Life and Struggles of Senior High School Working Students, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Psychology

Download Life and Struggles of Senior High School Working Students and more Study Guides, Projects, Research Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! Life and Struggles of Senior High School Working StDudent in Davao Doctors Colleges Inc. A Research Study Presented to the Senior High School Department of Davao Doctors College, Inc. In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of Practical Research 1 Researchers: SAAVEDRA, MAXINE JULIA SIMPLICIO, HEANA LIZ SUAL, ASTHER JOHN SUCALDITO, KIRSTEN ANNE TAN, SHALIYAH TIFFANY TOGONON, BENJAMIN JANZ GRADE 11 - PEPLAU SET - B Research Adviser Leomark L. Palang A.Y. 2022-2023 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page …………………………..…………i Table of Contents …………………………..………...ii I INTRODUCTION Background of the study ……………………………….…….1 Statement of the Problem ……………………………….…….6 Theory Base ……………………………………..6 Research Objectives ……………………………………..6 Significance of the Study ……………………………………..8 Scope and Limitation of the Study ……………………………………..8 Definition of Terms ……………………………………..9 II REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE AND RELATED STUDIES Related Literature ……………………………….…….11 Related Studies ……………………………………14 III METHODS Research Design ……………………………………21 Research Locale ……………………………………22 Research Participants ……………………………………22 Research Procedures ……………………………………22 Research Instrument ……………………………………26 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS Social Value ……………………………………27 Informed Consent ……………………………………27 Justice ……………………………………27 Data Privacy ……………………………………28 Transparency ……………………………………28 Risks, Benefits, and Safety ……………………………………28 Privacy and Confidentiality of Information ……………………………………28 Community Involvement ……………………………………29 Adequacy of Facilities ……………………………………30 REFERENCE …………………………………50 work, family, and social life (Yum et al. 2017). Including the fact that one or two of these domains receive the majority of the attention from students. As stated by Castillo et al. (2017), it can be inferred that the study conducted by each of the authors found that higher work task personality scores tend to predict rational decision-making skills for working students compared to non-working students. Based on the following researchers, after adjusting for gender and age, working students with task-oriented dispositions will exhibit more flexible decision-making patterns than non-workers(Doe et al. 2017). Apart from that, several studies pinpoint the characteristics that students have been attributing to their way of life that balances employment and school. Comparable to the research on the relationship between perceived employability, academic engagement, and stress among higher education students in China (Ma & Bennett. 2021), claiming that most of the students have various ways to maintain fairness between work and studies. Each of these investigators has produced research that identifies additional characteristics and issues that students at higher levels might experience. as well as its advantages and drawbacks. However, it differs in each of the target participants and levels of education when conducting the study , perceptions of the researchers are also diverse in what type of working students the participants have included in the research that is reasonable for each investigator all around the world. The research will concentrate on identifying the knowledge gap between current knowledge and the population. Senior high school students are understudied in comparison to previous studies, which concentrate on working college students. This explains why there is a knowledge gap about working students, as there aren't many 2 researchers who specialize in studying them. Including the population, there was no significant study about the Senior High School Students. The present state in the Philippines signifies a surge in the population of employed scholars. The Commission on Higher Education (CHED) reports that there are currently 216,000 students balancing academic pursuits with paying jobs which make up an estimated 8% of all college enrollees. As explained by Villahermosa et al. (2015) ,investigation found that nowadays, students now often combine work with their studies to further their life, dreams. The number of working students in the Philippines is significant, and a research paper from Polytechnic University found that one of the drawbacks is that the time spent working takes away from studying, which may result in lower grades and less desirable post-study options. (Dunca, 2019). In the Davao Region, the low rates of study accomplishments are the central concern of the Department of Education (DepEd). Thus, why some students are compelled to simultaneously engage in full-time work and educational pursuits to supplement their family's income and/or provide for personal expenses not covered by the available financial aid options. Concerned about their futures, these kids particularly now that they are facing the fact that needs to adjust to the contemporary learning techniques that demand technology and other needed equipments. Even though tremendous adversity and difficulties, as can be observed, these students are still being resistant (Tria, 2020). Both studies require the population of the Philippines that states the society emerged with working students, and that it has increased numbers