Labor Force Participation of the Elderly: Unemployment and Economic Activities, Papers of Asian literature

Download Labor Force Participation of the Elderly: Unemployment and Economic Activities and more Papers Asian literature in PDF only on Docsity! i Discussion paper 1 Comparative labour statistics Labour force survey: first round pilot September 2000 Statistics South Africa 26 June 2001 ii DISCUSSION DOCUMENT LABOUR FORCE SURVEY: SECOND ROUND, SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER 2000 This document presents for discussion a selection of indicative findings and tables from Stats SA’s second Labour force survey (LFS), conducted in September 2000. It examines various labour market issues, including employment in both the formal and informal sectors of the country, and unemployment. The survey provides detailed information regarding approximately 65 000 adults of working age (15-65 years) living in 30 000 households across the country. The document also compares available key data related to employment and unemployment in September 2000 with data from the pilot LFS of February 2000, and the Survey of employment and earnings (SEE) of September 2000. INTRODUCTION The LFS is a twice-yearly rotating panel household survey, specifically designed to measure the dynamics of employment and unemployment in the country. It measures a variety of issues related to the labour market, including unemployment rates (official and expanded), according to standard definitions of the International Labour Organisation (ILO). For these definitions see Note 1 below. A rotating panel sample involves visiting the same dwelling units on a number of occasions (in this instance, five at most), and replacing a proportion of these dwelling units each round (in this instance 20%). New dwelling units are added to the sample to replace those that are taken out. The advantage of this type of design is that it offers the ability to see how the work situation of members of the same dwelling units change over time, while retaining the larger picture of the overall employment situation in the country. The pilot round of LFS fieldwork took place in February 2000, based on a probability sample of 10 000 dwelling units. The present survey took place six months later, using a larger probability sample of 30 000 dwelling units. Among the 10 000 households visited in February, approximately 40% were re-visited in September. The fieldworkers had some difficulty in identifying certain dwelling units in the sample, particularly in those areas where there are no addresses. Therefore survey results, at this stage, are based on a cross-sectional analysis. THE LABOUR MARKET IN SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2000 Labour market trends based on the official definition of unemployment In Table A, Stats SA gives the overall labour market trends for September/October 2000, based on the official definition of unemployment (see Note 1 for this definition). It looks at: (a) the estimated total number of people in the age category 15-65 years (those of working age), (b) the number of people in this age category, who were not economically active (for example, full-time students, full-time homemakers, retired people and the disabled who are unable to work), (c) those who were economically active (both the employed and the unemployed according to the official definition of unemployment), (d) the labour market participation rate (the percentage of all people aged 15-65 years who are economically active), and (e) the labour absorption rate (the percentage of all aged 15-65 years who are employed) in February 2000. The table shows that, on the basis of the LFS conducted in September/October 2000, there were 26,9 million people aged between 15 and 65 years. Among these people: • 15,8 million were economically active, of whom 11,7 million were employed, and 4,1 million were unemployed. • In addition, 11,1 million were not economically active, of whom 4,9 million were full-time scholars, 1,2 million were full-time homemakers, 1,0 million were disabled or chronically ill, hence unable to work, 0,7 million were either too young or too old to work, and 0,3 million were retired. The remainder were not economically active for other reasons. • The official unemployment rate is estimated to be 25,8%. v Agricultural employment All people aged 15 to 65 years were asked whether they engaged in any agricultural activities, and if yes, to indicate the month in which they engaged in these activities. Figure 1 indicates the number of people who said they were engaged in agricultural activities each month between March 1999 and February 2000. The graph shows that between March and July 1999, there was a gradual decrease in the number of people working in agriculture. The number working in the sector starts rising slowly in August and September, and then more steeply in October and November, reaching a peak in December 1999, and then there is a gradual decrease to February 2000. The graph clearly shows that more people are engaged in agricultural activity in February, as against September. FIGURE 1: NUMBER OF PERSONS AGED 15-65 WHO ARE INVOLVED IN AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES: MARCH 1999 TO FEBURARY 2000 Source: LFS 2000:1 Figure 2 indicates the number of people who said they were engaged in agricultural activities each month between October 1999 and September 2000. The graph again shows that more people are engaged in agricultural activity in February, as against September. FIGURE 2: NUMBER OF PERSONS AGED 15-65 WHO ARE INVOLVED IN AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES: OCTOBER 1999 TO SEPTEMBER 2000 Source: LFS 2000:2 M ar-99 A pr-99 M ay-99 Jun-99 Jul-99 A ug-99 S ep-99 O ct-99 N ov-99 D ec-99 Jan-00 F eb-00 Month 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 Thousands O ct-99 N ov-99 D ec-99 Jan-00 F eb-00 M ar-00 A pr-00 M ay-00 Jun-00 Jul-00 A ug-00 S ep-00 Month 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 Thousands vi Both figures, therefore, show a lower level of involvement in agriculture in September as compared to February. The trend is that the highest level of involvement is in November, December and January and the lowest in June, July and August. Comparison of the number of workers in February and in September 2000 by industry Figure 3 suggests that there may be a slight increase in the number of workers in all industries except agriculture, electricity and trade. However the confidence limits in Table D suggest that none of the increases was statistically significant. For the decreases it is only agriculture which is significant. A longer time series is needed to confirm whether or not the differences are actually present. FIGURE 3: NUMBER OF WORKERS BY INDUSTRY Source: LFS 2000:1 and 2 TABLE D: EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY, FEBRUARY 2000 AND SEPTEMBER 2000 February 2000 September 2000 Industry 95% Conf. Limits 95% Conf. Limits N (000s) % Lower Upper N (000s) % Lower Upper Agriculture 2 285 19,2 2 102 2 468 1 694 14,5 1 593 1 795 Mining 467 3,9 393 542 531 4,5 478 583 Manufacturing 1 469 12,4 1 380 1 559 1 576 13,5 1 506 1 645 Electricity 88 0,7 73 102 82 0,7 73 91 Construction 596 5,0 550 643 639 5,5 607 670 Trade 2 434 20,5 2 300 2 569 2 426 20,7 2 340 2 513 Transport 547 4,6 509 585 551 4,7 523 578 Business services 837 7,0 779 896 928 7,9 875 981 Community services 1 900 16,0 1 793 2 007 1 994 17,0 1 912 2 076 Private households 1 187 10,0 1 107 1 267 1 205 10,3 1 149 1 260 Other/unspecified industry 69 0,6 87 0,7 Total 11 880 100,0 11491 12 268 11 712 100,0 11 446 11 979 The largest proportion of workers is in the trade industry as compared to the smallest proportion in electricity. A similar pattern is evident in the February and September figures. A griculture M ining M anufacturing E lectricity,gas w ater C onstruction Trade Transport F inance C om m unity P rivate 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 February September vii EMPLOYMENT IN THE FORMAL AND INFORMAL SECTORS BY INDUSTRY, AS INDICATED IN THE LFS OF SEPTEMBER 2000 The industry in which people work differs according to whether they are employed in the formal or the informal sector. For example, Table E is based on the LFS of September 2000. It examines the industry in which people work in both the formal and informal sectors. Domestic work is indicated in a separate column. The table shows that: • Among people working in the formal sector, 23,6% were found in community and social services, while 19,2% were involved in wholesale and retail trade, 17,5% in manufacturing and 8,9% in agriculture. • Among people working in the informal sector, on the other hand, 33,3% were in agriculture, 32,2% in trade, 8,8% in construction and 5,9% in community services. TABLE E: EMPLOYMENT IN THE FORMAL AND INFORMAL SECTORS BY INDUSTRY (INCLUDING AGRICULTURE), SEPTEMBER 2000 Formal Informal Domestic Total* Industry N (000s) % N (000s) % N (000s) % N (000s) % Agriculture 667 8,9 965 33,3 - 1694 14,5 Mining 514 6,8 10 0,4 - 531 4,5 Manufacturing 1 314 17,5 234 8,1 - 1576 13,5 Electricity 79 1,1 2 0,1 - 82 0,7 Construction 348 4,6 254 8,8 - 639 5,5 Trade 1 442 19,2 932 32,2 - 2426 20,7 Transport 432 5,7 98 3,4 - 551 4,7 Business services 860 11,5 49 1,7 - 928 7,9 Community services 1 775 23,6 170 5,9 - 1994 17,0 Private households 27 0,4 173 6,0 999 100,0 1205 10,3 Other/unspecified industry 52 0,7 10 0,4 - 87 0,7 Total 7 509 100.0 2 898 100.0 999 100,0 11712 100.0 *Total includes unspecified COMPARING FORMAL EMPLOYMENT TRENDS IN THE LFS OF FEBRUARY AND SEPTEMBER 2000 WITH THOSE IN THE SURVEY OF EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS (SEE) OF MARCH AND SEPTEMBER 2000 Formal sector employment figures may be obtained from various other Stats SA data sets, including the Survey of employment and earnings (SEE), which collects information on formal employment in South Africa (excluding certain industries, divisions and activities as described below). The comparable results to the LFS of September 2000 are from the SEE of the same month. These were published in December 2000 in statistical release P0271. 
 
   
 
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ÈC&#“5 ˆ*| (%) 3ZX6D urban population constituted 54,1% of the total population according to Census ’96. In the weighting matrix for the LFS of February 2000, the proportionate distribution of the population by urban and non-urban areas was xi based on the population census of 1996. It follows that urbanisation cannot be detected from the LFS, but will be measured by comparing Census ’96 with Census 2001.
