Lights in Visual Broadcasting-Introduction to Broadcasting-Lecture Handout, Exercises of Mass Communication

Download Lights in Visual Broadcasting-Introduction to Broadcasting-Lecture Handout and more Exercises Mass Communication in PDF only on Docsity! Introduction to Broadcasting – MCM 411 VU ©Copyright Virtual University of Pakistan 87 LESSON 30 LIGHTS IN VISUAL BROADCASTING As we move from audio/ verbal communication, or broadcasting to non verbal or visual broadcasting, the first thing that we encounter is the presence of light which enables a viewer to see the objects which are part of the whole visual communication. All visual broadcasting is also termed as a synonym to photography for it is a camera which is the major tool to bring you this broadcast. And photography is defined as a process of taking images on a sensitized surface with the help of light. In this lesson we shall see a broad application of lighting arrangement at a studio which helps in taking images and the general view on availability of light in the outdoor broadcasts. The lights explain about the perspective, mode and textures etc. The Nature of Light Light is a form of energy. It is this property of light which enables it to be converted from its natural form into other forms of energies and the electrical impulse. Likewise electrical energy could also be converted into light as we experience this more often in our daily life. A ray of sunlight, which seems white, is actually a composition of all shades of light blended into one shade. The scientists have been able to split up the sunlight into hundreds and thousands of sub colors, called primary, secondary and tertiary colors. Broadly red, green and blue (RGB) are the colors which mixed to form all other colors. Unlike the sound waves, light waves travel straight. This property immensely helps in forming shadows, or to students of broadcasting, making visual communication possible. Light Temperature In another way we can also read shades of light by its temperature. In this case temperature is used not a measurement of heat but a degree of lights on the spectrum where we distinguish one shade from another. The orange tinge of light is read at 3200 Kelvin and the blue at 5600 Kelvin, The orange light is supposed to be the best in reading the color of human skin. It is common practice to shoot outdoor when sun is ascending or descending simply because at these times of the day, orange-tinge of light is amply available to get true colors of the objects. These days different lights have made it possible to take a true image of an object under different lighting arrangements. docsity.com Introduction to Broadcasting – MCM 411 VU ©Copyright Virtual University of Pakistan 88 Lights at Studio Basically you need three lights to make a bare minimum broadcast possible from a studio. Key light - main source of light Fill light - beats the shadows Back light - separates objects from walls behind The three lights arrangement is only done to make student of TV broadcast a minimum lighting set up. Practically speaking, there are always more than three lights. And in programs where more than one person is appearing, which is a case on most occasions these days, you always need more lights. There may be more lights Background light - to lit the background Bounce light - to give even light Reflect light - usually in outdoor used as fill light Hard light - for harsh impressions Soft light - to express peace, normal life Natural light - sunlight / outdoor Artificial light- - man-made lights Flood light - to soften the impressions, control shadows Measuring Light Measuring light is very essential because measuring it by human eye and the camera are two different parameters. The amount of light at a particular part of the set is measured in ftcs – foot-candles. One ftc is defined as the amount of light falling at a distance of one foot from a standard candle. The light intensity and the lit area are controlled through the barn doors fixed on the body of the lighting instruments. These doors cut the light from falling on areas where light is not desired not only that it is causing shadows but also that amount of light should not exceed certain limits at a given point on the sets. Light and Distance No complex physics is intended here, the formula between the amount of light and the distance between the light source and the object is pretty simple. The occurrence of light is reduced by the square of the distance changed. For instance distance is doubled, the amount docsity.com