Sampling & Confidence Intervals for Proportions in Stats 104 Lab, Lab Reports of Statistics

Download Sampling & Confidence Intervals for Proportions in Stats 104 Lab and more Lab Reports Statistics in PDF only on Docsity! Statistics 104 – Laboratory 10 This lab first looks at the distribution of the sample proportion by sampling from a population of 250 statistics students. It then looks at using a sample proportion to make inferences about the population proportion. The characteristic we are interested in is the proportion of the population with blue eyes. p̂ 1. We can simulate the construction of the distribution of a sample statistic by taking many samples (called repeated sampling) from the population and looking at the distribution of the sample statistics obtained. Refer to the table titled “Eye Color for a Population of 250 Statistics Students.” This table contains a listing of the eye color for the population members. Rather than list the names of the population members, this table numbers them by rows numbered (00, 01, . . ., 09, 10, . . . , 24) and columns numbered (0,1,2,. . . , 9). For example, student 037 (Row 03 and Column 7) has green eyes. a) Use the random number table to select a simple random sample of 25 students from this population. Write the student numbers and eye colors on the answer sheet. Calculate the sample proportion of blue eyes. Note: You can make more efficient use of 3 digit random numbers doing the following. For numbers between 000 and 249 go directly to the table of heights. For numbers between 250 and 499 subtract 250 and then go to the table of heights. For numbers between 500 and 749 subtract 500 and then go to the table of heights. For numbers between 750 and 999 subtract 750 and then go to the table heights. b) Take three other random samples of size 25 from the population. This requires different random numbers than the ones used in a). You do not have to record the student numbers just simply keep track of the eye colors on the answer sheet and calculate the sample proportion of blue eyes for each sample. When you have finished getting your four random samples and associated sample proportions, go to the front of the room and write your sample proportions on the blackboard next to your group number. This population of statistics students has a population proportion . We are interested in the distribution of the sample proportion for random samples of size . 0.312=p 25=n c) Describe the shape of the theoretical distribution of the sample proportion, p̂ , for samples of size 25=n . d) What is the mean of the theoretical distribution of the sample proportion for samples of size 25=n ? e) What is the standard deviation of the theoretical distribution of the sample proportion for samples of size 25=n ? f) Draw a histogram for the sample proportions written on the blackboard. Does this histogram agree with your answers in c), d) and e)? Explain briefly. 1 2. For the next part of the lab you will use your sample proportions for your samples of size 25 to investigate the confidence interval for the population proportion, p . a) For each of your samples, construct an 80% confidence interval for the population proportion of blue-eyed students. b) How many of the four intervals contain the population proportion, 0.312= ? Put this number on the blackboard next to your group number. p c) When all groups have put this information on the blackboard compute the percentage of intervals for the entire lab that contain the population proportion 0.312= . Theoretically, what should this percentage be? p 3. For this final part of the lab, take your four samples and combine them into one to come up with a sample of size 100. Use this combined sample to test the hypothesis that the population proportion is 0.312 against the alternative that it is different from 0.312. Be sure to include all the steps for the test of hypothesis. 2