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 u*+ ,- ,!/@+57²6-eq3DB0e- G04G-e,HDeL>¦CŸ‰0 2 J9<.L3DeJ30eDBGH.N8.,!/F9!2 ;`o D P>q3-e;.-tGD(/eYZX6DE/DB-e;DB-eq3-e.HG-tGDB23J>;DE4D(/|,ˆ,2k4ˆ/De;‡/CIl62 ;DE4.;D…,p6.!/F.J9<23;N8-e,.H2 JMY         "!$#&%'("!$)+*-,/.$0"1324135617."8:9;1<2=0$>?=@AB@/C13.0.$CD9E>C<.GFA-.B8HA"@.&AB?=@I J".K?L2=M$@5L.$>@5+J"@CD8N.CO95P?=@9Q135R86.GF"C 02=>&JB541 9I@@/SHT I J".K@/95R5=.$>@5UJB@/C790VI JB.-1WJB9/C<@EC<@Q13.&FBC<,/@&1/X Population group describes the racial classification of a particular group of South African citizens. The previous government used legislation to impose this type of classification, to divide the South African population into distinct groupings on which to base apartheid policies. For quite a different reason it remains important for Stats SA to continue to use this classification wherever possible. It clearly indicates the effects of discrimination of the past, and permits monitoring of policies to alleviate discrimination. Note that, in the past, population group was based on a legal definition, but it is now based on self-perceptions and self-classification. An African/black person is someone who classifies him/herself as such. The same applies to a coloured, Indian/Asian or white person. A hostel is a communal living quarter for workers, provided by a public organisation such as a local authority, or a private organisation such as a mining company. These were residential dormitories established for migrant workers during the apartheid era, and they continue to house people working in certain industries, such as the mining industry. Institutions are communal temporary, semi-permanent or permanent living arrangements for people in special circumstances, for example prisons, police cells, school boarding facilities, homes for the aged or the disabled, hotels and hospitals. Y JB@Z!$[<\&]+^Q_`&_P'Oa !a #)+`"b=]=!&^-2=0$,/?+F"V$@Q19/?=?H5UJB."13@9>@Vdc"@5=I@/@0fehgK9/0$Vigj$@/9C1/X Y JB@'&k!G^"!Gl]4km`")=) n`Pkb=]=o'OaO!paO#$)U`Bb=]L!G^-,.0"13261<5617."8qc".$5UJ5UJB."13@I J".K9/C<@E@/rdAB?=.j@V90V5+JB."1<@EI J".9C<@FB0@rdA"?=.$j@VqX Y JB@s'(lOaO)=!nB'(*t9/C<@u5+J"."13@vI J".uA"@C8N.C<r@VwI.C<Sx86.$CAB9/jHT A"C<."8N2=5.Cd869r2=?=jw>92L0w2=0w5+J"@s1<@M@0wV9j"1yA"C<2=.$C5=.w5UJB@ J".GFz13@JB.?=V{1|F"C<M$@/j2=05=@/C<M$2=@/IT}.C7I J".I@C<@9(cz13@/0$5q8NC<.r~I.$C<SV&FBC<2=0>5+J"@&1<@d1<@M@0V9j"1(TBc$F"5HV2=VdJ"9M@d1<.$r@;8N.C<r ."8qA"92=VI.C<SVGF"C<2=0>K5UJB26175=2LrK@zX Y JB@!NL&]6k(]U`B)R#G^"'(lOaO)=!n$l'(^"bH[<`"b='$€q13@/@E.5=@veX Y JB@'p‚a:`^$*"'(*-#&^B'lOa )L!(nl'(^"bH[<`Bb='zƒ}1<@@.$5=@{eX Y JB@wA"@.&AB?=@xI J".„9C<@w!#b!Nxb+"'w)+`…"!$#[Kl`"[3\Q'b.CI JB.t9C<@u^"!$b'Qk(!&^B!&l]6kh`B)=) n`Pkb=]=o/'w9C<@w5UJB."13@fI JB.t9C<@w0.$5 9M92L?=9(c"?=@-8N.C I.C<S†X Y J"261‡,/95=@/>$.C<j2L0$,/?+FBV@&1 84F"?=?6ˆ65=2=r@1<,(J".$?=9/C1‡9/0$V{135+F"V@0561(Tq84F"?=?6ˆN5L2=r@EJB.r@r9S@C1TH5+J"."13@dI J". 9C<@C<@5L2=C<@VRT}9/0$V5+J"."13@I JB.9/C<@yF"0$9cB?L@E.C F"0$I2=?L?=2=0>K5L.KI.C<SqX ‰ B'&![<l`B)%h'Qk(b=![v2=0,?+F"V@&19?L?ycFP1<2=0@&113@Q1I JB2L,(J9C<@xC<@/>$261<5=@/C<@V8N.C5L9ŠAFBCWA".B1<@&1T90V„I JB2L,(J„J"9M@w9w‹  Y 0&FBrdc"@C/X ‰ B']+^Œ&![3l`")†%h'Qk(b=![,.0B1<261<561 ."85UJB."13@dcFP1<2=0@&113@Q1 5+J"95O9C<@dFB0C<@>261<5=@C<@/Vv90VvV$.v0.5:J"9M@9d‹  Y 0&FBrdc"@C/X Y J"@j 9C<@;>$@/0$@/C<9?=?=j{13r9/?=?†2=0095UFBC<@"TH90V9/C<@13@/?=V.$rCWFB0{8NC<.rŽcFz132=0@&11 ABC<@/r2613@Q1XBW0"1<5=@9/VHTP5+J"@j9C<@CWFB0-86C<.$rJ".$r@Q1(T 1<5=C<@@/5}A"9M@r@05617.$CD.$5+J"@CD2=0B86.$C<r9/?H9C<C<9/0$>@r@/0$561/X ‘ [p]+l`"[6n]+^*"#G%b=[]='(% 2=0,?+F"V@E9/>$C<2=,FB?L5+FBC<@"TH86.$C<@Q135LC<jK9/0$V-86261|J"2=0>HTP90Vr2=0$2L0$>90V’GF"9C<C<j2=0>†X “'&k(!&^*$`"[Nn-]+^*B#&%b=[p]L'(% 2=0,?+F"V$@r90&FP869,/5+FBC<2L0$>RT}@/?=@,/5=C<2=,/2=5=j90V.$5+J"@COFB5=2L?=2=5=2=@Q1(TP90V,.0B1<5=CWF",5=2L.$0qX ‰ '[b=]+`"[Nn”]U^$*"#G%b=[]='(%•2=0$,/?+F"V$@~5=C<9/V$@"Tw5=C<90"1WAB.C<5<Tw862=090,2=9/?w90VŽcFz132=0@&1113@/C<M$2=,/@&1Tu9/0$V–13.,2L9?<TvAB@/C13.0$9/?w90V ,.rrdFB02=5=j-1<@C<M2=,@Q1X xii lOa )=!n$l'^BbP%hbU`Bb=#&% C<@&86@C175=.I JB@/5+J"@C7.C70.$5R5+JB@A"@C1<.$02611<@?68ŒˆN@rdA"?=.j$@/VHTP.$CDI.$C<S"179&1 9/0d@rdA"?=.$j@@"TB.$C†c".$5+JqTB.C @?413@I.$C<S"179&179V$.r@&1<5=2=,I.$C<S@C72L0K9J".GFz13@JB.?=VqX
!Bkh`BbL]=!G^-C<@Q8N@C175=.I J"@5+J"@CD5+JB@A"@C1<.$0?=2=M@&172=09/0 F"CWc"90.$CD0$.0Bˆ=FBCWc"909/C<@9PX • 0s#$[<…$`^f9C<@9-261.$0@5+J"95OJB9Q1 c"@@/0u?=@/>$9/?=?=jvABC<.,?L92=r@Vs9&1 c"@2=0> F"CWc"90qX Y JB@Q13@-2=0$,/?+F"V$@-5=.$I0"1T ,2L5=2=@&190V r@5=C<.&A".$?=2L5=909C<@/9&1/X •  %h'l]N#[<…$`^v9/C<@9d2610$.5HA"9C<5†."8 9d?=@/>$9/?=?=jdABC<.,?L92=r@VdF"CWcB9/09C<@9"TzcF"5H9Vp.2=0"12L5XzŒ0B86.$C<r9/?†1<@5=5=?L@r@056179C<@ @Š9rdA"?=@&17."8:5UJB@Q13@5=j&AB@Q1."8†9C<@9Q1XBW05+J"261 AF$c"?=2=,/95=2=.0d%h'l]N#[<…$`^-9C<@9Q1 JB9/M$@cB@/@0d]U^Pk)=#G*"'(* I2=5+J0.$0"ˆ4F"CWc"90 9C<@/9&1/X • ?=?R.$5+J"@CD9C<@9Q179C<@,?=9Q1p1<268N2L@V9&1 ^"!G^N#[3…`^†TP2=0,?+F"V$2L0$>,.rr@C<,2L9?†869C<r-1TH1<r9?=?R1<@5=5=?L@r@0561TBCWFBC<9/?}M2=?=?L9>@&1 90V.$5UJB@/C79C<@/9&17I JB2L,(J-9C<@;84F"C<5+J"@C79/I9j-8NC<.r~5=.I0B1790V,2=5L2=@&1/X  ![3\Q'[<% 2L0$,/?+FBV@5+JB@;1<@?68ŒˆN@rdA"?=.j$@/VHTP@rdA"?=.$j@C179/0$V@rdA"?=.j$@/@&1/X Labour market dynamics refer to movement into and out of the labour market, and into and out of actual employment, over a specified time period. 1. Population 1.1 Population by type of area, age, population group and sex Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Non-urban Total 18720 8857 9861 647 321 326 22 11 11 312 163 149 19713 9360 10351 0 - 4 2918 1444 1474 82 38 44 * * * 32 16 16 3038 1501 1537 5 - 9 2344 1200 1144 67 39 28 * * * 17 * 9 2431 1247 1183 10-14 2458 1262 1196 65 34 31 * * - 19 * 10 2544 1307 1237 15-19 2292 1147 1145 61 32 28 * * * 18 * 8 2374 1191 1182 20-24 1810 882 927 61 27 34 * * * 15 * 7 1888 919 968 25-29 1379 598 782 55 25 31 * * * 26 11 15 1463 635 828 30-34 1085 471 613 50 23 27 * - * 35 22 13 1172 517 654 35-39 906 398 507 55 24 31 * * * 25 15 11 987 438 550 40-44 764 344 420 37 20 17 * * * 18 * 9 826 378 448 45-49 617 267 350 33 14 19 * * 22 * 13 672 290 382 50-54 505 222 283 25 15 * * * * 22 12 10 553 250 303 55-59 397 174 223 18 * * * * * 22 12 10 438 195 243 60-64 360 130 230 13 * * * * 15 * 8 388 144 244 65+ 879 317 562 25 13 12 * * * 26 15 11 931 345 586 Unspecified * * * * * * - - - - - - * * * * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Totals include other and unspecified population groups 1 000 Type of area and age group TotalAfrican Coloured Indian/Asian White 2. Population of working age 2.1 By type of economic activity, population group, involvement in economic activity and sex Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Run or do any kind of business, big or small, for himself/herself Total 1 818 915 903 25 072 11 795 13 273 26 894 12 714 14 177 African 1 272 560 712 19 160 9 043 10 113 20 432 9 604 10 825 Coloured 107 61 47 2 476 1 124 1 351 2 586 1 187 1 399 Indian/Asian 59 43 16 746 355 392 806 398 408 White 373 247 127 2 643 1 249 1 395 3 018 1 496 1 522 Do any work for a wage, salary, commission or any payment in kind Total 8 080 4 987 3 092 18 810 7 724 11 083 26 894 12 714 14 177 African 4 982 3 239 1 743 15 449 6 365 9 081 20 432 9 604 10 825 Coloured 1 143 653 489 1 441 532 909 2 586 1 187 1 399 Indian/Asian 341 210 131 464 188 277 806 398 408 White 1 590 869 721 1 426 626 800 3 018 1 496 1 522 Do any work as a domestic worker for a wage, salary, or any payment in kind Total 1 026 179 847 25 863 12 531 13 328 26 894 12 714 14 177 African 916 163 753 19 514 9 440 10 071 20 432 9 604 10 825 Coloured 94 * 86 2 489 1 177 1 312 2 586 1 187 1 399 Indian/Asian * * * 804 398 406 806 398 408 White 11 * * 3 005 1 489 1 517 3 018 1 496 1 522 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Totals include other and unspecified population groups 1 000 Type of economic activity and population group TotalInvolved in economic activity Not involved in economic activity 2 Population of working age 2.1 By type of economic activity, population group, involvement in economic activity and sex Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Help unpaid in a family business of any kind Total 208 89 118 26 681 12 621 14 057 26 894 12 714 14 177 African 155 66 89 20 276 9 537 10 735 20 432 9 604 10 825 Coloured 13 * * 2 571 1 179 1 391 2 586 1 187 1 399 Indian/Asian 12 * * 794 392 401 806 398 408 White 28 12 16 2 989 1 483 1 506 3 018 1 496 1 522 Do any work in his/her own or the family's plot, farm, food garden, cattle post or kraal or help in growing farm produce or in looking after animals for the household Total 1 041 450 590 25 849 12 260 13 585 26 894 12 714 14 177 African 983 410 574 19 447 9 194 10 251 20 432 9 604 10 825 Coloured 14 * * 2 569 1 175 1 394 2 586 1 187 1 399 Indian/Asian * * * 803 396 407 806 398 408 White 40 28 12 2 977 1 467 1 510 3 018 1 496 1 522 Do any construction or major repair work on his/her own home, plot, cattle post or business or those of the family Total 101 74 28 26 788 12 637 14 147 26 894 12 714 14 177 African 63 45 18 20 368 9 558 10 807 20 432 9 604 10 825 Coloured * * * 2 579 1 182 1 397 2 586 1 187 1 399 Indian/Asian * * - 805 397 408 806 398 408 White 