of the said participants 3 to work while studying, making the study focused on rising and requiring the data of the students. On the other hand, the difference is that the other study focuses on the students who experienced poverty in the current situation and needed assistance in any organization that can help the working students, while the other states about the poor achievements the learners are the main concern over. Said by Kennedy (2016), life is not simple; in order to achieve our goals and become the people we desire in the future, we must all work hard. Working students serve as an example to us because despite their challenging circumstances, they continue to overcome all of life's challenges. This study aims to help give insights and knowledge about the experiences and struggles of working students. Especially for senior high school students that are only entering adulthood. Research Objectives This research aims to shed light on the life and struggles of working students by exploring their experiences across different educational levels and disciplines. It seeks to investigate the impact of employment on academic performance and overall well-being, identify interventions to support effective management of responsibilities, ● To discover the experiences of working students across educational levels and disciplines, examining its potential variations in employability and academics ● To scrutinize information on the working students academic performance and occupation in the study ● To identify and give possible interventions and recommendations that can help improve the students in management and responsibilities being a employee and 4 Parents. This research will help parents understand possible problems that working students might have encountered. This will encourage them to show their children greater love and understanding. Teachers. Teachers will learn about the issues working students face thanks to this study. Consequently, they will have a deeper understanding of them. The researchers' understanding of the hardships and daily life of working students will increase as a result. School Administrators. School administrators will gain from the study's findings by reducing the number of drop-outs among working students. Future Researchers. The future researchers will benefit from the study because this will serve as their source and guide for future studies. Scope, Limitation and Delimitation of the Study Experiences and challenges of a working student are the main topics of the study. Every part-time student at Davao Doctors College who is enrolled in the Senior High School Program will have their data collected. This study does, however, have certain shortcomings. Other issues not related to the topic, like salary, firm name, relationships, families, and hobbies, will not be covered. The scope of this study does not include the other students who do not qualify as working students. Students would be given questionnaires to complete as a survey and source for the study. The researchers will be able to understand the struggles of a working student using this method. This study has numerous limitations because of the researchers' constrained time and resources. There are other variables that the researchers have little or no control over, 7 such as the responses of our participants, which may be skewed due to their opinions or experiences because the researchers do not have the same background as they do because they have more exposure to the working world. Additionally, responses may be influenced by the participants' moods, temperaments, and willingness to share their struggles and experiences. Definition of Terms Academic Commitments Academic commitments refer to the responsibilities and obligations that individuals have related to their educational pursuits. It is broadly defined as a force that binds an individual to a course of action of relevance to one or more targets (Meyer & Herscovitch, 2001) Financial Stress Financial stress refers to a condition that is the result of financial and/or economic events that create anxiety, worry, or a sense of scarcity, and is accompanied by a physiological stress response. Part-Time Jobs / Part-Time Work Part-time work or a part-time job is a flexible work arrangement which means working less than full-time hours. Part-time employees receive the same employment entitlements as full-time workers on a pro-rata basis. Time Management 8 Time management is the process of organizing and prioritizing one's time effectively and efficiently to achieve specific goals or objectives. (Miligy, 2021) As used in this study, it refers to how the participants manage their time between work and academic responsibilities. Working Student In this study, working students refer to someone pursuing their education while working part-time or full-time. A working student is a student who, in addition to their full-time studies at a university or a state-accredited university of applied science, is employed by a company on a more-than-marginal basis. 