LA Retail Florist Exam with Correct Verified Answers 2024 Latest, Exams of Agricultural policy

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LA Retail Florist Exam with correct verified answers 2024 latest.  first and foremost basic need of cut flowers - Correct answer water  second basic need of cut flowers - Correct answer food  factors affecting quality of cut flowers (7) - Correct answer 1. production 2. transpiration 3. floral food 4. temperature 5. humidity 6. ethylene 7. microbial activity  effect of harvesting flowers too soon/cutting flowers prior to harvest stage - Correct answer flowers will have difficulty opening and maturing properly and tight buds will never open  effect of harvesting flowers too late/cut past their prime harvest stage - Correct answer reduced vase life because flowers are too mature  natural loss of water in plants and flowers through stomata - Correct answer transpiration  energy source for the flower - Correct answer commercial floral food; sugar  temperature that would accommodate most flowers - Correct answer 36 - 40 degrees  recommended amount of humidity for most flowers stored in the refrigerator - Correct answer 90%  ways to minimize ethylene damage (6) - Correct answer 1. STS pre-treatment  2. ethylene block treatment  3. removal of damaged and unhealthy tissue  4. keep refrigerator clean from old flowers and foliage  5. do not store fruits, vegetables, or evergreens in the refrigerator  6. cooler temperatures of 40 degrees F and below  How does microbial activity reduce vase life of cut flowers? - Correct answer plugging the stem of flowers reducing the water intake capacity  ways to prevent and keep microbial activity damage to a minimum (2) - Correct answer 1. good sanitation: washing buckets after each use with bleach or bucket wash, washing refrigerator floor once per week, removing foliage from lower stem that would be underwater in the storage container  2. proper use of commercial floral food  3 main ingredients of commercial floral food - Correct answer 1. sugar  2. bio-inhibitor  3. acidifier  2 commonly used bio-inhibitors in commercial floral food - Correct answer 8- hydroxyquinoline citrate (HQC) and Physan  ideal pH of acidic water - Correct answer 3.5 - 5.0  Why use and invest in commercial floral food? (3) - Correct answer 1. commercial floral food is scientifically blended to the correct proportions of sugar, bio-inhibitor, and acidifier 2. commercial floral food is 40-80% more effective in extending vase life 3. commercial floral foods are much less expensive, especially when used on a large scale  Why use commercial floral food if turnover of flowers is rapid? - Correct answer keeping customers satisfied and providing an excellent product  procedure used prior to the normal usage of floral food - Correct answer pre- treatment  procedure used after the flowers are already processed in a floral food solution - Correct answer post-treatment  What is STS? - Correct answer silver thiosulfate  environmentally friendly treatment that prevents negative effects of ethylene gas that comes in a powdered form and released as a gas and can treat large quantities of flowers at one time - Correct answer MCP (1-methyleopropene); EthylBloc  lowers pH of water without creating a toxic environment for the flower - Correct answer citric acid  What does rapid hydration/water uptake using citric acid pre-treatment accomplish? (2) - Correct answer 1. flowers will be completely turgid (full of water) in the shortest time possible  texture that is enlarged and less likely to be perceived by touch - Correct answer pattern  visual response of the eye to various reflected wavelengths and pigments which gives the design energy and personality - Correct answer color  primary colors - Correct answer red, yellow, and blue  secondary colors - Correct answer orange, green, and violet  How are secondary colors made? - Correct answer mixing of any two primary colors  What colors make orange? - Correct answer yellow and red  What colors make green? - Correct answer blue and yellow  What colors make violet? - Correct answer red and blue  What colors make gray? - Correct answer white and black mixed or all 3 primary colors mixed (red, blue, yellow)  various usable or pleasing combination of colors (hues) - Correct answer color harmony  a particular color - Correct answer hue  pure hue, undiluted with white, black, or gray - Correct answer chroma  term used to designate the lightness or darkness of a hue - Correct answer value  any color to which white has been added - Correct answer tint/pastel  a color to which black has been added - Correct answer shade  a color grayed by its complement or the addition of gray - Correct answer tone  How is the value of colors changed? - Correct answer adding white lessens the color value making it lighter and adding black increases/strengthens the color value making it darker (heavier)  phenomenon in color harmony where the eye automatically notes the complement of a color just registered - Correct answer after-image  Positive meaning of the color Yellow - Correct answer cheerful and has the power to dispel gloom like sunshine  Negative meaning of the color Yellow - Correct answer cowardice