33 24 8 2 984 1 471 1 513 3 018 1 496 1 522 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Totals include other and unspecified population groups 1 000 Type of economic activity and population group TotalInvolved in economic activity Not involved in economic activity 2. Population of working age 2.2 By type of activity, sex and involvement in economic activity Type of activity and gender Involved in economic activity Not involved in economic activity Total Do any construction or major repair work on his/her own home, plot, cattle post or business or those of the family Total 101 26 788 26 894 Male 74 12 637 12 714 Female 28 14 147 14 177 Unspecified - * * Catch any fish, prawns, shells, wild animals or other food for sale or family food Total 25 26 864 26 894 Male 20 12 691 12 714 Female * 14 170 14 177 Unspecified - * * Beg for money or food in public Total 17 26 871 26 894 Male * 12 704 12 714 Female 11 14 163 14 177 Unspecified - * * Involved in at least one activity except begging Total 11 669 15 225 26 894 Male 6 366 6 348 12 714 Female 5 303 8 874 14 177 Unspecified * * * * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates 1 000 2. Population of working age 2.3 By type of economic activity, type of area and involvement in economic activity Type of economic activity and type of area Involved in economic activity Not involved in economic activity Total Run or do any kind of business, big or small for himself/herself Total 1 818 25 072 26 894 Urban 1 202 14 863 16 069 Non-urban 616 10 208 10 825 Do any work for a wage, salary, commission or any payment in kind Total 8 080 18 810 26 894 Urban 5 888 10 177 16 069 Non-urban 2 191 8 633 10 825 Do any work as a domestic worker for a wage, salary, or any payment in kind Total 1 026 25 863 26 894 Urban 650 15 414 16 069 Non-urban 376 10 448 10 825 Help unpaid in a family business of any kind Total 208 26 681 26 894 Urban 116 15 949 16 069 Non-urban 91 10 732 10 825 Do any work on his/her own or the family plot, farm, food garden, cattle post or kraal or help in growing farm produce or in looking after animals for the household Total 1 041 25 849 26 894 Urban 123 15 943 16 069 Non-urban 918 9 906 10 825 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates 1 000 2 Population of working age 2.3 By type of economic activity, type of area and involvement in economic activity Type of economic activity and type of area Involved in economic activity Not involved in economic activity Total Do any construction or major repair work on his/her own home, plot, cattle post or business or those of the family Total 101 26 788 26 894 Urban 48 16 018 16 069 Non-urban 53 10 770 10 825 Catch any fish, prawns, shells, wild animals or other food for sale or family food Total 25 26 864 26 894 Urban 17 16 049 16 069 Non-urban * 10 815 10 825 Beg for money or food in public Total 17 26 871 26 894 Urban 11 16 054 16 069 Non-urban * 10 816 10 825 Involved in at least one economic activity except begging Total 11 669 15 225 26 894 Urban 7 731 8 338 16 069 Non-urban 3 939 6 887 10 825 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates 1 000 2. Population of working age 2.5 By province, type of area, sex and labour market status 2.5.1 Official definition of unemployment RSA Total 12 714 4 395 8 319 6 381 1 938 23.3 14 177 6 702 7 475 5 331 2 144 28.7 26 894 11 100 15 794 11 712 4 082 25.8 Urban 7 733 2 210 5 522 4 273 1 250 22.6 8 335 3 409 4 925 3 486 1 440 29.2 16 069 5 621 10 448 7 759 2 690 25.7 Non-urban 4 981 2 185 2 796 2 108 688 24.6 5 842 3 293 2 549 1 845 704 27.6 10 825 5 479 5 346 3 954 1 392 26.0 Western Cape Total 1 343 351 992 840 152 15.3 1 413 551 862 697 165 19.1 2 757 902 1 855 1 538 317 17.1 Urban 1 204 329 875 726 149 17.0 1 268 494 774 617 157 20.3 2 473 823 1 650 1 344 306 18.5 Non-urban 140 22 118 114 * 2.8 145 57 88 79 * 9.3 284 79 205 194 11 5.6 Eastern Cape Total 1 736 785 951 694 257 27.0 2 165 1 187 977 709 269 27.5 3 900 1 972 1 929 1 403 526 27.3 Urban 730 261 469 345 124 26.4 873 392 481 336 145 30.1 1 603 653 950 681 269 28.3 Non-urban 1 006 524 482 349 133 27.6 1 292 795 496 373 124 24.9 2 297 1 319 979 722 257 26.3 Northern Cape Total 261 79 182 148 34 18.8 295 147 148 109 39 26.1 556 226 330 257 73 22.1 Urban 175 65 111 82 28 25.5 216 109 106 72 34 31.8 391 174 217 155 62 28.6 Non-urban 86 14 72 65 * 8.6 79 38 41 37 * 11.3 165 52 113 102 11 9.6 Free State Total 878 274 604 463 141 23.3 921 421 500 348 152 30.4 1 799 695 1 104 811 293 26.5 Urban 609 222 388 268 119 30.7 695 319 376 253 123 32.8 1 305 541 764 521 242 31.7 Non-urban 268 52 216 194 22 10.1 226 102 124 95 29 23.2 494 154 340 289 51 14.9 KwaZulu Natal Total 2 492 922 1 570 1 138 433 27.6 2 967 1 358 1 609 1 163 445 27.7 5 459 2 280 3 179 2 301 878 27.6 Urban 1 370 391 979 734 245 25.0 1 558 632 926 653 273 29.5 2 928 1 023 1 905 1 387 518 27.2 Non-urban 1 122 531 591 404 187 31.7 1 409 726 682 510 172 25.3 2 531 1 257 1 274 914 360 28.3 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Due to rounding numbers do not necessarily add up to totals Totals include other and unspecified population groups (1000) Rate Not economi- cally active Total Workers Unemplo- yed Not economi- cally active Unemplo- yed Rate Economically active Province Total Not economi- cally active Total Economically active Male Female Total Economically active TotalWorkers Unemplo- yed Rate Total Total Workers 2. Population of working age 2.5 By province, type of area, sex and labour market status 2.5.1 Official definition of unemployment North West Total 1 088 397 691 517 174 25.2 1 123 615 509 330 178 35.1 2 213 1 013 1 200 848 353 29.4 Urban 426 142 284 212 72 25.5 488 240 248 169 79 31.9 914 382 532 381 151 28.5 Non-urban 662 255 407 306 102 25.0 636 375 261 161 99 38.2 1 299 631 668 467 201 30.1 Gauteng Total 2 739 635 2 105 1 667 438 20.8 2 671 964 1 706 1 184 523 30.6 5 411 1 600 3 811 2 850 961 25.2 Urban 2 622 619 2 003 1 579 425 21.2 2 563 936 1 626 1 123 503 30.9 5 186 1 557 3 630 2 702 928 25.6 Non-urban 117 16 101 88 13 13.2 108 28 80 60 20 24.7 225 44 181 148 33 18.2 Mpumalanga Total 848 278 570 445 125 21.9 969 449 520 346 173 33.4 1 816 727 1 089 791 298 27.4 Urban 371 108 263 202 61 23.0 430 181 249 161 88 35.3 801 289 512 363 148 29.0 Non-urban 477 170 307 242 64 20.9 539 268 271 185 86 31.6 1 016 438 577 428 150 25.9 Northern Province Total 1 329 675 654 470 184 28.2 1 654 1 010 644 445 199 30.9 2 983 1 685 1 298 915 383 29.5 Urban 225 74 151 124 27 17.7 245 106 138 100 38 27.4 469 180 289 224 65 22.4 Non-urban 1 104 601 503 345 157 31.3 1 410 904 506 345 161 31.9 2 514 1 505 1 009 690 319 31.6 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Due to rounding numbers do not necessarily add up to totals Totals include other and unspecified population groups (1000) Total Workers Unemplo- yedTotal Not economi- cally active Economically active Rate Province Male Female Total Workers Unemplo- yed Rate Rate Total Total Not economi- cally active Economically active Total Not economi- cally active Economically active Total Workers Unemplo- yed 2. Population of working age 2.5 By province, type of area, sex and labour market status 2.5.2 Expanded definition of unemployment RSA Total 12 714 3 494 9 220 6 381 2 839 30.8 14 177 5 127 9 050 5 331 3 719 41.1 26 894 8 623 18 272 11 712 6 559 35.9 Urban 7 733 1 812 5 921 4 273 1 648 27.8 8 335 2 680 5 654 3 486 2 169 38.4 16 069 4 492 11 577 7 759 3 818 33.0 Non-urban 4 981 1 682 3 299 2 108 1 191 36.1 5 842 2 447 3 396 1 845 1 550 45.7 10 825 4 130 6 695 3 954 2 741 40.9 Western Cape Total 1 343 303 1 041 840 200 19.3 1 413 466 947 697 250 26.4 2 757 769 1 988 1 538 451 22.7 Urban 1 204 285 919 726 193 21.0 1 268 419 850 617 232 27.3 2 473 704 1 769 1 344 425 24.0 Non-urban 140 17 122 114 * 6.3 145 47 98 79 18 18.6 284 65 220 194 26 11.8 Eastern Cape Total 1 736 605 1 131 694 437 38.6 2 165 910 1 254 709 545 43.5 3 900 1 515 2 385 1 403 982 41.2 Urban 730 212 518 345 173 33.3 873 294 579 336 243 42.0 1 603 506 1 097 681 416 37.9 Non-urban 1 006 393 613 349 264 43.1 1 292 617 675 373 302 44.8 2 297 1 010 1 288 722 566 44.0 Northern Cape Total 261 67 194 148 46 23.9 295 118 177 109 68 38.3 556 185 371 257 114 30.8 Urban 175 56 119 82 37 30.7 216 88 127 72 55 43.1 391 145 246 155 92 37.2 Non-urban 86 11 75 65 * 13.0 79 30 49 37 13 25.9 165 40 125 102 23 18.1 Free State Total 878 226 651 463 189 29.0 921 311 610 348 262 42.9 1 799 538 1 261 811 450 35.7 Urban 609 182 427 268 159 37.2 695 235 460 253 207 45.0 1 305 417 887 521 366 41.2 Non-urban 268 44 224 194 30 13.3 226 76 150 95 55 36.5 494 120 374 289 84 22.6 KwaZulu Natal Total 2 492 715 1 777 1 138 639 36.0 2 967 1 069 1 898 1 163 735 38.7 5 459 1 784 3 675 2 301 1 374 37.4 Urban 1 370 325 1 045 734 311 29.8 1 558 520 1 038 653 385 37.1 2 928 845 2 083 1 387 696 33.4 Non-urban 1 122 390 732 404 328 44.8 1 409 549 860 510 350 40.7 2 531 939 1 592 914 678 42.6 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Due to rounding numbers do not necessarily add up to totals Totals include other and unspecified population groups (1000) Rate Not economi- cally active