Download Understanding Proteins and Amino Acids: Structure, Function, and Nutritional Implications and more Study notes Nutrition in PDF only on Docsity! Powerful Protein
(©) 1899 Wadsworth Publishing Companys ITP z
What are proteins? String of amino acids 20 common amino acids Amino acids are to proteins as Letters are to words Essential? Must be consumed in your diet Body cannot make these chemicals Out of the 20 amino acids, 9 are essential So what does that mean about “non-essential” amino acids? So, we make protein?? You eat protein foods (made up of amino acids or AAs) Inside your cells, cell machinery can change some the AAs into different AAs Or use the AAs that you ate To make the proteins that you need So when you need protein.. Cell machinery strings together the appropriate AAs If you are missing a non-essential AA, then what? If you are missing an essential AA, then what? 4 More Functions
=" Antibodies
= Fluid/Electrolyte balance
=" Acid/Base balance
=" Transport role-example?
f And sometimes...
Protein is used as an Energy Source
But only when carbs or fat are low o absent
How much Protein do we need? ~15% of total calories from protein RDA: 0.8 g/kg or 0.36 g/lb current weight Assuming enough fat and CHO for energy!! Single amino acids, the magic bullet!! True or False, certain amino acids helps to: Build muscle Grow strong fingernails Cure herpes infections In some people, 3g/d or less of lysine Sleep better In some people, tryptophan (beware of rare blood disorder) Lose weight Relieve depression In some people, tryptophan (beware of rare blood disorder) Taking excessive amino acids for these conditions runs the risk of… Problems with absorption of amino acids leading to deficiencies Treating something ineffectively and doing more harm than good Protein Deficiency Is it a problem in US? World? Poverty—60% of world under $2000/year U.S.---11 million kids under age 12 hunger/poverty U.S.---elderly on fixed income Vegetarians Come in All Types Vegans Lacto-ovo- vegetarians Lacto- vegetarians Junk food vegetarians Two Types of Proteins in Foods Complete Has all the essential amino acids Incomplete Missing one or more essential amino acids Food Sources of Complete Proteins ANY food that comes from an animal + SOY Health Benefits for Vegetarians 2 X dietary fiber than average diet Low in Sat Fat and Cholesterol Generally Lower in Calories = Lower risk of cancer, heart disease and obesity Which Vegetarians Have Special Needs? Children who are GROWING From babies to teens Pregnant and breastfeeding moms How About Vegetarian
+ Athletes?