or weakness  Positive meaning of the color Red - Correct answer stimulating, exciting color that has vitality and warmth  Negative meaning of the color Red - Correct answer anger, danger, or disgrace  Positive meaning of the color Blue - Correct answer a pleasing color that is quiet, cool, and retiring; has quality of dignity and formality  Negative meaning of the color Blue - Correct answer depression, melancholy, timidity, and fright  How is the color Orange positively used? - Correct answer warm with strong decorative value that is best put in shadowy places or deep within an arrangement  Negative meaning of the color Orange (3) - Correct answer -ghost-like connotation because it is established with black and used on Halloween  -associated with souls in purgatory  -caution and grief  Positive meaning of the color Green (2) - Correct answer -restful and used in the abatement of excitement (opposite red)  -color of safety and olive branch of peace  Negative meaning of the color Green - Correct answer non-ripe, nausea, envy, and poison  Positive meaning of the color Violet - Correct answer dark violets are solemn, dignified, and regal while lighter violets are feminine  Negative meaning of the color Violet - Correct answer melancholy and aged  color scheme composed entirely of one hue but its value can change up or down the scale (tints, shades, or tones) - Correct answer monochromatic  color scheme achieved through the use of 3 or more hues in sequence on the chart and attains harmony by having the colors related to each other by a common primary color parent; requires a visible transition from one hue to the other for the sequence to be apparent - Correct answer analogous  color scheme using opposite colors on the color wheel - Correct answer complementary  What colors are complements of each other? - Correct answer -red and green  -blue and orange  -yellow and violet  color scheme that uses the two colors to either side of the actual complement color (tertiary colors) - Correct answer split complementary  color scheme that is a combination of 3 hues equally spaced on the color chart (i.e. using the 3 primary colors, 3 secondary colors, or 3 tertiary colors together) - Correct answer triad  color scheme involving any four colors equally spaced on the color wheel - Correct answer tetrad  color harmony made up of many different hues - Correct answer polychromatic  color harmony made up of neutral colors and no colors from the color wheel are involved - Correct answer achromatic  What is color balance? - Correct answer use strong chroma-vivid or darker values in the focal area and weaker ones (pastels) on the outside  What is color proportion? - Correct answer the more dominant the color, the less it is used  What is the general color percentage of tints used to create interest, color rhythm, and variety in an arrangement? - Correct answer 50-75%  What is the general color percentage of chroma used to create interest, color rhythm, and variety in an arrangement? - Correct answer 10-15%  What is the general color percentage of shades used to create interest, color rhythm, and variety in an arrangement? - Correct answer 15-25%  primary principles of design (7) - Correct answer 1. proportion 2. balance 3. dominance 4. rhythm 5. harmony 6. unity 7. contrast  compares the relationship of the units of a composition to each other in size, quantity, and degree of emphasis within the composition; relationship of one part to another or one part to the whole design - Correct answer proportion  the special attention or importance given to one or more areas within a design - Correct answer emphasis  visual movement through a design, usually achieved through repetition or gradation - Correct answer rhythm  placement of materials at different levels within and around an arrangement, which imparts a three dimensional quality to a floral composition - Correct answer depth  the recurrence of like elements within a composition - Correct answer repetition  4 Basic Classifications of Stem Placement - Correct answer 1. radial 2. parallel 3. abstract 4. integrated  stem placement of materials arranged like rays coming from a common center - Correct answer radial  stem placement of two or more lines that have the same direction and with continuous equal space in between them - Correct answer parallel  non-realistic placement of stems with no relation to a growth point or a water source and is done solely to give form to direction or mood and create a new visual image in space - Correct answer abstract  placement of stems that is a combination of two or more of the basic stem placement classifications - Correct answer integrated  Where did the Ikebana design style first originate - Correct answer China  design style that is characterized by 3 segments that form an asymmetrical triangle: Shin (spiritual truth) that stands upright, She (harmonizer) that leans away from the upright, and Tai (material substance) that is leans lower on the opposite side or heaven, man, and earth - Correct answer Ikebana  variation of the Ikebana design style that expresses simplicity, naturalism, and informality - Correct answer Nageire  variation of the Ikebana design style where the 3 segments are