9 and competently by organizing their tasks, prioritizing their goals and responsibilities, making a list of activities to do, and organizing their workspace. Because some students lack time management, resort to procrastination, and are unable to meet school deadlines, Quek (2001) [32] believes that procrastination and prioritization are the most common problems of students on time management. According to Kearns and Gardiner (2007) [14], students struggle with prioritization because the students lack a clear direction in their studies, are easily distracted and disorganized in their assignments, and cannot plan and prioritize tasks. Finally, Knaus (1996) [16] stated that students might be amazed by their responsibilities to the point where the students postpone schoolwork, spend more time hanging out with friends, or worry about the upcoming examination, class project, and papers rather than finishing them. A successful time management strategy prioritizes tasks. based on their significance and relevance to the individual status. Things that are more significant are given more attention. More time will be given to these areas as priorities. Ensure that the intended result of such actions will be attained. In the case of the working students, their primary and their schooling should be a top focus in life, thus the working students should have more time should be devoted to completing school-related responsibilities. The students should not, however, assume that whatever there are jobs outside of school because it helps them survive their research. Maintaining a balance between their time spent on their studies and their work for neither of the two to compromise. Not all jobs are equally important; instead, the most significant tasks ought to receive top attention (Dinkel,2011) [10]. It is important to give these jobs greater thought, effort, and time. By setting priorities, a person can devote more time to the things that matter most. It would 12 take more than classroom activities to develop the necessary abilities of the learners. Students must prolong their time with these. doing homework including arithmetic at home. Self-efficacy is the ability to the degree to which students believe they can succeed in the assigned tasks. If a student's performance is evident from past failures is taking a math class and runs upon a problem that is necessarily challenging, a student may feel like they "can't do" it. "I can't do this," and may quickly give up. The studentsl believes that it would be difficult to accomplish the work in an effective manner due to his incapacity to (Brahier ,2009). In order to perform better, learners must increase their effectiveness when learning academics. It is highly encouraged to incorporate time management skills to mold and encourage students' positive reactions to stresses across all subjects. Once again, theoretically speaking Students are expected to manage their lives and endeavors more productively after learning and applying the skills, and as a result, their goals for school and work will be achieved.  Related Studies Experiences of Working Students The study talks about the reality of working students. When academically qualified people do not have the financial resources needed to enroll and succeed in college, higher education fails to fulfill the promise of promoting social mobility—and may serve to reinforce social inequities. The cost of college attendance is rising faster than family incomes, and increases in federal, state, and institutional grants have been insufficient to meet all students demonstrated financial needs. 13 When academically qualified people do not have the financial resources needed to enroll and succeed in college, higher education fails to fulfill the promise of promoting social mobility—and may serve to reinforce social inequities. The cost of college attendance is rising faster than family incomes, and increases in federal, state, and institutional grants have been insufficient to meet all students demonstrated financial needs. The study used data from the National Survey of Student Engagement. It states that most seniors at four- year institutions (63%) reported being "worried about having enough money" and half (48%) reported that they "did not participate in [unspecified] activities due to lack of money". Reports of financial stress were more common among first-generation, black, and Hispanic students and among students over the age of twenty- four. More than a third (38 percent) of Pell Grant recipients at community colleges who worked more than twenty hours per week reported “running out of money” at least six times in a year, even though 46 percent worked more than twenty hours per week, according to the Center for Community College Student Engagement; only 22 percent reported having access to cash, credit, or other sources of funds for an “unexpected need.” Students who do not have sufficient savings, wealth, or access to other financial resources have few options for paying costs that are not covered by grants: they can take on loans, get a job, or do both. While these options pay off for many students, a higher education finance system that requires the use of loans and paid employment disproportionately disadvantages individuals from groups that continue to be underrepresented in and underserved by higher education. Employment during college too often contributes to inequity in higher education opportunity, experiences, and outcomes. More can and should be done to 14 Doctors College Inc. if weather they can maximize their time as the same as the study conducted by Williams (2014). The Struggle of Working Students As reported by Steinberg et al. (1981), engaging students in part-time and some full-time employment is progressively a common phenomenon everywhere. As also stated in a study 30 years ago, working while studying provides students with quite naturally an indication