Lecture notes for first year, inorganic chemistry., Lecture notes of Inorganic Chemistry

Download Lecture notes for first year, inorganic chemistry. and more Lecture notes Inorganic Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity! CHEM/PE 151 B.Sc. Year 1 Inorganic Chemistry for Engineers $02 +H@ —> HESO, eo BY Carat acid Il 7) ee et)! CED + Lecturer: Dr Francis Opoku Office: 1st Floor, Chemistry Building Course Outline > Atomic structure, Qualitative wave mechanics > Periodic Table and Periodicity, Reactive Parameters > Chemical bonding: Ionic bond, covalent bond, Dative (coordinate) bond, Valence bond theory, Resonance, Multiple bond, Shapes of molecules, Bond strength, Bond energy, Polarity, Continuity of bonds. > Crystal structure, X-ray diffraction Atomic structure os) Learning Goals > Compute the atomic mass and mass number of an atom. > Identify the components of isotopes. > Interpret the average atomic mass of an element. s-block elements d-block elements p-block elements A Group Group Group Group Group Group Group Group Group Group Group Group Group Group Group Group Group Group 1 2 3 4 3 6 7 8 9 10 a 12 iE 14 15 16 7 18 1 H —F a Li Be | at 12 Na | Mg 19 20 21 22 23 ae 25 26 27 28 29 30 kK | Ca | Se | Ti Vv] Cr | Mn | fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn az 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 a 46 47 48 Rb sr | ¥ Zr Nb | Mo Te Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd 55 | 56 72 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 80 cs Ba HF Ta Ww Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg 87 88 104 | 105 | 106 | 107 | 108 | 109 | 110 |) 111 | 112 Fr Ra RE Db | 5g Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg | Uub fblock elements 

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*+, -*+ * . !& /'/01 20 2345467 34889"45:;7 <0/01  $& %  = $ ''%  #! $%  Subatomic Particles Electron Cloud: > Electrons orbit the nucleus. Nucleus or “Core”: i > Protons and Neutrons are found in the nucleus. Atomic Structure Atom: > Smallest particle of an element that has all the properties of that element. > Atoms are made of three particles: 1. Protons = positive 2. Neutrons = neutral 3. Electrons = negative > An atom is composed of a central nucleus surrounded by acloud of negatively charged electrons. >The protons and neutrons are in the center of the atom (the nucleus) >Electrons revolve around in a cloud around the nucleus (b) Electron cloud model What is the nucleus? >The central part of an atom. > Composed of protons and neutrons. >Contains most of an atom's mass. What is an electron? > Negatively charged particle. >Located in shells that surround an atom's nucleus. 

 
 
  
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  !"## $"%& '$" ($"%)*+$,+$ ",) $- ."(* $$""+ $+$ ( - ."/0 *1 $2*3!+ & Examples ¢ He has a mass number of 4 and an atomic number of 2 *pt=2 n° = 2e =2 ¢ Cl has a mass number of 35 and an atomic number of 17 °pt=17, n°= 18, e=17 What are the parts of the atom? 
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;5&"' !%-% "#'#;&#")#'%'% %-% ;)'&%)# @A /= Orbital Angular Momentum Quantum Number £ = O, 1, 2... (n-1) n = 1, 2, Suse n=3 f =0,1,2 n-1 /= Orbital Angular Momentum Quantum Number = f=1 bo Sctoke s orbital p orbitals /= Orbital Angular Momentum Quantum Number d orbitals m, = Magnetic Quantum Number m,= =f... f=2 m, = -2, -1, 0, 1, 2 m, = Magnetic Quantum Number Summary of Relationships Among the Quantum Numbers n, I, and m, Summary of Relationships among the Quantum Numbers n, €, m, Value of ¢ Subshell TABLE 7.1 Number of Orbitals Value of n Value of m, 1 0 0 Is 1 2 0 0 2s 1 1 -1,0,1 2p 3 3 0 0 3s 1 1 -1,0,1 3p 3 2 —2,;, 41 OA, 2 3d 5 4 0 0 4s 1 1 -1,0,1 4p 3 2 2, —1, 0,1, 2 4d 5 3 35 23 05 25 Bs 4f 7 
   !"#$ %& $'$'$'$( ) ! !*+"#$,#)- %& $( . /*0++ + !) !  %& "#)',#1'2,#1( $ !0++ + 3+.4 !- %& "( Self-study exercises 1. If m,has values of -1; 0; +1; write down the corresponding value of I. 2. If /has values 0, 1, 2 and 3, deduce the corresponding value of n. 3. For n= 1, what are the allowed values of / and m,? 4. Complete the following sets of quantum numbers: (a) n = 4,1=0, m,=.. (b)n=3,1=1,m,=... 
   
 
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