placed in a low- type container, which permitted a greater abundance of flowers and foliage - Correct answer Moribana  naturalistic design style in which flowers and plant materials are placed the way they grow - Correct answer vegetative  design style with a definite geometric shape composed of line, mass, or line- mass concepts, with radial stem placements - Correct answer geometric  In geometric designs, how is the basic skeletal structure established? - Correct answer placement of the first 3 main lines/stems: first stem sets the height, second stem gives the width in one direction, and the third stem establishes the overall size or width in the opposite direction  What shape is the Hogarth curve? - Correct answer "S" curve  How is Hogarth curve design style made? - Correct answer -the upper segment of the circle is designed generally larger than the bottom portion to create better visual balance  -the upper curve has to to defy gravity so wire or other mechanics must be used  Height of arrangements for dinner tables - Correct answer 14 inches or less unless the dinner is very formal  What are the steps in creating a geometric design style? (3) - Correct answer 1. develop a mental picture of the shape of the piece to be made  2. establish the shape with the skeleton flowers  3. addition of secondary flowers and foliage within the established pattern  an asymmetrically balanced design of interesting materials, each of which is few in number and usually grouped, that emphasizes forms and lines usually using radial stem placement and generous use of space - Correct answer formalinear  What principles of design are successful formalinear designs built from? - Correct answer principles of contrast (opposition, variation, and tension) and then principles of harmony and unity follow  design concept in which the individual stems or groups of stems are placed in the same direction and are always the same distance apart from end to end - Correct answer parallel  style of creative design inspired by unconventional ideas, styles, and non- geometric patterns yet adhering to the elements and principles of design - Correct answer free-form  organization of design elements to suggest a given theme, idea, occasion, mood, or atmosphere - Correct answer interpretive  design style that implies a freedom of expression with a particular design goal in mind - Correct answer free-form interpretive  What are the two groups of free-form interpretive design styles? - Correct answer realistic and non-realistic  interpretive design style that follows the dictates of nature and tradition, though free of geometric pattern and its rules of organization - Correct answer realistic  interpretive design style that has unusual use of materials producing form that is striking and bizarre with no illusion to reality; approaching the abstract - Correct answer non-realistic  design style with non-realistic use of natural or man-made materials solely as elements of pure line, form, color, and texture in space to create new images and gives form to vision by expressing emotion through an intellectual process; take from materials removed from nature and use in unexpected form to emphasize a point - Correct answer abstract  Progressive steps of traditional designs in which abstract design has evolved (6) - Correct answer 1. classic  2. romantic  3. realistic  4. geometric  5. free-form interpretive  6. abstract  design described as establishing a standard of excellence, timeless, and work of enduring worth as influenced by ancient Greece or Rome - Correct answer classic  design described as visionary, strongly emotional, passionate, and and dominated by beauty - Correct answer romantic  design described as a faithful reproduction of nature, photographic, objective with one point perspective, and seeing the world as it is - everyday themes - Correct answer realistic  design described as reflecting perfect order and definite mathematical design and pattern - Correct answer geometric  design described as pure which evolves its own concept, independent of preconceived pattern, intrinsic value expressed in aesthetic beauty, and expressive with unlimited imagination - Correct answer free-form interpretive  4 major groups of flower types - Correct answer 1. line  2. mass  3. form  4. filler  -applying rubbing alcohol with a cotton swab  -commercial insecticides or insecticide soaps  materials used for pot trims (7) - Correct answer -polyfoil  -preformed plastic covers  -burlap  -cellophane  -straw hats  -fabric  -unique ceramic and plastic containers  How should the length of the polyfoil be determined? - Correct answer size of the plant and not the size of the pot  most important factor to remember when using wicker baskets as containers - Correct answer baskets must be lined to be waterproof to protect furniture from moisture  plant that can be used to waterproof basket containers - Correct answer moss  type of moss that is the most practical waterproof liner cover - Correct answer ground moss/sheet moss  type of moss that is more useful as a decorative camouflage to hide mechanics - Correct answer Spanish moss  Points to keep in mind when using moss as a waterproof liner (3) - Correct answer -shake