of the requirements that will be needed to function effectively in one's later career (Schill, McCartin, & Meyer, 1985). In recent years, further studies found that students who are working part-time can easily develop team cooperation, customer care, communication, and practical skills (Lucas & Lammont, 1998; Curtis & Lucas, 2001). Students can have the prospect to directly relate the experiences of working part-time to enhance and refine the students’ academic knowledge, motivation, and employment prospects (Curtis & Shani, 2002; Curtis & Williams, 2002). Thus, some research have concluded that a combination of financial needs and the opportunity to gain experiences will ultimately enhance career opportunities in the future (Harvey, 2000; Devlin, James & Grigg, 2008; Nonis & Hudson, 2006). According to the research conducted by Watts and Pickering (2000), while working part-time and studying full-time has a variety of positive outcomes, respondents generally viewed part-time employment as a necessity to survive in the contemporary higher education sphere. In Manthei and Gilmore's (2005) study, it is understandable that the money earned from part-time employment is spent usually on essential living expenses. From the perspective of students themselves, part-time work is often an introduction to the real world which will assist them both in personal and career development especially in the higher 17 education sector (Tymon, 2013; Tomlinson, 2007). Higher education institutions should identify opportunities to increase the extent to which students could be more familiar with work and expose them to educational, part-time vocational and career experiences (Yorke, 2004; Glover, Law & Youngman, 2002). There is a wide variety of studies that examined the impacts of part-time employment on full-time students. Based on the research of Manthei and Gilmore (2005), for instance, considered that working part-time leaves less desired time to study. Also, Jogaratnam and Buchanan (2004), specified that new students who choose to do a part-time job while having full- time academic load were most likely to suffer from stress and sleep deprivation. As many studies suggested, indeed a combination of full-time studying and part-time working can cause a damaging effect on the physical and mental health of students. It can create a negative impact on academic performance (Hovdhaugen, 2015; Creed, French & Hood, 2015; Darolia, 2014). In the study of Curtis and Shani (2002), the researchers believed that students who are working part-time would most likely miss lecturers with a lot of lessons to catch and feel that they could achieve higher grades had they not been working. For that reason, universities should be aware of contemporary students' lives. The universities should introduce an element of flexibility as a mean of structuring assignments and course requirements to support this (Curtis, 2007). Positively, perhaps students might obtain personal transferable skills, enhance employability, and increase confidence in the world of work (Watts & Pickering, 2000). However, negatively, students who are working part-time tend to achieve poorer marks compared to the student’s classmates who are studying full-time. A part-timer working student is a common phenomenon. Jogaratnam and Buchanan (2004) 18 suggested that universities have a moral requirement to more effectively understand and manage the stressors experienced by students studying full-time and working part- time. Perhaps, providing appropriate training for students would be an alternative. Universities who are struggling with the debates regarding the cost or validity of practical skills training might be able to take advantages of the synergy that exists as a means of solving these tensions. The struggles of working students gives positive and negative outcomes to the students it can give them an advantage or a disadvantage, In this study the researchers will identify if the same thing applies to the senior high school working students in Davao Doctors College Inc. if they gain positive or negative attributes from working and if they can use it in real life situations. Synthesis To sum up every literature and study the reasearchers have mentioned Peteros, Canabano, Sanchez, Peconcillo Jr., Capuno R., Manguilomotan, Padillo, Espina, Pinili, Capuno J.F(2021). Education is a powerful tool for success, but some students are unable to meet their financial obligations. To help support their studies, many students in the Philippines choose part-time jobs. However, work pressure can affect their school activities, particularly in subjects such as mathematics. To address this, researchers conducted a study to assess the connection between time management, self-efficacy, and mathematics performance of high school students working part-time. Furthermore, the competitive environment in which people all live today encourages people to plan and manage time effectively Mohamed, Hamal &Mohamed (2016). Another literature is by Sabelis (2012) with accordance to a working student’s time utilization. According to 19 lastly how can people help and mitigate this problem for the common people or average people. The point of such method is not to generalize but to comprehend and interpret the meanings and intentions that underlie everyday human activities (Bailey, 1987; Bogdan and Taylor, 1975; De vos, 1998; Ferreira et al.., 1998). The qualitative design manages information that is principally