Understanding Cognitive Development in Adolescents: Thought Processes & Theories - Prof. K, Study notes of Psychology

Download Understanding Cognitive Development in Adolescents: Thought Processes & Theories - Prof. K and more Study notes Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! Cognitive Development in Adolescents How do adol think: what do they think about, how do they process information, how do they use what they know? ◦Refers to thought processes and outcomes ◦Impacted by biology and environmental factors  http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=T9BbY69d wlQ ◦Shows significant changes from childhood to adolescence, and throughout adolescent period ◦3 major theories: Piaget, Vygotsky, Information Processing Cognition  Formal Operational Thought ◦ Likely to start developing around age 11 – 12 ◦ Main change is developing ability to think abstractly ◦ Use of hypothetico-deductive reasoning (logical- scientist)  Formal A: more hypothetical and assimilation  Formal B: more deductive and accommodation ◦ Start to use propositional thought (reasoning that uses abstract logic when there are no concrete examples): All As are Bs (premise) C is an A (premise) Therefore, C is a B. (conclusion)  Research suggests 40-60% of adults use formal operational thought consistently ◦Culturally dependent ◦Educationally influenced ◦Experientially impacted (use it more with that with which we are familiar)  Zone of Proximal Development ◦The level at which one can almost, but not fully, comprehend or perform a task without help ◦Range of tasks too hard to do independently, but capable of with guidance ◦Scaffolding  Support for learning and problem solving that encourages growth and independence  Assistance, clues, modeling, etc  Removed and changed as adol develops ◦Cooperative Learning  working together toward common goal  benefit from insights of others  Corrective feedback provided by group  Works best when group members have various levels of development for various parts of the tasks  Considers how the individual’s thought processes work and how to go about studying them  Focus on how we take in, use, and store info (attention, perception, thinking, memory)  Basic premis: cognitive development is gradual and continuous (not stage or spurt- like) Information Processing View Thinking in a social context ◦how do adolescents understand and make sense of themselves and others? Egocentrism ◦Imaginary Audience ◦Personal Fable Social Cognition Egocentrism Personal Fable