excess debris and spray with floral sealer to prevent from shedding  -add green moss floral spray to keep color from fading  -do not allow moss edges to overlap container because it will act as a siphon and draw moisture from watered plant  When are dish gardens most successful? - Correct answer when they are built around one specific theme or idea  basic difference between designing a dish garden and designing a floral arrangement - Correct answer dish gardens will grow and change its characteristics and floral arrangements will not  type of dish garden that is usually made by grouping a collection of tropical plants that enjoy the same growing conditions - Correct answer traditional dish gardens  type of dish garden where usually one or more blooming plants are combined with foliage plants - Correct answer European-style dish garden  typical size of pots used in dish gardens - Correct answer 2 - 4 inch pots  Oriental culture of dwarfing plants and recreating nature in miniature - Correct answer Bonsai  General rules of caring for bonsai (4) - Correct answer -pot must not dry out causing the plant to wither from killing the roots  -fed periodically to keep healthy  -repotting at least every 2 years  -use good, loose potting soil mixture and sand  Classifications of bonsai according type of growth (2) - Correct answer 1. formal  2. informal  Classifications of bonsai according to style of growth (5) - Correct answer 1. formal upright  2. informal upright  3. slanting  4. semi-cascading  5. full-cascade  Classifications of bonsai according to size of growth (4) - Correct answer 1. Mame: not taller than 5 inches  2. Ko: 6 - 12 inches  3. Chiu: 12 - 20 inches  4. Dai: 2 feet or more in height  any object or substance that is used to hold stems securely in position within the container - Correct answer flower stem holder or "frog"  most common type of container mechanic - Correct answer floral foam/wet foam  Different uses of wire (9) - Correct answer 1. curve stem into position or line desired  2. strengthen crooked stem  3. strengthen weak stem and prevent drooping  4. group small stemmed flowers into mass effects  5. stabilize the arrangement  6. construct a composite flower  7. reduce weight in corsages and wedding bouquets by replacing stems  8. prevent flowers from showing wilt in arrangements made without water  9. add strength and rigidity to stems  How to wire mass-type flowers? - Correct answer insertion method by inserting the wire into the head only with the remaining portion of the wire brought down around the stem with a few turns  wiring method used for foliage and petals for corsage and wedding work - Correct answer hairpin method  living jewelry that accents a lady's charm - Correct answer corsages  deciding factors in the selection of flowers, ribbons, and design of the corsage (3) - Correct answer 1. occasion  2. costume  3. individual  important elements, principles, and concepts applying specifically to corsage designs (6) - Correct answer -security  -proportion  -compactness  -focal point  -balance  -weight  How is balance achieved with corsages? - Correct answer smaller flowers are placed on the edges and the larger flowers are placed toward the center of the design  How is weight important to corsages? - Correct answer must be light and airy since it may be worn on lacy, fragile materials  most popular place on the body to wear flowers - Correct answer shoulder  informal corsage design where flowers are grouped together so that they radiate from one point - Correct answer round designs  corsage design where the upper portion is longer and is curved backward over the shoulder in order to fit the contour and lie snugly in place and where the lower section of the corsage is below the center of gravity (focal point) which is the place where all the stems are taped together - Correct answer crescent designs  corsage design that departs from geometric shapes and the materials themselves dictate the design shape or style as defined in Free Form - Interpretative Design, realistic interpretation - Correct answer informal clusters  type of wire used in corsage work - Correct answer No. 28 or lighter weight wire  made by threading blossoms on dental floss, kite string, or fine wire using a needle to thread through the bottom of one blossom, out its face, and into the bottom of the next - Correct answer leis  bouquet design when the bridal gown is formal with a full skirt and train - Correct answer cascade bouquet  How is a cascade bouquet designed? - Correct answer combination of the center circular grouping (unit 1) and the lower garland (unit 2)  How is the cascade garland portion of a cascade bouquet designed? - Correct answer Stems are taped, not twisted together, to a taped No. 18 or 20 wire, which will serve as the backbone of the cascade.  