Total Workers Unemplo- yed Not economi- cally active Unemplo- yed Rate Economically active Province Total Not economi- cally active Total Economically active Male Female Total Economically active TotalWorkers Unemplo- yed Rate Total Total Workers 2 Population of working age 2.6 By highest level of education, sex and labour market status 2.6.1 Official definition of unemployment 2.6.1.1 African Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total 9 604 3 628 5 976 4 280 1 696 28.4 10 825 5 258 5 567 3 696 1 870 33.6 20 432 8 889 11 543 7 977 3 566 30.9 None 711 233 477 391 86 18.0 1 072 563 509 411 98 19.2 1 783 796 987 803 184 18.7 Grade 0 to grade 3/ Std 1 551 182 369 287 82 22.3 534 255 279 221 58 20.7 1 085 437 649 508 140 21.6 Grade 4/Std 2 431 141 290 223 67 23.2 394 186 208 154 55 26.3 826 327 499 377 122 24.5 Grade 5/ Std 3 524 188 336 250 86 25.7 500 233 267 202 65 24.3 1 023 421 603 451 151 25.1 Grade 6/Std 4 688 289 399 290 109 27.3 695 360 334 235 100 29.8 1 383 650 733 524 209 28.5 Grade 7/Std 5 965 431 533 389 144 27.1 1 044 547 497 337 161 32.3 2 009 978 1 030 725 305 29.6 Grade 8/Std 6 1 078 484 594 424 170 28.6 1 198 654 545 383 161 29.6 2 278 1 139 1 139 807 332 29.1 Grade 9/Std 7 907 460 447 309 138 30.8 1 019 593 426 260 166 39.0 1 926 1 053 873 569 304 34.8 Grade 10/Std 8 971 406 564 394 170 30.1 1 133 614 519 320 198 38.2 2 103 1 020 1 083 715 368 34.0 Grade 11/Std 9 829 392 437 265 172 39.4 1 033 579 454 231 223 49.0 1 863 972 891 496 395 44.3 Grade 12/Std 10 1 397 342 1 055 676 379 35.9 1 531 558 973 508 465 47.8 2 928 900 2 028 1 184 843 41.6 NTC I - NTC III 56 20 36 23 12 34 30 14 16 * * * 86 34 52 33 19 36 Diploma/certificate with Std 9 or lower 48 * 39 33 * 17.1 56 11 45 34 11 23.8 104 20 84 67 17 20.7 Diploma/certificate with Std 10 252 25 228 179 49 21.3 384 53 331 250 81 24.5 637 78 559 429 130 23.2 Degree and higher 115 * 108 93 16 14.7 138 14 124 108 16 13.3 253 21 232 200 32 13.9 Other 14 * * * * * * * * * * * 24 * 15 13 * 13.0 Unspecified 68 14 54 47 * 13.3 52 19 33 28 * 17.1 120 33 87 74 13 14.8 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Economically active 1 000 Total Economically active Highest level of education Female TotalMale Not economi- cally active Economically active Total Not economi- cally active Not economi- cally active Total 2. Population of working age 2.6 By highest level of education, sex and labour market status 2.6.1 Official definition of unemployment 2.6.1.2 Coloured Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total 1 187 319 868 721 147 16.9 1 399 605 794 627 167 21.1 2 586 924 1 663 1 348 314 18.9 None 54 16 38 35 * 8.6 64 40 24 20 * 16.7 118 56 63 55 * 11.7 Grade 0 to grade 3/ Std 1 43 12 31 28 * 8.1 52 25 27 22 * 18.1 95 37 58 50 * 12.8 Grade 4/Std 2 29 * 23 18 * 22.9 44 26 18 15 * 13.6 73 32 41 33 * 18.9 Grade 5/ Std 3 46 11 35 27 * 22.7 68 35 33 24 * 29.7 114 46 68 50 18 26.1 Grade 6/Std 4 83 24 58 46 12 20.4 93 44 49 39 * 20.5 176 69 107 85 22 20.4 Grade 7/Std 5 117 39 78 66 12 15.7 149 73 75 60 15 20.2 265 112 153 126 27 17.9 Grade 8/Std 6 157 53 104 81 23 21.8 177 95 82 62 20 24.5 334 147 186 143 43 23.0 Grade 9/Std 7 126 44 82 65 17 21.2 146 70 76 55 21 27.9 271 114 158 119 38 24.4 Grade 10/Std 8 148 42 105 86 19 18.2 179 72 107 81 26 23.9 326 114 212 167 45 21.1 Grade 11/Std 9 80 25 55 44 12 21.0 85 40 45 36 * 20.0 165 65 100 80 21 20.5 Grade 12/Std 10 187 32 155 132 23 14.6 225 56 169 130 39 23.2 412 88 324 262 62 19.1 NTC I - NTC III 17 * 13 * * * * * * * - * 20 * 15 12 * 22 Diploma/certificate with Std 9 or lower 11 * * * * * 15 * 11 * * * 26 * 20 17 * 13.2 Diploma/certificate with Std 10 48 * 45 42 * 7.2 58 13 45 41 * 9.6 106 16 91 83 * 8.4 Degree and higher 28 * 25 24 * 3.8 29 * 24 24 - 0.0 57 * 48 47 * 1.9 Other * * - - - - * * - - - - * * - - - - Unspecified 14 * 11 * * * 12 * * * - * 26 * 17 16 * 8.8 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Highest level of education Female TotalMale Economically active Total Not economi- cally active Total Not economi- cally active Economically active Not economi- cally activeTotal 1 000 Economically active 2. Population of working age 2.6 By highest level of education, sex and labour market 2.6.1 Official definition of unemployment 2.6.1.3 Indian/Asian Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total 398 96 302 260 43 14.1 408 218 189 157 33 17.2 806 314 492 416 75 15.3 None * * * * - * 17 14 * * - * 21 18 * * - * Grade 0 to grade 3/ Std 1 * - * * - * * * - - - * * * * * - * Grade 4/Std 2 * * * - * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Grade 5/Std 3 * * * * - * * * * * * * 11 * * * * * Grade 6/Std 4 * * * * * * 17 13 * * * * 24 16 * * * * Grade 7/Std 5 11 * * * * * 17 11 * * - * 28 15 13 11 * 13.8 Grade 8/Std 6 28 * 19 17 * 11.4 49 38 11 * * 30.0 77 47 30 24 * 18.1 Grade 9/Std 7 25 11 14 13 * 10.4 24 18 * * * 28.0 50 29 21 18 * 15.9 Grade 10/Std 8 47 17 31 24 * 23.0 46 29 17 14 * 18.1 93 46 47 37 * 21.2 Grade 11/Std 9 44 12 32 28 * 13.7 40 24 15 11 * 27.9 83 36 47 39 * 18.3 Grade 12/Std 10 139 21 118 101 17 14.1 119 46 73 58 15 20.5 258 66 191 160 32 16.5 NTC I - NTC III * * - - - - * * - - - - * * - - - - Diploma/certificate with Std 9 or lower * * * * * * * - * * - * 12 * 11 11 * 4.7 Diploma/certificate with Std 10 39 * 35 31 * 11.7 24 - 19 18 * 7.7 62 * 54 48 * 10.3 Degree and higher 31 * 26 24 * 6.8 30 * 25 24 * 3.9 61 * 51 49 * 5.3 Other * * * * * * * - * * - * * * * * * * Unspecified * * - - - - * - * * - * * * * * - * * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Total Not economi- cally active Economically active Total 1 000 Not economi- cally active Economically active Highest level of education Female TotalMale Economically active Total Not economi- cally active 2. Population of working age 2.6 By highest level of education, sex and labour market status 2.6.2 Expanded definition of unemployment 2.6.2.1 African Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total 9 604 2 816 6 788 4 280 2 508 36.9 10 825 3 881 6 944 3 696 3 248 46.8 20 432 6 698 13 734 7 977 5 757 41.9 None 711 177 533 391 142 26.6 1 072 447 626 411 214 34.2 1 783 624 1 159 803 356 30.7 Grade 0 to grade 3/ Std 1 551 125 426 287 139 32.7 534 186 348 221 127 36.4 1 085 311 774 508 266 34.4 Grade 4/Std 2 431 97 334 223 111 33.3 394 130 264 154 111 41.8 826 227 599 377 222 37.1 Grade 5/Std 3 524 145 379 250 129 34.1 500 165 334 202 132 39.6 1 023 311 713 451 261 36.7 Grade 6/Std 4 688 227 461 290 171 37.2 695 262 433 235 198 45.7 1 383 489 894 524 369 41.3 Grade 7/Std 5 965 345 620 389 231 37.3 1 044 412 632 337 296 46.8 2 009 757 1 252 725 526 42.1 Grade 8/Std 6 1 078 403 675 424 251 37.2 1 198 520 678 383 295 43.5 2 278 923 1 355 807 548 40.4 Grade 9/Std 7 907 383 524 309 215 41.0 1 019 465 554 260 294 53.1 1 926 848 1 078 569 509 47.2 Grade 10/Std 8 971 329 641 394 247 38.5 1 133 486 647 320 326 50.4 2 103 816 1 288 715 573 44.5 Grade 11/Std 9 829 325 504 265 239 47.5 1 033 439 594 231 363 61.0 1 863 765 1 098 496 602 54.8 Grade 12/Std 10 1 397 200 1 197 676 521 43.5 1 531 300 1 231 508 723 58.7 2 928 500 2 428 1 184 1 243 51.2 NTC I - NTC III 56 19 37 23 14 37 30 * 22 * 12 55.3 86 28 59 33 26 43.5 Diploma/certificate with Std 9 or lower 48 * 43 33 * 23.3 56 * 50 34 16 31.3 104 11 93 67 26 27.6 Diploma/certificate with Std 10 252 15 237 179 58 24.4 384 28 357 250 107 30.0 637 43 594 429 165 27.7 Degree and higher 115 * 111 93 18 16.4 138 * 132 108 24 18.4 253 11 242 200 42 17.5 Other 14 * * * * 11.5 * * * * * 21.2 24 * 15 13 * 15.5 Unspecified 68 * 57 47 11 18.7 52 15 37 28 * 25.8 120 26 94 74 20 21.5 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Not economi- cally active Economically active Not economi- cally activeTotal 1 000 Economically active Highest level of education Female TotalMale Economically active Total Not economi- cally active Total 2. Population of working age 2.6 By highest level of education, sex and labour market status 2.6.2 Expanded definition of unemployment 2.6.2.2 Coloured Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total 1 187 256 931 721 210 22.5 1 399 469 930 627 303 32.6 2 586 725 1 861 1 348 513 27.5 None 54 14 40 35 * 12.1 64 29 35 20 15 42.6 118 43 75 55 20 26.5 Grade 0 to grade 3/ Std 1 43 * 33 28 * 13.7 52 23 29 22 * 24.8 95 33 62 50 12 18.9 Grade 4/Std 2 29 * 24 18 * 26.5 44 21 23 15 * 32.6 73 26 47 33 14 29.5 Grade 5/Std 3 46 * 37 27 * 27.7 68 29 39 24 16 40.1 114 37 77 50 26 34.1 Grade 6/Std 4 83 18 65 46 18 28.4 93 34 59 39 20 34.4 176 52 124 85 39 31.3 Grade 7/Std 5 117 30 87 66 21 24.3 149 59 89 60 29 32.6 265 89 176 126 50 28.5 Grade 8/Std 6 157 43 113 81 32 28.3 177 79 99 62 36 36.8 334 122 212 143 68 32.3 Grade 9/Std 7 126 36 90 65 25 28.2 146 55 91 55 36 39.7 271 91 181 119 61 34.0 Grade 10/Std 8 148 34 114 86 28 24.3 179 52 127 81 45 35.7 326 86 240 167 73 30.3 Grade 11/Std 9 80 21 59 44 15 26.1 85 31 54 36 18 33.4 165 52 113 80 34 29.6 Grade 12/Std 10 187 22 165 132 33 19.8 225 36 189 130 59 31.3 412 58 354 262 92 25.9 NTC I - NTC III 17 * 13 * * * * * * * - * 20 * 15 12 * 22 Diploma/certificate with Std 9 or lower 11 * * * * * 15 * 11 * * * 26 * 21 17 * 17.6 