verbal and gets significance from the participant’s point of view and also expects to comprehend the meaning that individuals append to their daily experience (Favor and Higson-Child, 1995; De vos, 1998). Research locale This study will be conducted at Davao Doctors College Inc. General Malvar St, Poblacion District, Davao City. One of the most known medical school in Davao City, home to countless medical experts. Davao Doctors College offers different college programs and senior high school programs. The researchers will be conducting the research and survey in Davao Doctors College campus from the students of the Senior High School Program. It is a good opportunity for us to conduct this research because the researchers are also from the said school program. Research Participants The participants of this study were Senior High School Students of Academic Year 2022-2023 of Davao Doctors College Inc. General Malvar St, Poblacion District, Davao City. There are five (5) students to be surveyed and interviewed. The participants can either be male or female if they are 18-21 years of age. The participants must also have at least 3 months of experience in working in a fast-food chain, as it is the most 22 common job for stundents and it does not require much from the employee. They should also be enrolled in the senior high school or college program of the school year 2022- 2023 in Davao Doctors College Inc. Research Procedures The following are the procedures followed by the researcher to get sufficient information from the respondents (Senior High School Students, Academic Year 2022- 2023 of Davao Doctors College, Inc.), to determine the Life and Hardships of Working Students in Davao Doctors Colleges Inc. Systematic Flow Chart Fig.1 Flow Chart of the procedures followed in conducting this study. 23 Listed below are the procedures followed by the researcher in conducting the study. 1. Asking for Permission to Conduct the Study The researcher will write a letter seeking permission to conduct the study to: A. Cathleen Mae R. Pineda, LPT, MN, Senior High School Principal of Davao Doctors College Inc. B. Leomark Palang, LPT, Practical Research 1 teacher of Davao Doctors College Inc. Senior High School Department C. Target Participants, The working students that the researchers will be interviewing from Davao Doctors College Inc. 2. Selecting the Respondents The researchers will use convenience sampling. The respondents will be the selected senior high school working students at Davao Doctors College Inc. In the school year 2022-2023. 3. Preparing the Interview-Survey Questionnaires The researcher will create a test containing detailed questions on the students' Life and Hardships of Working Students for the selected respondents. The language of the research will be English text. The said Interview-Survey Questionnaires will be found in our appendices (Appendix L on page 43). 4. Validation of the Instrument To verify the survey questionnaire, which will be used to determine the Life and Hardships of Working Students, and to know the validity and efficacy of the survey questionnaire, the researcher will enlist the assistance of three (3) experts or professors. 24 working and are students at the same time to help them overcome these hardships and achieve academic success. Research Instrument Since everything is slowly getting back to normal, the researchers chose to conduct a face-to-face, one-on-one interview. The researchers will be using a research-made questionnaire based on the topic "The Life and Hardship of a Working Student in Davao Doctors College" which will focus on the experiences and struggles of the students who are working and studying at the same time. Personal information obtained from the participants will be kept private. During the interview, the researchers plan to utilize English, Filipino, and Bisaya as mediums of communication. Role of the Researcher In this study, the researchers are the primary collector of the data. Interviews will be conducted with the interview guide among five (5) senior high school working students. According to Biber (2007), The researcher is the one who decides the order of the interview and, before the analysis, makes the decisions according to the approach to the problem and the formulated research questions. The researchers will also summarize the participants' responses and evaluate and analyze their responses as clearly and objectively as possible. All records are kept securely in a locked room and researchers ensure that no personal information is revealed. The researchers are also responsible for all the information and facts collected and only describe the essential success factors. ETHICAL CONSIDERATION 27 This research was conducted with Social Value, Informed Consent, Justice, Data Privacy, Transparency, Risk, Benefits and Safety, Piracy and Confidentiality of Information, Community Involvement, and Adequacy of Facilities that protect morality and will guide the researchers when the research commence and to avoid research misconduct. Social Value. Our social ideals are connected to how we interact with our society. Researchers must carefully and thoroughly examine the respondent’s social values such as happiness, well-being, inclusion, equality employment and environment. These values typically dictate the social order of a society. Informed Consent. The participants of this research we’re asked for consent as well as their parents as they are still minors, the