Lecture Slides for Exam - Urban Geography: A Global Perspective | GEOG 120, Study notes of Geography

Download Lecture Slides for Exam - Urban Geography: A Global Perspective | GEOG 120 and more Study notes Geography in PDF only on Docsity! 1 Racial segregation in 1980 and 1990: Index of segregation of blacks from all other groups, 10 Largest MSAs in 1990 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 New York Los Angeles-Long Beach Chicago Philadelphia Detroit Washington, D.C. Houston Nassau-Suffolk County Boston Atlanta Large MSAs Medium MSAs Small MSA Note: Index show s the proportion of black hosueholds that w ould have to change census tracts w ithin a metropolitan area in order to be distributed in the same manner as the comparative nonblack population. 1980 1990 Source: Data from U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, Series P-60. Reported in Fainstein, N. (1995) “Black Ghettoization and Social Mobility” in Smith, Michael Peter and Feagin, Joe, eds. The Bubbling Cauldron: Race, Ethnicity and the Urban Crisis (Berkeley: UC Press)., p. 129. Residential segregation Both personal choice and economic factors Family status/lifestyle Socio-economic status (class?) Housing markets especially important Also job/occupation Federal housing policy also important Race/Ethnicity Path dependent trends Share of workers earning poverty level hourly wages, U.S. 1973-2000 0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0% 60.0% Sour ce: Mishel , Ber nstein and Schmi tt (2001) State of Wor king Amer ica 2000-2001 (Ithaca: Cor nel l Univer si ty Pr ess) Hispanic women Hispanic men Black women Whit e women Black men Whit e men 2 Race and Income Structure, 1967-1991 Annual Household Income 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 <$15,000 $15-24,999 $25-49,999 $50-99,999 >$100,000 Constant 1991 dollars Pe rc en t o f t ot al Black 1967 Black 1991 White 1967 White 1991 Source: Data from U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, Series P-60. Reported in Fainstein, N. (1995) “Black Ghettoization and Social Mobility” in Smith, Michael Peter and Feagin, Joe, eds. The Bubbling Cauldron: Race, Ethnicity and the Urban Crisis (Berkeley: UC Press)., p. 127. Geographic Concentration of Poverty: Percentage Poor in Neighborhood of Poor Families by Race, 1980 0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% 30.0% 35.0% 40.0% Atlanta Baltimore Buffalo Chicago Cleveland Dallas-Ft. Worth Detroit Gary-Hammond-E. Chicago Indianapolis Kansas City Los Angeles-Long Beach Milwaukee New York Newark Philadelphia St. Louis So ur ce : M as se y, D . a nd D en to n, N . ( 19 93 ) A m er ic an A pa rth ei d: S eg re ga tio n an d th e M ak in g of th e U nd er cl as s (C am br id ge : H ar va rd U ni ve rs ity P re ss ) p . 1 29 Poor Black Family Poor White Family U.S. Ethnic Communities 1st wave of immigration, up to 1860 Western Europe • Irish—NY and Boston • Germans—Milwaukee • Swedes—Chicago Africa • Southern plantations 2nd wave, 1869-1924 Southern and Eastern Europe • Italian, Polish, Jewish—urban enclaves 3rd wave, 1960s+ Latin America Asia Ethnic segregation Dynamics of separation: Defensive Avoidance Protection Social action Characterizations of separation Colony Enclave Ghetto