Diploma/certificate with Std 10 48 * 45 42 * 7.2 58 * 49 41 * 17.5 106 11 95 83 12 12.5 Degree and higher 28 * 25 24 * 3.8 29 * 25 24 * 4.4 57 * 49 47 * 4.1 Other * * - - - * * * - - - * * * - - - * Unspecified 14 * 11 * * * 12 * * * * * 26 * 19 16 * 17.1 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Highest level of education Female TotalMale Not economi- cally active Economically active Total Not economi- cally active Not economi- cally activeTotal Economically active 1 000 Total Economically active 2. Population of working age 2.6 By highest level of education, sex and labour market 2.6.2 Expanded definition of unemployment 2.6.2.3 Indian/Asian Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total 398 90 309 260 49 15.9 408 195 213 157 56 26.4 806 284 521 416 105 20.2 None * * * * - * 17 14 * * - * 21 18 * * - * Grade 0 to grade 3/ Std 1 * - * * - * * * * - * * * * * * * * Grade 4/Std 2 * * * - * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Grade 5/Std 3 * * * * - * * * * * * * 11 * * * * * Grade 6/Std 4 * * * * * * 17 13 * * * * 24 16 * * * * Grade 7/Std 5 11 * * * * * 17 * * * * * 28 14 14 11 * 22.5 Grade 8/Std 6 28 * 19 17 * 11.4 49 34 15 * * * 77 43 34 24 * 28.7 Grade 9/Std 7 25 * 15 13 * 13.6 24 16 * * * * 50 27 23 18 * 23.0 Grade 10/Std 8 47 16 31 24 * 24.8 46 26 20 14 * 30.3 93 42 51 37 14 26.9 Grade 11/Std 9 44 12 32 28 * 13.7 40 21 19 11 * 41.4 83 32 51 39 12 24.0 Grade 12/Std 10 139 18 120 101 19 15.7 119 39 79 58 21 27.0 258 58 200 160 40 20.2 NTC I - NTC III * * - - - - * * - - - - * * - - - - Diploma/certificate with Std 9 or lower * * * * * * * - * * - * 12 * 11 11 * 4.7 Diploma/certificate with Std 10 39 * 35 31 * 11.7 24 * 22 18 * 20.3 62 * 57 48 * 15.0 Degree and higher 31 * 27 24 * 9.1 30 * 26 24 * 5.6 61 * 53 49 * 7.4 Other * * * * * * * - * * - * * * * * * * Unspecified * * - - - * * - * * - * * * * * - * * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Total Not economi- cally active Economically active Total 1 000 Not economi- cally active Economically active Highest level of education Female TotalMale Economically active Total Not economi- cally active 2. Population of working age 2.7 By whether they have been trained in any skills useful for work, sex and labour market status 2.7.2 Expanded definition of unemployment Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total Workers Unem- ployed Rate Total 12 714 3 494 9 220 6 381 2 839 30.8 14 177 5 127 9 050 5 331 3 719 41.1 26 894 8 623 18 272 11 712 6 559 35.9 Has been trained 1 871 131 1 740 1 429 312 17.9 1 360 177 1 183 892 291 24.6 3 231 308 2 923 2 320 603 20.6 Has not been trained 10 582 3 269 7 313 4 850 2 463 33.7 12 532 4 827 7 705 4 352 3 353 43.5 23 116 8 097 15 019 9 202 5 818 38.7 Don't know 220 80 140 84 56 40.2 239 103 135 69 66 48.8 459 183 276 153 122 44.3 Unspecified 42 15 27 18 * 31.0 46 20 27 18 * 32.0 88 35 53 37 17 31.5 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates 1 000 Economically activeNot economi- cally active Economically active TotalFemale Total Total Not economi- cally active Training in skills useful for work Male Total Not economi- cally active Economically active 3. Workers (employers, employees and self-employed) 3.1 By main industry and sector Main industry Formal Informal Domestic Unspecified Total Total 7 509 2 898 999 306 11 712 Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing 667 965 - 63 1 694 Mining and quarrying 514 10 - * 531 Manufacturing 1 314 234 - 28 1 576 Electricity, gas and water supply 79 * - * 82 Construction 348 254 - 36 639 Wholesale and retail trade 1 442 932 - 52 2 426 Transport, storage and communication 432 98 - 21 551 Financial intermediation, insurance, real estate and business services 860 49 - 19 928 Community, social and personal services 1 775 170 - 49 1 994 Private households with employed persons 27 173 999 * 1 205 Exterior organisations and foreign government * - - - * Other activities not adequately defined 29 * - * 33 Unspecified 19 * - 23 49 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates 1 000 3. Workers (employers, employees and self-employed) 3.2 By main occupation and sector Main occupation Formal Informal Domestic Unspecified Total Total 7 509 2 898 999 306 11 712 Legislators, senior officials and managers 486 65 - * 558 Professionals 498 20 - 14 532 Technical and associate professionals 961 92 - 20 1 073 Clerks 984 37 - 29 1 050 Service workers and shop and market sales workers 993 382 - 38 1 413 Skilled agricultural and fishery workers 174 860 - 40 1 074 Craft and related trades workers 988 486 - 49 1 523 Plant and machine operators and assemblers 982 134 - 25 1 142 Elementary occupation 1 421 815 - 62 2 299 Domestic workers - - 999 - 999 Occupation not adequately defined 10 * - - 11 Unspecified 12 * - 21 38 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates 1 000 3. Workers (employers, employees and self-employed) 3.4 By main industry, population group and sex 3.4.2 Formal sector Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total 4 328 2 838 1 490 1 038 582 456 376 236 139 1 744 993 751 7 509 4 665 2 843 Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing 439 287 152 162 114 48 * * - 64 49 15 667 452 215 Mining and quarrying 416 408 * 11 10 * - - - 85 77 * 514 497 17 Manufacturing 746 505 241 234 125 110 106 71 35 224 156 67 1 314 860 454 Electricity, gas and water supply 50 40 * * * * * * * 20 17 * 79 63 16 Construction 234 221 13 55 51 * 10 10 - 49 41 * 348 323 25 Wholesale and retail trade 766 417 349 204 92 112 120 84 36 345 192 154 1 442 787 654 Transport, storage and communication 244 221 23 48 37 11 22 18 * 117 78 39 432 355 77 Financial intermediation, insurance, real estate and business services 336 221 114 97 48 49 43 19 24 378 208 170 860 502 358 Community, social and personal services 1 051 485 566 211 97 114 70 30 40 439 161 278 1 775 774 1 001 Private households with employed persons 24 18 * * * * - - - - - - 27 21 * Exterior organisations and foreign government * * * * * - - - - - - - * * * Other activities not adequately defined 10 * * * * * * * - 14 * * 29 19 11 Unspecified 10 * * - - - - - - * * * 19 * 10 * For values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Totals include other and unspecified population groups 1 000 White Main industry TotalAfrican Coloured Indian/Asian 3. Workers (employers, employees and self-employed) 3.4 By main industry, population group and gender 3.4.3 Informal sector Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total 2 548 1 276 1 272 183 118 64 30 19 10 132 72 60 2 898 1 491 1 407 Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing 909 388 521 39 28 11 * * * 14 10 * 965 427 538 Mining and quarrying * * * * * - * - * - - - 10 * * Manufacturing 188 84 104 24 * 15 * * * 19 * 11 234 103 131 Electricity, gas and water supply * * - - - - - - - - - - * * - Construction 213 196 17 24 24 - * * - 13 11 * 254 235 20 Wholesale and retail trade 817 306 511 55 31 24 19 13 * 38 25 13 932 377 555 Transport, storage and communication 90 86 * * * - * * - * * - 98 94 * Financial intermediation, insurance, real estate and business services 29 21 * * * * * * - 15 * * 49 32 17 Community, social and personal services 134 59 75 * * * * * * 27 * 19 170 70 100 Private households with employed persons 151 124 27 20 14 * - - - * * * 173 139 34 Other activities not adequately defined * * - - - - - - - * - * * * * Unspecified * * * * - * - - - - - - * * * * For values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Totals include other and unspecified population groups 1 000 White Main industry TotalAfrican Coloured Indian/Asian 3. Workers (employers, employees and self-employed) 3.5 By monthly income and sector Monthly income Formal Informal Domestic Unspecified Total Total 7 509 2 898 999 306 11 712 None 221 869 19 81 1 190 R1 - R500 752 944 630 52 2 378 R501 - R1000 1 080 521 277 55 1 933 R1001 - R2500 2 472 357 65 52 2 946 R2501 - R8000 2 231 148 * 50 2 435 R8001+ 600 30 - * 637 Don't know/Refused 149 29 * * 189 Unspecified * - * - * * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates 1 000 3. Workers (employers, employees and self-employed) 3.7 By their highest level of education and monthly income (1000) 3.7.2 African Total 1051 2101 1596 2071 1010 108 40 7977 None 144 363 139 121 30 * * 803 Grade 0 to grade 3/std 1 95 188 107 101 12 * * 508 Grade 4/std 2 57 135 84 78 20 * * 377 Grade 5/std 3 74 164 91 97 20 * * 451 Grade 6/std 4 86 175 119 115 24 * * 524 Grade 7/std 5 104 234 158 189 34 * * 725 Grade 8/std 6 109 215 181 236 57 * * 807 Grade 9/std 7 82 141 145 164 33 * * 569 Grade 10/std 8 89 152 166 230 69 * * 715 Grade 11/std 9 68 115 122 143 43 * * 496 Grade 12/std 10 99 170 228 434 233 15 * 1184 NTC I-III * * * * 12 * * 33 Diploma/certificate with std 9 or lower * * * 14 35 * - 67 Diploma/certificate with std 10 21 17 22 90 261 16 * 429 Degree and higher * * * 19 119 41 * 200 Other * * * * * * - 13 Unspecified * 17 21 27 * - * 74 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Highest level of education None R1-R500 R501-R1000 TotalR1001-R2500 R2501-R8000 R8001 or more Unspecified 3. Workers (employers, employees and self-employed) 3.7 By their highest level of education and monthly income (1000) 3.7.3 Coloured Total 35 224 256 456 316 39 22 1348 None * 26 16 * * - * 55 Grade 0 to grade 3/std 1 - 20 18 10 * - * 50 Grade 4/std 2 * 13 10 * * - - 33 Grade 5/std 3 * 16 18 12 * * * 50 Grade 6/std 4 * 27 22 29 * - * 85 Grade 7/std 5 * 39 36 40 * * * 126 Grade 8/std 6 * 24 31 57 22 * * 143 Grade 9/std 7 * 16 31 47 18 * * 119 Grade 10/std 8 * 18 25 76 39 * * 167 Grade 11/std 9 * * 15 31 23 * * 80 Grade 12/std 10 * 15 27 100 103 * * 262 NTC I-III - * * * * * - 12 Diploma/certificate with std 9 or lower * * - * 11 * * 17 Diploma/certificate with std 10 * * * 16 50 * * 83 Degree and higher * * - * 25 17 - 47 Other - - * - - - - * Unspecified - * * 10 * - * 16 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Highest level of education None R1-R500 R501-R1000 TotalR1001-R2500 R2501-R8000 R8001 or more Unspecified 3. Workers (employers, employees and self-employed) 3.7 By highest level of education and monthly income 3.7.4 Indian/Asian Level of education None R1 - R500 R501 - R1 000 R1 001 - R2 500 R2 501 - R8 000 R8 001 or more Unspecified Total Total 22 20 34 133 169 29 10 416 None - * * * * - - * Grade 0 to grade 3/ Std 1 - - * * - - - * Grade 4/Std 2 - * - - - - - * Grade 5/Std 3 - * * - * - - * Grade 6/Std 4 * * * * - - - * Grade 7/Std 5 * - * * * - - 11 Grade 8/Std 6 - * * 11 * * * 24 Grade 9/Std 7 * * * * * - - 18 Grade 10/Std 8 * * * 13 16 * - 37 Grade 11/Std 9 * * * 15 13 * - 39 Grade 12/Std 10 * * 12 59 66 * * 160 NTC I - - - - - - - - Diploma/certificate with Std 9 or lower * - * * * - - 11 Diploma/certificate with Std 10 * * * 11 25 * - 48 Degree and higher * * * * 28 12 * 49 Other - - - * * - - * Unspecified - - * - - - * * * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates 1 000 3. Workers (employers, employees and self-employed) 3.9 By main industry and monthly income Main industry None R1 - R500 R501 - R1 000 R1 001 - R2 500 R2 501 - R8 000 R8 001 or more Unspecified Total Total 1 190 2 378 1 933 2 946 2 435 637 193 11 712 Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing 775 522 239 84 46 18 11 1 694 Mining and quarrying 23 12 40 292 123 37 * 531 Manufacturing 44 201 271 613 329 97 20 1 576 Electricity, gas and water supply * * * 25 31 11 * 82 Construction 29 128 176 189 83 27 * 639 Wholesale and retail trade 166 563 514 685 356 100 43 2 426 Transport, storage and communication 12 26 83 183 180 46 20 551 Financial intermediation, insurance, real estate and business services 21 39 98 263 308 162 38 928 Community, social and personal services 61 124 169 510 962 132 36 1 994 Private households with employed persons 30 752 328 84 * - * 1 205 Exterior organisations and foreign government * - * * - * - * Other activities not adequately defined * * * 12 * * * 33 Unspecified 25 * * * * * * 49 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates 1 000 3. Workers (employers, employees and self-employed) 3.10 By main occupation and monthly income Main occupation None R1 - R500 R501 - R1 000 R1 001 - R2 500 R2 501 - R8 000 R8 001 or more Unspecified Total Total 1 190 2 378 1 933 2 946 2 435 637 193 11 712 Legislators, senior officials and managers 21 17 18 52 225 197 29 558 Professionals 13 * * 41 280 163 21 532 Technical and associate professionals 31 47 62 204 585 108 35 1 073 Clerks 36 46 101 351 453 30 31 1 050 Service workers and shop and market sales workers 105 247 271 461 273 32 24 1 413 Skilled agricultural and fishery workers 657 209 99 63 23 11 11 1 074 Craft and related trades workers 59 253 298 557 276 62 18 1 523 Plant and machine operators and assemblers 29 119 213 560 195 14 10 1 142 Elementary occupation 193 802 583 585 110 15 11 2 299 Domestic workers 19 630 277 65 * - * 999 Occupation not adequately defined * - * * * * * 11 Unspecified 25 * * * * * * 38 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates 1 000 3 Workers (employers, employees and self-employed) 3.11 By employment status and sector Employment status Formal Informal Domestic worker Unspecified Total Total Total 7 509 2 898 999 306 11 712 Working for someone else 6 926 735 391 202 8 254 Working for one or more private households as a domestic employee, gardener or security guard 56 145 605 * 812 Working on his/her own small farm/plot or collecting natural products from the forest or sea 75 950 * 33 1 059 Working on his/her own or with a partner, in any type of business (including commercial farms) 410 960 * 38 1 409 Helping without pay in a family business 40 108 - * 155 Unspecified * * * 19 22 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates 1 000 3. Workers (employers, employees and self-employed) 3.11 By employment status, population group and sex 3.11.1 Formal sector Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total 4 328 2 838 1 490 1 038 582 456 376 236 139 1 744 993 751 7 509 4 665 2 843 Working for someone else for pay 4 092 2 700 1 391 1 008 559 448 330 204 126 1 480 803 677 6 926 4 278 2 647 Working for one or more private households as a domestic employee, gardener or security guard 46 29 17 * * * - - - * * * 56 36 19 Working on his/her own or on a small family farm/plot or collecting natural products from the forest or sea 36 17 20 * * * * * * 29 18 11 75 43 33 Working on his/her own or with a partner, in any type of business (including commercial farms) 131 82 49 18 15 * 33 25 * 223 165 58 410 291 120 Helping without pay in a family business 22 * 13 * - * * * * * * * 40 16 24 Unspecified * * - - - - - - - - - - * * - * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Totals include other and unspecified population groups 1 000 White Employment status TotalAfrican Coloured Indian/Asian 3. Workers (employers, employees and self-employed) 3.11 By employment status, population group and sex 3.11.2 Informal sector Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total 2 548 1 276 1 272 183 118 64 30 19 10 132 72 60 2 898 1 491 1 407 Working for someone else for pay 579 422 157 100 71 29 * * * 45 28 17 735 530 205 Working for one or more private households as a domestic employee, gardener or security guard 132 107 25 11 * * - - - * - * 145 116 28 Working on his/her own or on a small family farm/plot or collecting natural products from the forest or sea 920 356 564 13 * * * * * 12 * * 950 373 576 Working on his/her own or with a partner, in any type of business (including commercial farms) 821 352 468 53 27 26 16 10 * 70 37 34 960 426 534 Helping without pay in a family business 95 38 57 * * * * * * * * * 108 45 63 Unspecified * - - - - - - - - - - - * - * * For all values of 10 000 and lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Totals include other and unspecified population groups Informal sector excludes domestic workers 1 000 White Employment status TotalAfrican Coloured Indian/Asian 3. Workers (employers, employees and self-employed) 3.12 Conditions of work of employees 3.12.1 By main industry and whether they have written contract with the employer Yes No Unspecified Total Total 5 021 3 743 326 9 089 Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing 276 505 21 802 Mining and quarrying 464 59 * 529 Manufacturing 892 416 57 1 365 Electricity, gas and water supply 66 14 * 81 Construction 161 316 28 505 Wholesale and retail trade 723 600 66 1 390 Transport, storage and communication 274 177 18 469 Financial intermediation, insurance, real estate and business services 613 193 30 836 Community, social and personal services 1 388 411 48 1 847 Private households with employed persons 128 1 036 28 1 192 Exterior organisations and foreign government * - - * Other activities not adequately defined 21 * * 28 Unspecified 11 * 22 42 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Table excludes employers, self-employees and those working without pay Main industry Whether person has a written contract with his/her employer 1 000 3. Workers (employers, employees and self-employed) 3.12 Conditions of work of employees 3.12.4 By main industry and trade union membership Yes No Unspecified Total Total 2 704 6 013 373 9 089 Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing 70 719 13 802 Mining and quarrying 370 150 10 529 Manufacturing 521 779 65 1 365 Electricity, gas and water supply 36 43 * 81 Construction 60 420 26 505 Wholesale and retail trade 255 1 061 74 1 390 Transport, storage and communication 157 290 21 469 Financial intermediation, insurance, real estate and business services 156 633 48 836 Community, social and personal services 1 050 722 74 1 847 Private households with employed persons 17 1 156 19 1 192 Exterior organisations and foreign government * * - * Not elsewhere classified - - - - Other activities not adequately defined * 20 * 28 Unspecified * 16 21 42 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Table excludes employers, self-employed and those working without pay Main industry Trade union membership 1 000 3. Workers (employers, employees and self-employed) 3.12 Conditions of work of employees 3.12.5 By main industry and contribution towards medical aid fund/ health insurance For