consent also includes the possible risk of the research questions to the respondents that were chosen for this research topic. This risk includes discomfort, hazards, advantages, duration, goal, time, procedure, and inconvenience. This interview will be conducted face to face with the participant as well as one or two of the researchers with the proper protocol as we are amid a pandemic. Justice. The researchers of this research have ensured to formulate a letter of consent asking permission to the respondents and participants of the study being conducted, this letter is also validated by expert teachers that has a vast knowledge and understanding in this field before we conducted the interview. Data Privacy. The sensitive data collected from the interview participants will be confidential, this covers anything the participant has requested to be confidential such as sensitive information that could potentially cause damage or harm towards the character, 28 spirit, or image of the participants. The researchers will make sure to keep their privacy respected. Transparency. Prior to conducting the interview, the researchers gathered and enlightened the participants regarding the objectives and goals. The participants were informed of the information-gathering strategy, how the researchers will conduct the interview, and the importance of the findings that this interview will produce. We, the researchers, strive to gather the data in an objective manner. Risks, Benefits, and Safety. In this study, the information-gathering strategy would be conducted through a one-on-one interview with the participants and researchers. The participants would be asked questions in relation to their experiences in Life and their Hardships as Working Students. The researchers will ask reasonable questions and respect the participant’s boundaries. Since the interview will be done via face to face this will ensure the interviewee’s answers would be genuine and will strictly come from them. The participants were reassured of their privacy and that the significance of their feedback will be used for the study; the data gathered will be protected and safeguarded. Although those who took part may not directly benefit from the research, the study may provide crucial information for future studies. Lastly, the interviewee’s participation is completely voluntary. Privacy and Confidentiality of Information. Piracy and Confidentiality of Information involve the unauthorized use or disclosure of information and intellectual property. The Data Privacy Act of 2012 is the policy of the State to protect the fundamental human right of privacy, of communication while ensuring the free flow of information to promote innovation and growth. The State recognizes the vital role of 29 how they react to certain situations in life. Responsibility is one major factor that the respondents have developed while being working students. Responsibility promotes growth in both learning and our daily lives. In addition, it also had a good impact on academic performance, since time management was mentioned before. It increases the performance of the student in any schoolwork. Showing an equally balanced time for education and personal work does contribute to a student's academic life. It also affects the student's productivity. Students were able to complete their work efficiently, tackle errands quicker, and enjoy more free time. It improves one's well-being, enforces healthy work-life boundaries, and makes one feel more in control of their circumstances. Lastly, it provides students with working experience at their level of capability and helps them use this experience as a learning curve to look back on when continuing to pursue their future careers or taking any side jobs to financially support themselves when the time comes. TRUSTWORTHINESS OF THE STUDY The quality of the researcher’s data is the cornerstone of research excellence. In the study of Stumpfegger (2017), she cited that Lincoln and Guba (1985) created a corresponding set of criteria for trustworthiness of qualitative research: credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability to provide a different set for criteria that can be used for ascertaining the quality of the research. Credibility. This depends on the richness of the data and analysis and can be enhanced by triangulation (Patton, 2002), rather than relying on sample 32 size to represent the population. To achieve this, the researchers ask the experts to trust them to answer the guide's questions spontaneously and without hesitation, so that the research appears factual and credible. Transferability. The degree to which the results of qualitative research can be transferred to other contexts or settings with other respondents. Researchers will facilitate the transferability judgment by a potential user through thick description. Merriam writes that external validity is concerned with the extent to which the findings of one study can be applied to other situations. It provides sufficient detail of the context of the fieldwork for a reader to be able to decide whether the prevailing environment is similar to another situation with which he or she is familiar and whether the findings can justifiably be applied to the other setting (Shenton, 2004). In this study, the researchers will present a comprehensive data set with excerpts from individual interviews, focus group discussions, participant numbers and interview procedures, which can also be modified in future research. The results can serve as a reference for further research on online education, also in a different area and place. Dependability. refers to the consistency and reliability of the research findings and the degree to which research procedures are documented, allowing someone outside the research to follow, audit, and critique the research process (Sandelowski 1986; Polit & Beck 2006; Speziale, Streubert & Carpenter 2007). Detailed coverage of the methodology and methods employed allows the reader to assess the extent to which appropriate research practices have been followed (Shenton 2004). This will document the research design and conduct, including methodology and methods, and details of data collection. 