Laboratory Topics - General Physics Laboratory | PHYS 2216, Study notes of Physics

Download Laboratory Topics - General Physics Laboratory | PHYS 2216 and more Study notes Physics in PDF only on Docsity! Lab 13- Temperature and Heat Objective: is to understand the concept of specific heat and to measure the specific heat of water. -temperature measured with thermometer (thermo-hot, meter-measure), when the correspondence between the lengths of the column and standard temperature scales (F or C), thermometer is calibrated. Use electronic temperature probe in lab, set up probe to computer, temp probes heat pulsar and power source - thermal equilibrium 0oC, temp probe can only measure its own temp, probe comes in contact then wait to reach common temp, took longer to reach room temp then ice bath - heat is the energy that flows from high-temp obj. to low temp obj. - immersion heater 200 W, transferred heat to water and measured change water temp. - change in temperature is proportional to change in Q, and inverse proportional to m - ∆Q=c m ∆T Lab 14- Heat Transfer and Phase Transitions Objective: learn how to determine the specific heat of objects relative to that of water and use technique to measure specific heat of brass, learn the concepts of phase transitions and latent heat, and measure the latent heat of fusion and the latent heat of vaporization for water. - measure specific heat of brass by transferring heat to it from water, heat lost/gained by the water is determined from the change in the water temperature, must be equal to the heat gained/lost by the brass - phase transitions: solid, liquid, gas, during phase change kinetic energy of molecules doesn’t change - heat required to convert a unit mass of liquid (ice) into stem at 100oC (0oC) is latent heat of vaporization (fusion) - stirred to facilitate the heat transfer from the brass - used heater to find water’s latent heat of vaporization Lab 15- Forces between electric charges Objective: - electronic field hockey program - electricity- electron-amber-becomes charged when rubbed w/ cloth - two kinds of electric charges + / -- - F = k (q1q2/r^2) <<<<< coulomb’s law si- coulomb (c)—for current A- ampere - Rub Plexiglas rod with plastic sheet = excess of+ charge, some of the negative charge on the rod moves to the sheet - Rub white PVC rod with black foam produces and excess of negative charge - Created a “test charge” Lab 16 – Mapping electronic equipotentials and field lines Objective: understand the relation between electric field lines and equipotential lines - electric field lines indicate the direction of the force which would act on a positive test charge. If the test charge moves perpendicular to the force, no work would be done. Potential energy does not change if the motion is perpendicular to the force. - Equipotent line- potential energy does not change, motion always perpendicular to field line - Used 2-dimensional analogue, a shallow layer of water which formed a circuit - Parallel bars- - parallel wires Lab 17- Capacitance Objective: to study basic properties of capacitors, verify the relation between the capacitance C, area A, and plate separation d of parallel plate capacitors: C= K Eo (A/D) Study the equivalent capacitance of capacitors connected in series and in parallel. - capacitor: any two conductors separated by a non-conducting gap or material can be charged electrically so that one conductor has positive charge and the other has an equal amount of negative charge. - Amount of charge needed depends on size, shape and location - Capacitance, C, of a given capacitor is defined as the ratio of the magnitude of charge Q on either one of the conductors, to the voltage V. C=Q/V - Capacitance units of charge per voltage-farad, F, 1f=coulomb/volt, farad large capacitance - Parallel plate capacitor - May be connected in series and in parallel, new capacitance = equivalent capacitance - Series 1/ceq=1/c+1/c2, parallel Ceq= C+C2 - C ∞ A/d Lab 18- Electric Current and electric Circuits Objective: to study electric current, learn how to measure current and voltage in an electric circuit and investigate Ohm’s law which relates the two. - power source (battery), resistor (light bulb) and a switch - potential difference called voltage of the battery, or EMF - the direction of electron current is defined as the direction in which the positively charged particles are flowing. - V=IR - Model D only one that works, the direction of current as shown and same in both wires - ammeter device that measure s electric current and displaces it, measures both magnitude and direction of current flow, current flows in through + terminus and out through – terminus, displaced as positive current