Terminology and Concepts in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Quizzes of Biology of microorganisms

Download Terminology and Concepts in Clinical Laboratory Sciences and more Quizzes Biology of microorganisms in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 acute care DEFINITION 1 health care delivered in a hospital setting that is associated with a hospital stay of usually less than 30 days TERM 2 aliquot DEFINITION 2 a portion of a blood sample that has been removed/seperated from the primary specimen tube. TERM 3 ambulatory care DEFINITION 3 health care services that are delivered in an outpatient, or nonhospital, setting. It implies that the patients are able to ambulate, or walk to the clinic to receive their services. TERM 4 American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science (ASCLS) DEFINITION 4 professtional organization for laboratory personnel that provides continuing education and conference activities. TERM 5 American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP) DEFINITION 5 professfional organization that certifies many types of laboratory personnel based on their passing a certification examination, ASCP offers clinical and research conferences, many types of continuing education activities, and ongoing certification programs. TERM 6 anatomic pathology DEFINITION 6 major area of laboratory services whereby autopsies are performed and cytology procedures and surgical biopsy tissues are analyzed. TERM 7 Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) DEFINITION 7 Federal agency that oversees financing and regulation of the health care industry. CMS is responsible for Medicare, Medicaid, HIPAA, and CLIA. This includes oversight or clinical laboratories. TERM 8 clinical decisions DEFINITION 8 decisions made by physicians based on medical standards of practice, diagnostic testing (e.g., laboratory tests and x- rays), a patient's history, and observation of signs and symptoms. TERM 9 Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA 1988) DEFINITION 9 federal guidelines that regulate all clinical laboratories across the United States. Regulations apply to any site that tests human specimens, including small POLs, or screening tests done at the patient's bedside. TERM 10 clinical pathology DEFINITION 10 major area of laboratory services where blood and other type of body fluids and tissues are analyzed. TERM 21 nosocomial infections DEFINITION 21 infections acquired after admission into a health facility. TERM 22 personal protective equipment (PPE) DEFINITION 22 specialized clothing or equipment designed to protect the health care worker from hazards in the workplace (e.g., goggles, gloves, gowns, etc.). Regular work clothes (uniforms, pants, shirts, blouses) that are not intended as protection are not considered PPE. TERM 23 phlebotomist DEFINITION 23 individual who practices phlebotomy (i.e., blood collector); phlebo is related to "vein" and tomy relates to "cutting" TERM 24 phlebotomy DEFINITION 24 the incision of a vein for blood letting (i.e., blood collection). TERM 25 physician's office laboratories (POLs) DEFINITION 25 nonhospital laboratories usually based in a physician's office/clinic at the private practice. TERM 26 point-of-care (POC) DEFINITION 26 refers to tests and procedures that are actually performed at the patient's bedside or at the "point of care." The tests are not sent to a laboratory in a remote location; rather, they are rapid methods designed to produce quick results. TERM 27 postexamination (postanalytical phase) DEFINITION 27 refers to the laboratory testing phase in which test results go back to the MD who will make clinical decisions based on these results. TERM 28 preexamination (preanalytical phase) DEFINITION 28 the part of the process that occurs from the time laboratory tests are ordered through the time that specimensare actually processed and delivered to the laboratory or transported to a referral laboratory, i.e., before the actual testing and analysis is performed. TERM 29 professtionalism DEFINITION 29 the skill, competence or character expected of an individual in a trained profession. TERM 30 quality DEFINITION 30 refers to the integrity of a specimen that is correctly identified, collected, and transported. TERM 31 quality control (QC) DEFINITION 31 functionsof everyday practice in clinical laboratories that make the testing process more accurate and precise. QC measures help set the parameters for amking sure that all test results reflect what they are supposed to measure and that the test results can be reproduced time after time. TERM 32 quality improvement DEFINITION 32 as related to phlebotomy services, efforts focused on preexamination/preanalytical issues and the concept of meeting and exceeding customer expectations by resolving immediate problems, and finding opporttunities for improvement where problems do not currently exist. TERM 33 Six Sigma DEFINITION 33 an improvement method designed to improve process performance by reducing variation, improving quality, enhancing financial performance, and improving customer satisfication. It provides a data driven, systematic approach to quality management through five phases: Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control. (DMAIC). TERM 34 stakeholders DEFINITION 34 individuals, groups, organizations, and/or communities that have an interest in or are influenced by health care services. Stakeholders can be internal to the organizationor external (i.e., outside the organization). TERM 35 standards of practice DEFINITION 35 the practices or guidelines that a reasonably prudent person would follow in any particular circumstance. Many agencies, licensing boards, certifying boards, and accrediting organizations write standardsof care or standards of practice to guide health care workers in their duties.