33 Confirmability. Researchers need to show that the results clearly link to conclusions that can be traced and repeated as a process. Its applicability is similar to credibility, with verifiability having particular implications for research that provides policy recommendations. Therefore, researchers will present the steps taken to manage and reflect on the implications of their philosophical or empirical preferences. While there was prejudice, this helped explain how researchers' location could be displayed in search results while providing useful information. APPENDICES 34 “Aestimamus Vitam” -We Value Life- Greetings! We are Senior High School Students of Davao Doctors College, Inc. currently working on a study entitled, " THE EXPERIENCES AND STRUGGLES OF WORKING STUDENTS IN DAVAO DOCTORS COLLEGES”. As a subject requirement in Practical Research 1. In accordance with this, we would like to request your expertise to validate the attached research instrument to be used in conducting the study. This will be a great help to ensure that the research instrument that will be used is appropriate and suits the study. Your validation will be a huge help in the success of this research endeavor Thank you and more power!  Respectfully Yours, SAAVEDRA, MAXINE JULIA SIMPLICIO, HEANA LIZ SUAL, ASTHER JOHN SUCALDITO, KIRSTEN ANNE TAN, SHALIYAH TIFFANY TOGONON, BENJAMIN JANZ Researchers Noted:  LEOMARK L. PALANG, LPT Practical Research Adviser APPENDIX C Letter to the Validator DAVAO DOCTORS COLLEGE, INC. Gen. Malvar St., Davao City 8000 Tel. Nos.: (082) 222 - 0850 to 53 Telefax: 224 - 4433 www.davaodoctors.edu.ph SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL PROGRAM April 25, 2022  FLORELYNE VILLAMOR Senior High School Instructor Davao Doctors College, Inc. Dear Miss Villamor, 37 “Aestimamus Vitam” -We Value Life- Greetings! We are Senior High School Students of Davao Doctors College, Inc. currently working on a study entitled, "THE EXPERIENCES AND STRUGGLES OF WORKING STUDENTS IN DAVAO DOCTORS COLLEGES”. As a subject requirement in Practical Research 1. In accordance with this, we would like to request your expertise to validate the attached research instrument to be used in conducting the study. This will be a great help to ensure that the research instrument that will be used is appropriate and suits the study. Your validation will be a huge help in the success of this research endeavor Thank you and more power!  Respectfully yours, SAAVEDRA, MAXINE JULIA SIMPLICIO, HEANA LIZ SUAL, ASTHER JOHN SUCALDITO, KIRSTEN ANNE TAN, SHALIYAH TIFFANY TOGONON, BENJAMIN JANZ Researchers Noted:  LEOMARK L. PALANG, LPT Practical Research Adviser APPENDIX D Letter to the Validator DAVAO DOCTORS COLLEGE, INC. Gen. Malvar St., Davao City 8000 Tel. Nos.: (082) 222 - 0850 to 53 Telefax: 224 - 4433 www.davaodoctors.edu.ph SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL PROGRAM April 25, 2022  (NAME) Senior High School Instructor Davao Doctors College, Inc. Dear Miss/Sir (SURNAME), 38 “Aestimamus Vitam” -We Value Life- Greetings! We are Senior High School Students of Davao Doctors College, Inc. currently working on a study entitled, "THE EXPERIENCES AND STRUGGLES OF WORKING STUDENTS IN DAVAO DOCTORS COLLEGES”. As a subject requirement in Practical Research 1. In accordance with this, we would like to request your expertise to validate the attached research instrument to be used in conducting the study. This will be a great help to ensure that the research instrument that will be used is appropriate and suits the study. Your validation will be a huge help in the success of this research endeavor Thank you and more power!  Respectfully Yours, SAAVEDRA, MAXINE JULIA SIMPLICIO, HEANA LIZ SUAL, ASTHER JOHN SUCALDITO, KIRSTEN ANNE TAN, SHALIYAH TIFFANY TOGONON, BENJAMIN JANZ Researchers Noted:  LEOMARK L. PALANG, LPT Practical Research Adviser APPENDIX E Letter to Participants DAVAO DOCTORS COLLEGE, INC. Gen. Malvar St., Davao City 8000 Tel. Nos.: (082) 222 - 0850 to 53 Telefax: 224 - 4433 www.davaodoctors.edu.ph SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL PROGRAM April 25, 2022  (Student Name) Grade 11 – (Section) Davao Doctors College, Inc. Greetings! 39 We are Senior High School Students of Davao Doctors College, Inc. currently working on a study entitled, "THE EXPERIENCES AND STRUGGLES OF WORKING STUDENTS IN DAVAO DOCTORS COLLEGES.”. As a subject requirement in Practical Research 1. In line with this, we would like to request your permission to participate as one of our respondents in our study. Gathering of data will be done via one-on-one interview. More so, private information will be kept private. Your participation on this matter will be greatly appreciated. Thank you and more power!  