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01/24/2009
Energy Source Definitions Nonrenewable energy Energy source whose supply cannot renewed Coal, oil, natural gas Renewable energy Energy sources whose supply can be renewed Solar, wind, biomass Energy Consumption 50% of global energy production is consumed by the United States, China, Russia, Japan, and Germany Global Energy Usage (2003) 6%Hydropower 6%Nuclear 24%Natural Gas 27%Coal 37%Petroleum Global Energy Usage
Geothermal 0.2% Z/
Biofuels 0.2%
Solar photovoltaic 0.04%
f Available Renewable Sources
7.2 TW 32 TW
a a
Hydro Geothermal
870 TW 15 TW
im °
Global
Solar Wind Consumption
4 Renewable Energy Sources
Renewable Energy, end of 2006 (GW)
DLarge hydropower
i BW Biormass heating *
9.5 27
39°° 33" 6* Solar collectors for hot
45 0.4 water+heating (glazed) *
73 Wind turbines
0.3 1B Simall hydropower
DBiornass power
Ethanol production
(Geothermal heating*
770 | mceothermal power
Biodiesel production”
235° Soler PY, grid connected
DSolar PV, off-grid
Concentrating solar
thermal power (CSP)
*GWth Ocean (tidal) power
** billion liters/year
4
Nonrenewable Energy Sources
US Petroleum Imports
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration
World Oil Prices US Gasoline Prices
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration
|
3
i
i
4 US Natural Gas Consumption
4 Natural Gas Price History
US Coal Consumption Annual US Coal Consumption in Millions Tons (1980 to 2007) 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 19 80 19 82 19 84 19 86 19 88 19 90 19 92 19 94 19 96 19 98 20 00 20 02 20 04 20 06 Nuclear Energy Based on uranium as a fuel Controversial Safety (Three Mile Island, Chernobyl) Environmental Safe transport & disposal of fuels Environmental Issues Sulfurous Smog Called “London Smog” Caused by sulfurous oxides and particulate matter Sources – industrial & utility Occurs in the winter in cold, wet climates Photochemical Smog Occurs in urban areas in the summer Caused by ozone Formed by the reaction of nitrous oxides and VOC’s (Volatile Organic Compounds) in sunlight Sources are automobiles, utilities, manufacturing and refineries Smog Health Issues Affects lungs Linked to numerous respiratory illness Aggravates existing illnesses Global Warming Trapping of heat by gases in the earth’s atmosphere Effect: 0o F without heat trapping Greenhouse gases CO2, CH4, NOX Natural & man-made sources Links DOE -Energy Information Administration www.eia.doe.gov Michael Bluejay – Electrical Usage Calculator www.Michaelbluejay.com/electricity/index.html Pollution Calculator www.InfinitePower.org/calc_electric.htm Carbon Calculator www.InfinitePower.org/calc_carbon.htm