act of pushing a wire or corsage pin crosswise through the flower stem once it is deep in the foam - Correct answer cross-pinning  bouquet design that is lovely for almost any type of girl and ideal for when bridesmaids in a bridal party are of various heights - Correct answer crescent bouquets  How is the crescent bouquet used when the bridal party is of various heights? - Correct answer bouquet is almost vertical in the hands of a short girl by adding line to appearance and is carried horizontally by taller girls with points of design pointing downward softening the line of height  How the crescent bouquet designed? - Correct answer center circular grouping and two curved garlands (same as a cascade bouquet with addition of unit 3)  bouquet design for the large, formal cathedral wedding - Correct answer triangular cascade bouquet  How is the triangular cascade bouquet assembled? - Correct answer consists of a center circular grouping and 3 garland sections (assembled like the crescent bouquet design adding unit 4 to the opposite side to form the triangle)  How are pages in a prayer book marked to be read in the wedding ceremony? - Correct answer streamers  Points to remember when designing baskets (3) - Correct answer -use approximately one-fourth of the material behind the handle of the basket to prevent arrangement from being front heavy and falling forward  -flower establishing height should be 6 inches or more above the handle  -focal point of design should be at the upper edge of the basket rim where all stems converge and not on the handle of the basket  3 Basic Methods for Designing Funeral Sprays - Correct answer 1. tied  2. picked  3. wet foam  Disadvantage of tied sprays - Correct answer requires a special display rack and most funeral homes do not have these display stands  Advantage of tied sprays - Correct answer quick and economical to make  Advantages of wet foam sprays - Correct answer provision of water and elimination of labor-intensive picks  sprays that are mounted on easels - Correct answer standing sprays  Points to remember about easels (2) - Correct answer -lifts design for better display  -be sure it is strong enough to support the size and weight of the spray  2 Sections of a Wreath - Correct answer 1. cluster which is the focal point  2. remaining portion of the circle  shape of the cluster on wreaths - Correct answer mound-shaped, not flat  What is the general size of easels? - Correct answer 3 times the size of the wreath; wreath will cover 1/3 to 1/2 of its stand  How should lettering be incorporated in sympathy designs? - Correct answer letters should be secured to a piece of ribbon with glue or staples and used as a streamer flowing out of the focal point where it would be attached with a pick or lettered ribbon can be stretched across the center and held in place with pins if the design permits  focal point of the latin cross - Correct answer place where the arms cross  focal point of pillow designs - Correct answer usually designed on the upper left side  six-pointed star consisting of two equilateral triangles, one pointing up and the other pointing down - Correct answer Star of David  five-pointed star with one point facing downward and never varying from this position - Correct answer Eastern Star  design made of a carpenter's square with ends of arms pointing upward and shape of a compass is placed on top of the square directed downward overlaying the arms of the square with a letter "G" centered in the design - Correct answer Masonic Emblem  emblem made of a Maltese cross on which a shield is superimposed - Correct answer Knights of Columbus  placed on the entrance of a home or business established of the deceased to signify that a death has occurred - Correct answer door spray  most prominent design floral arrangement at a funeral - Correct answer casket cover  How are casket covers generally designed? - Correct answer fashioned to soften lines of the casket  size of flowers in casket covers - Correct answer not be over 10 - 12 inches above the casket so they will easily fit into the funeral car  What is the size of a single casket spray? - Correct answer covers one-half or three-fourths of a casket  Where is the focal point of a single casket spray? - Correct answer either centered or placed to one end of the design toward the head of the casket  When the casket is opened, where should the single casket spray be placed? - Correct answer placed on the lower half with the focal point closer to the opening with flowers/foliage/accessories not extending down into the casket but do cover the edge of the opening  Where is the focal point of a double casket spray? - Correct answer center with flowers flowing out equally to either side  When the casket is opened, where is the double casket spray placed? - Correct answer the lower half placed on the casket and the other portion is placed on a stand at the head of the casket  foundations made of wire or hard plastic where all casket sprays are constructed, which are made with curved legs that have rubber pads to prevent from slipping or scratching the casket - Correct answer saddles  What generally makes up the base of casket sprays? - Correct answer flat fern or Chamaedorea used as the foundation green  Steps to make a traditional casket spray (3) - Correct answer 1. foliage and skeleton flowers placed first  2. mass flowers added to framework to give volume  3. filler flowers and secondary foliages added  How is a casket blanket constructed? (7) - Correct answer -cut a layer of burlap  -place layer of two inch mesh chicken wire over it  -add second layer of burlap