Respectfully Yours, SAAVEDRA, MAXINE JULIA SIMPLICIO, HEANA LIZ SUAL, ASTHER JOHN SUCALDITO, KIRSTEN ANNE TAN, SHALIYAH TIFFANY TOGONON, BENJAMIN JANZ Researchers Noted:  LEOMARK L. PALANG, LPT Practical Research Adviser APPENDIX H Letter to Participants DAVAO DOCTORS COLLEGE, INC. Gen. Malvar St., Davao City 8000 Tel. Nos.: (082) 222 - 0850 to 53 Telefax: 224 - 4433 www.davaodoctors.edu.ph SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL PROGRAM April 25, 2022  (Student Name) Grade 11 – (Section) Davao Doctors College, Inc. Greetings! 42 “Aestimamus Vitam” -We Value Life- We are Senior High School Students of Davao Doctors College, Inc. currently working on a study entitled, "THE EXPERIENCES AND STRUGGLES OF WORKING STUDENTS IN DAVAO DOCTORS COLLEGES.”. As a subject requirement in Practical Research 1. In line with this, we would like to request your permission to participate as one of our respondents in our study. Gathering of data will be done via one-on-one interview. More so, private information will be kept private. Your participation on this matter will be greatly appreciated. Thank you and more power!  Respectfully Yours, SAAVEDRA, MAXINE JULIA SIMPLICIO, HEANA LIZ SUAL, ASTHER JOHN SUCALDITO, KIRSTEN ANNE TAN, SHALIYAH TIFFANY TOGONON, BENJAMIN JANZ Researchers Noted:  LEOMARK L. PALANG, LPT Practical Research Adviser APPENDIX I Letter to Participants DAVAO DOCTORS COLLEGE, INC. Gen. Malvar St., Davao City 8000 Tel. Nos.: (082) 222 - 0850 to 53 Telefax: 224 - 4433 www.davaodoctors.edu.ph SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL PROGRAM April 25, 2022  (Student Name) Grade 11 – (Section) Davao Doctors College, Inc. Greetings! 43 “Aestimamus Vitam” -We Value Life- We are Senior High School Students of Davao Doctors College, Inc. currently working on a study entitled, "THE EXPERIENCES AND STRUGGLES OF WORKING STUDENTS IN DAVAO DOCTORS COLLEGES.”. As a subject requirement in Practical Research 1. In line with this, we would like to request your permission to participate as one of our respondents in our study. Gathering of data will be done via one-on-one interview. More so, private information will be kept private. Your participation on this matter will be greatly appreciated. Thank you and more power!  Respectfully Yours, SAAVEDRA, MAXINE JULIA SIMPLICIO, HEANA LIZ SUAL, ASTHER JOHN SUCALDITO, KIRSTEN ANNE TAN, SHALIYAH TIFFANY TOGONON, BENJAMIN JANZ Researchers Noted:  LEOMARK L. PALANG, LPT Practical Research Adviser APPENDIX J Letter to Participants DAVAO DOCTORS COLLEGE, INC. Gen. Malvar St., Davao City 8000 Tel. Nos.: (082) 222 - 0850 to 53 Telefax: 224 - 4433 www.davaodoctors.edu.ph SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL PROGRAM May 2, 2023 Letter for Parents (For Parents of Participants aged 18 below) Dear our beloved parents, Greetings! We are Senior High School Students of Davao Doctors College, Inc. currently working on a study entitled, “THE EXPERIENCES AND STRUGGLES OF WORKING STUDENTS IN DAVAO DOCTORS COLLEGES”. As a subject requirement in Practical Research 1. 44 “Aestimamus Vitam” -We Value Life- temporary job whilst being a full-time learner. are still a student? b. What are the opportunities encountered by working students? c. What is the motivational drive for pursuing both academics and work? 2. To determine how it would impact their mental and physical well-being as students. 2.1 Do you experience any changes towards your mental and physical health? a. What are the positive and negative effects of working while studying? b. How does it affect the performance of the students? c. What are the challenges faced by students when working while studying and how do they overcome the problems? 3. To determine if there are any beneficial impacts in their academics and the ability to retain academic success despite being a student worker. 3.1 Does being a working student helps improve your academic performance? And how so? a. How do students balance work and education? b. What are students’ perceptions of working while studying? c. What are suggestions and recommendations for students who are working while studying? 47 “Aestimamus Vitam” -We Value Life- REFERENCES Adebayo, F. (2015). Time Management and Students' Academic Performance in Higher Institution, Nigeria: A Case Study of Ekiti State. International Research in Education, 3(2): p. 1-11. Alay, S. & Koçak, S. (2003). Relationship between time management and academic achievement of university students. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi Dergisi, 35, 326-335. 48 Balduf, M. (2009). Underachievement among college students. Journal of Advanced Academics, 20, 274-294 Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2016). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage publications. Curtis, S., & Williams, J. (2002). The reluctant workforce: Undergraduates' part-time employment. Education and Training, 44, 5–10. Curtis, S., & Shani, N. (2002). The effect of taking paid employment during term-time on students’ academic studies. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 26(2), 129-138 Darolia, R. (2014). Working (and studying) day and night: Heterogeneous effects of working on the academic performance of full-time and part-time students. Economics of Education Review, 38(1), 38-50 Khanam N., Sahu T., Rao EV., Kar SK., Quazi SZ. (2017). A study on university student's time management and academic achievement. Int J Community Med Public Health ;4(12),4761-4765. 49