employee only For employee and dependants No medical aid benefits provided Unspecified Total Total 1 097 1 313 6 456 222 9 089 Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing 24 16 747 16 802 Mining and quarrying 82 81 358 * 529 Manufacturing 168 196 968 33 1 365 Electricity, gas and water supply 17 22 40 * 81 Construction 20 27 445 13 505 Wholesale and retail trade 109 136 1 112 34 1 390 Transport, storage and communication 80 94 288 * 469 Financial intermediation, insurance, real estate and business services 157 176 476 26 836 Community, social and personal services 425 541 842 39 1 847 Private households with employed persons * 13 1 154 20 1 192 Exterior organisations and foreign government * * * - * Not elsewhere classified - - - - - Other activities not adequately defined * * 13 * 28 Unspecified * * 12 22 42 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Table excludes employers, self-employed and those working without pay Main industry Contribution towards medical aid fund/ health insurance 1 000 3. Workers (employers, employees and self-employed) 3.13 By main industry and provision for, or contribution towards, medical aid fund/ health insurance 3.13.1 Formal sector For worker only For worker and dependants No medical aid benefits provided Unspecified Total Total 1 099 1 347 4 921 143 7 509 Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing 24 28 605 10 667 Mining and quarrying 81 81 344 * 514 Manufacturing 164 197 923 30 1 314 Electricity, gas and water supply 17 22 38 * 79 Construction 20 31 290 * 348 Wholesale and retail trade 115 167 1 132 27 1 442 Transport, storage and communication 81 89 257 * 432 Financial intermediation, insurance, real estate and business services 168 190 478 24 860 Community, social and personal services 416 529 804 27 1 775 Private households with employed persons - - 26 * 27 Exterior organisations and foreign government * * * - * Not elsewhere classified - - - - - Other activities not adequately defined * * 13 * 29 Unspecified * * * * 19 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Main industry Provision for or contribution towards medical aid fund/ health insurance 1 000 3. Workers (employers, employees and self-employed) 3.14 By main industry and location of business/enterprise/branch 3.14.2 Informal sector In the owner's home In someone else's home Inside formal business premises such as a factory or office At a service outlet such as a shop, school, post office, etc At a market On a footpath, street, street corner, open space of field No fixed location Other Total Total 1 839 204 98 73 37 155 469 24 2 898 Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing 845 30 * * * 37 38 * 965 Mining and quarrying * - * - - * * - 10 Manufacturing 161 12 23 * * * 22 * 234 Electricity, gas and water supply - - - - - - * - * Construction 54 46 * * - * 141 * 254 Wholesale and retail trade 550 30 25 35 26 84 174 * 932 Transport, storage and communication 25 * * * * * 45 * 98 Financial intermediation, insurance, real estate and business services 21 * * * * * 11 - 49 Community, social and personal services 83 11 15 26 * 10 17 * 170 Private households with employed persons 92 61 * - - * 18 - 173 Exterior organisations and foreign government - - - - - - - - - Not elsewhere classified - - - - - - - - - Other activities not adequately defined * - - - - - - - * Unspecified * * - - - * - - * * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Main industry Location of business/enterprise/branch 1 000 3. Workers (employees, employers and self-employed) 3.15 By main industry and number of regular workers in the organisation/business/enterprise/branch 1 2 - 4 5 - 9 10 - 19 20 - 49 50 or more Unspecified Total Total 2 373 1 975 1 312 1 312 1 402 2 822 515 11 712 Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing 373 508 220 168 179 212 34 1 694 Mining and quarrying * 37 56 45 28 340 20 531 Manufacturing 151 105 113 183 227 701 96 1 576 Electricity, gas and water supply * * * 12 13 40 3 82 Construction 69 161 95 104 89 93 28 639 Wholesale and retail trade 651 517 373 293 219 277 96 2 426 Transport, storage and communication 77 79 57 46 58 195 38 551 Financial intermediation, insurance, real estate and business services 50 97 112 133 162 320 55 928 Community, social and personal services 131 203 231 296 408 619 107 1 994 Private households with employed persons 857 255 40 25 12 * 10 1 205 Exterior organisations and foreign government - * - * * * - * Not elsewhere classified - - - - - - - - Other activities not adequately defined * * * * * 11 * 33 Unspecified * * * * * * 24 49 * For all values of 10 000 or more the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Main industry Number of regular workers in the organisation/business/enterprise/branch 1 000 3. Workers (employers, employees and self-employed) 3.16 By main industry and whether their company or close corporation is registered Registered Not registered Unspecified Total Total 7 026 4 228 459 11 712 Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing 634 990 70 1 694 Mining and quarrying 511 15 * 531 Manufacturing 1 270 245 60 1 576 Electricity, gas and water supply 76 * * 82 Construction 333 266 40 639 Wholesale and retail trade 1 346 997 83 2 426 Transport, storage and communication 418 108 25 551 Financial intermediation, insurance, real estate and business services 844 59 25 928 Community, social and personal services 1 463 449 83 1 994 Private households with employed persons 85 1 080 40 1 205 Exterior organisations and foreign government * - - * Not elsewhere classified - - - - Other activities not adequately defined 25 * * 33 Unspecified 16 * 24 49 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Main industry Whether company or close corporation is registered 1 000 4. The unemployed 4.1 By type of area, age, population group and sex 4.1.2 Expanded definition of unemployment Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female RSA Total 5 757 2 508 3 248 513 210 303 105 49 56 177 70 107 6 559 2 839 3 719 15-24 1 783 832 951 210 86 125 39 20 19 59 31 28 2 092 968 1 124 25-34 2 367 968 1 399 160 64 96 27 * 19 39 * 29 2 597 1 050 1 547 35-44 1 040 436 603 95 34 61 24 11 14 37 14 23 1 199 495 702 45-54 448 211 237 36 19 17 11 * * 31 * 22 526 247 279 55+ 118 61 58 11 * * * * * 11 * * 146 78 67 Urban Total 3 088 1 343 1 743 455 190 265 103 47 55 166 65 100 3 818 1 648 2 169 15-24 861 397 464 183 74 109 38 19 19 57 30 27 1 140 520 620 25-34 1 318 538 780 143 58 85 26 * 19 33 * 24 1 524 614 911 35-44 611 260 350 86 33 53 24 * 14 36 14 22 757 317 439 45-54 240 118 122 33 18 15 11 * * 31 * 22 315 152 162 55+ 57 30 28 * * * * * * * * * 82 45 36 Non-urban Total 2 669 1 165 1 504 58 20 38 * * * 11 * * 2 741 1 191 1 550 15-24 921 435 487 27 12 16 * * - * * * 952 449 503 25-34 1 049 430 619 17 6 11 * - * * * * 1 073 437 636 35-44 430 176 254 * * * * * - * * * 442 179 263 45-54 208 93 115 * * * - - - - - - 211 94 117 55+ 61 31 30 * - * - - - * * - 64 33 31 * For all values of 10 000 or more the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Totals include other and unspecified population groups 1 000 TotalWhite Type of area and age group African Coloured Indian/Asian 4. The unemployed 4.2 By length of time seeking employment, age and whether they have worked before Total Worked before Never worked Total Worked before Never worked Total Worked before Never worked Total Worked before Never worked Less than a month 120 37 84 72 49 23 14 * * 206 96 110 1 month to less than 6 months 264 125 139 110 94 16 23 21 * 397 239 157 6 months to less than 1 year 464 130 333 164 123 41 32 29 * 659 281 377 1 year to less than 3 years 816 211 604 330 245 85 66 59 * 1 212 514 696 3 years or more 705 164 540 643 364 277 147 117 29 1 495 645 846 Don't know 13 - 12 * * * * * * 27 * 20 Total 2 382 666 1 712 1 328 879 448 286 238 47 3 996 1 783 2 206 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Totals exclude unspecified period of job seeking and whether a person has worked before 1 000 Total Duration of job seeking 15-30 years 31-46 years 47-65 years 4. The unemployed 4.3 Unemployed persons who have worked before by length of time since they last worked and previous industry 4.3.1 Official definition of unemployment Length of time since last worked Agricultur e, hunting and forestry Minin g Manufacturi ng Electricity , gas and water Constructio n Wholesal e and retail trade Transport, storage and communicatio n Finance and busines s services Communit y, social and personal services Private household s Exterior organisatio ns and foreign government Other Unspecifie d Total Total 119 76 355 15 164 411 81 121 173 278 * * 19 1 821 1 week to less than 1 month * - * - * 16 * * * * - - * 56 1 month to less than 6 months 28 * 36 * 24 51 * 15 19 31 - * - 223 6 months to less than 1 year 18 * 47 * 21 49 11 16 22 25 - * - 217 1 year to less than 2 years 24 * 55 * 32 75 20 26 26 46 - * * 318 2 years to less than 3 years 14 13 49 * 23 54 * 18 26 43 - - * 256 3 years or more 28 44 146 * 48 144 24 32 64 106 - * * 649 Don't know - - * - - * - - - * - - * * Unspecified 4 3 16 * * 21 * * * 