sponges Characteristics: • means “pore bearer” • simplest animals • All aquatic Docsity.com Feeding: • filter feeding using protist-like chanocytes in pores Defense Mechanisms: • Spine-like spicules and toxins Locomotion: • Sessile (nonmoving) adults with free-swimming gametes Choanocyte Docsity.com Skeletal System: • Can be hard with spicules or soft with spongin Reproduction: • Reproduce both asexually (budding) and sexually Symmetry: Asymmetrical – no ends or sides Docsity.com Locomotion: • Polyps are sessile • Medusas use jet propulsion Skeletal System (body plan) • Two types of body plan, polyp and medusa Reproduction • Sexual and asexual (budding) reproduction Symmetry: • Radial symmetry Docsity.com PLATYHELMINTHES flatworms: flukes, turbellarians, tapeworms Characteristics •First group with organs •First cephalized group Docsity.com •Free living flatworms (Planaria, e.g.): carnivores with gastrovascular cavity (actively pursue prey with pharynx) •Parasitic flatworms (tapeworms, e.g.): absorb nutrients from host •Defense: detect stimuli with eyespots (sense light) •Locomotion: capable of movement with muscles and cilia Docsity.com LPR era See pr Ged (larva. Heat intecis human howl (Rp rcemeniceernsn Docsity.com Inia mediate hos need larva in ces-contaminated od Docsity.com Secondary host Phylum NEMATODA roundworms: hookworms, heartworms, and pinworms Characteristics: • Freeliving and parasitic Feeding Mechanisms: • First group to have a separate mouth and anus • Parasitic, predators, or herbivores Docsity.com 2) = a : [= ae a jem Phylum Mollusca Class Gastropoda (snails & slugs), Class Bivalvia (clams & scallops), Class Cephalopoda (squids & octopi) Docsity.com Feeding: • Gastropods use a radula to eat algae; Octopi use jaws; Clams, oysters, and scallops are filter-feeders Defense: • Some highly intelligent w/ eyes and tentacles Locomotion: • Cephalopods use jet propulsion Skeletal System: • Foot – flat part of snails or tentacles of cephalopods • Mantle – tissue • Shell – internal or external Reproduction: • Sexually – most release gametes wa Docsity.com Locomotion: • Two types of muscles that work together for movement • Setae on segments (hair-like bristles) Skeletal System (Body Plan): • Coelomate - true body cavity completely lined with mesoderm Docsity.com Reproduction: • Hermaphroditic or separate sexes • clitellum is used for fertilization Symmetry: • bilateral Docsity.com The ARTHROPODS •“joint-footed” •largest phylum-96% of all animals •73% of these are insects •aquatic and terrestrial Docsity.com CLASS INSECTA • Six legs Docsity.com CLASS ARACHNIDA: Spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites, daddy longlegs • 8 legs Docsity.com Phylum ECHINODERMATA sea stars, sand dollars, sea biscuits, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers Docsity.com Phylum CHORDATA (that’s us!) Docsity.com All Chordates have: •Dorsal nerve cord • Notochord (becomes backbone) • Post anal tail • Gill slits Most chordates are Vertebrates (have a backbone) Docsity.com Class Agnatha • Jawless fishes • Ectothermic - body temp dependent on temp of surrounding water • Often are external parasites of other fish • Examples: hagfish and lamprey Docsity.com Class Amphibia •Amphibia means “two lived”: live in water as juveniles and land as adults (gills turn in to lungs) • jelly-like eggs laid in water • first to have lungs •moist skin—gas exchange through skin and lungs •no teeth or claws • examples: frogs, toads, salamanders Docsity.com Class Reptilia •Scaly skin, teeth and claws • leathery eggs laid on land •Examples: turtles, alligators, lizards, snakes, and dinosaurs Docsity.com Class Aves • First to be endothermic-able to maintain constant body temperature regardless of surrounding temp. • beak and scaly skin on feet • First 4-chambered heart: allows for more efficient circulation Docsity.com 2. marsupials • immature young finish development in mother’s pouch called marsupium •Examples: kangaroo and opossum Docsity.com 3. Placental mammals • give birth to live, well-formed young • Nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and waste exchanged through placenta • Examples: cow, human, elephant, horse Docsity.com