16 * - * 93 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates 1 000 4. The unemployed 4.4 Unemployed persons who have worked before by length of time since they have last worked and previous occupation 4.4.2 Expanded definition of unemployment Length of time since last worked Legislators, senior officials and managers Professional s Technicians and associate professionals Clerks Service workers and shop and market sales workers Skilled agricultural and fishery workers Craft and related trades workers Plant and machine operators and assemblers Elementary occupations Domestic workers Occupation not adequately defined Unspecifie d Total Total 30 24 109 235 372 53 404 288 1 132 - * 22 2 674 1 week to less than 1 month * * * * * * 14 * 36 - - - 74 1 month to less than 6 months * * 11 22 45 * 44 22 144 - * * 303 6 months to less than 1 year * * 15 27 42 * 52 28 127 - * - 303 1 year to less than 2 years * * 23 48 68 * 69 50 182 - - * 461 2 years to less than 3 years * * 17 33 57 * 52 38 163 - - * 378 3 years or more 12 * 35 88 132 23 155 133 418 - * * 1 009 Don't know - - - * - * * - * - - * * Unspecified * * * 12 19 * 19 14 55 - - * 135 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates 1 000 4 The unemployed 4.5 Unemployed persons who have worked before by length of time since they last worked and age N (1000) % N (1000) % N (1000) % N (1000) % Total 685 100.0 891 100.0 245 100.0 1 821 100.0 1 week to less than 1 month 31 4.5 22 2.5 * * 56 3.1 1 month to less than 6 months 132 19.3 75 8.4 17 6.8 223 12.3 6 months to less than 1 year 111 16.2 90 10.1 17 6.8 217 11.9 1 year to less than 2 years 146 21.3 138 15.5 33 13.7 318 17.4 2 years to less than 3 years 92 13.4 137 15.4 27 11.0 256 14.1 3 years or more 136 19.9 378 42.4 135 55.1 649 35.6 Don't know * * * * * * * * Unspecified 35 5.2 47 5.3 11 4.3 93 5.1 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates 1 000 Total Duration since last worked 15-30 years 31-46 years 47-65 years 4. The unemployed 4.6 Unemployed persons who never worked before, by length of time they have been seeking employment and age N (1 000) % N (1 000) % N (1 000) % N (1 000) % Total 1 747 100.0 460 100.0 47 100.0 2 254 100.0 Less than a month 84 4.8 23 5.0 * * 110 4.9 1 month to less than 6 months 139 8.0 16 3.5 * * 157 7.0 6 months to less than 1 year 333 19.1 41 8.9 * * 377 16.7 1 year to less than 3 years 604 34.6 85 18.4 * * 696 30.9 3 years or more 540 30.9 277 60.3 29 62.2 846 37.6 Don't know 12 0.7 * * * * 20 0.9 Unspecified 35 2.0 12 2.6 * * 47 2.1 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates 1 000 Total Period of job seeking 15-30 years 31-46 years 47-65 years 4. The unemployed 4.8 Unemployed persons with degrees, diplomas and certificates by field of study and sex 4.8.1 Official definition of unemployment Field of study Male Female Total Total 112 137 249 Communication studies and language * * * Education, training and development 20 35 54 Manufacturing, engineering and technology 16 * 21 Human and social studies * * * Law, military science and security * * * Health sciences and social services * * 12 Agriculture and nature conservation - * * Culture and arts * * * Business, commerce and management studies 19 46 65 Physical, mathematical, computer and life sciences 11 13 24 Services * * * Physical planning and construction * - * Don't know - - * Unspecified 22 14 36 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates 1 000 4. The unemployed 4.8 Unemployed persons with degrees, diplomas and certificates by field of study and sex 4.8.2 Expanded definition of unemployment Field of study Male Female Total Total 133 198 330 Communication studies and language * * * Education, training and development 24 52 76 Manufacturing, engineering and technology 20 * 26 Human and social studies * * * Law, military science and security * * * Health sciences and social services * 13 17 Agriculture and nature conservation * * * Culture and arts * * * Business, commerce and management studies 23 59 82 Physical, mathematical, computer and life sciences 12 20 32 Services * * * Physical planning and construction * - * Don't know * - * Unspecified 26 25 52 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates 1 000 4 The unemployed 4.9 Unemployed and not economically active population by reason for not working and sex 4.9.1 Official definition of unemployment Total Not economically active Unemploye d Total Not economically active Unemployed Total Not economically active Unemployed Total 6 333 4 395 1 938 8 846 6 702 2 144 15 182 11 100 4 082 Has found a job, but is only starting at a definite date in the future 24 - 24 25 - 25 49 - 49 Lack of skills or qualifications for available jobs 1 316 520 796 1 817 898 919 3 135 1 419 1 715 Scholar or student, prefers not to work 2 429 2 429 - 2 441 2 441 - 4 870 4 870 - Housewife/homemaker, prefers not to work 34 34 - 1 175 1 175 - 1 210 1 210 - Retired and prefers not to seek formal work 123 123 - 139 139 - 262 262 - Illness, invalid, disabled or unable to work 518 518 - 525 525 - 1 042 1 042 - Too young or too old to work 196 196 - 521 521 - 717 717 - Seasonal worker, e.g. fruit picker, wool-shearer 28 * 19 55 24 31 82 32 50 Cannot find suitable work (salary, location of work or conditions not satisfactory) 1 222 346 876 1 623 616 1 007 2 845 962 1 883 Contract worker, e.g. mine worker resting according to contract 21 * 14 * * * 30 11 19 Recently retrenched 161 53 108 81 35 46 242 88 154 Other reasons 207 107 100 365 254 111 572 361 211 Unspecified 55 55 - 70 70 - 125 125 - * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates 1 000 Total Reason for not for working Male Female 5 Econimic activities of the aged Type of activity and sex Involved in economic activity Not involved in economic activity Total Do any construction or major repair work on his/her own home, plot, cattle post or business or those of the family Total * 1 942 1 953 Male * 767 773 Female * 1 176 1 180 Catch any fish, prawns, shells, wild animals or other food for sale or family food Total * 1 947 1 953 Male * 769 773 Female - 1 178 1 180 Beg for money or food in public Total - 1 948 1 953 Male - 771 773 Female - 1 177 1 180 Involved in at least one activity except begging Total 276 1 677 1 953 Male 156 617 773 Female 120 1 060 1 180 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Totals include unspecified gender 5.1 Economically and not economically active population (66 years and above) by type of activity, gender and whether they were involved in the economic activities in the seven days prior to the survey 1 000 5. Economic activities of the aged Type of activity and population group Involved in economic activity Not involved in economic activity Total Run or do any kind of business, big or small for himself/herself Total 69 1 880 1 953 African 42 1 288 1 331 Coloured * 157 162 Indian/Asian * 51 52 White 23 380 404 Do any work for a wage, salary, commission or any payment in kind Total 68 1 880 1 953 African 41 1 290 1 331 Coloured * 152 162 Indian/Asian * 51 52 White 20 384 404 Do any work as a domestic worker for a wage, salary, or any payment in kind Total * 1 940 1 953 African * 1 322 1 331 Coloured - 158 162 Indian/Asian - 52 52 White - 404 404 Help unpaid in a family business of any kind Total * 1 944 1 953 African * 1 328 1 331 Coloured - 158 162 Indian/Asian - 52 52 White * 402 404 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Totals include other and unspecified population groups 5.2 Economically and not economically active population (66 years and above) by type of activity, population group and whether they were involved in the economic activities in the seven days prior to the survey 1 000 5 Economic activities of the aged Type of activity and population group Involved in economic activity Not involved in economic activity Total Do any work in his/her own or the family's plot, farm, food garden, cattle post or kraal or help in growing farm produce or in looking after animals for the household Total 140 1 808 1 953 African 134 1 197 1 331 Coloured * 157 162 Indian/Asian - 52 52 White * 398 404 Do any construction or major repair work on his/her own home, plot, cattle post or business or those of the family Total * 1 942 1 953 African * 1 326 1 331 Coloured - 158 162 Indian/Asian - 52 52 White * 402 404 Catch any fish, prawns, shells, wild animals or other food for sale or family food Total * 1 947 1 953 African * 1 330 1 331 Coloured - 158 162 Indian/Asian - 52 52 White * 403 404 Beg for money or food in public Total - 1 948 1 953 African - 1 330 1 331 Coloured - 158 162 Indian/Asian - 52 52 White - 404 404 Involved in at least one activity except begging Total 276 1 677 1 953 African 218 1 113 1 331 Coloured * 153 162 Indian/Asian * 49 52 White 46 358 404 * For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates Totals include other and unspecified population groups 5.2 Economically and not economically active population (66 years and above) by type of activity, population group and whether they were involved in the economic activities in the seven days prior to the survey 1 000