Liver, Gallbladder and Pancreas - Digestive System | IPHY 3410, Study notes of Health sciences

Download Liver, Gallbladder and Pancreas - Digestive System | IPHY 3410 and more Study notes Health sciences in PDF only on Docsity! Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Digestive System, part 3: Liver, Gallbladder, & Pancreas Where do you think the majority of absorbed nutrients from the alimentary canal end up? A. Within arteries so it can be carried to all the cells of the body before going to the heart B. Within arteries so it can become oxygenated C. Within veins so it can travel to the liver for processing D. Within veins so it can get to the heart faster and be sent out to all the cells of the body Human Anatomy, 5e by Marieb, Mallatt, and Wilhelm Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. www.hepfoundation.org.nz/liver.html Left lobe of liver Right lobe of liver Hepatic portal vein Duodenum Stomach Liver has 4 lobes: right, left, quadrate & caudate Hepatic portal vein gathers blood from digestive organs and transports it into the liver Human Anatomy, 5e by Marieb, Mallatt, and Wilhelm Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Inferior view 4 lobes & Blood supply Hepatic proper artery  provides oxygen rich blood to liver Hepatic portal vein  transports nutrient rich blood w/ absorbed nutrients from stomach & intestines to liver Inferior vena cava Removes blood from liver after it has been processed Figure 22.26  Visceral surface of the liver (posteroinferior view). Hepatic portal vein Low in oxygen Inferior vena cava Anterior edge Hepatic proper Artery High in oxygen Left lobe Caudate lobe Quadrate lobe Right lobe Human Anatomy, 5e by Marieb, Mallatt, and Wilhelm Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Figure 22.26  Visceral surface of the liver (posteroinferior view). Gallbladder Anterior edge Common hepatic duct Bile which is produced within the LIVER is transported out through ducts to the GALLBLADDER for storage Human Anatomy, 5e by Marieb, Mallatt, and Wilhelm Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Figure 22.27c–d   Portal triad Portal arteriole Portal venule Bile duct SINUSOIDS channels through the sinusoids in which the arterial & venous blood mix CENTRAL VEIN drains blood from sinusoids and out of liver sinusoids Central vein Human Anatomy, 5e by Marieb, Mallatt, and Wilhelm Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Figure 22.27c–d Hepatocytes Plates of hepatocytes hepatocytes Bile canaliculus Human Anatomy, 5e by Marieb, Mallatt, and Wilhelm Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Blood in portal arteriole Blood in portal venule Blood mixes w/in sinusoid Gives hepatocytes access to oxygen, nutrients, etc Blood leaves the lobules through the central veins on its way to the heart Human Anatomy, 5e by Marieb, Mallatt, and Wilhelm Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Figure 22.1  Gallbladder Liver Gallbladder Pancreas Gallbladder stores & concentrates bile Bile = cholesterol, bile acids, salts & bilirubin Human Anatomy, 5e by Marieb, Mallatt, and Wilhelm Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. www.hepfoundation.org.nz/liver.html Gallbladder Duodenum Stomach A series of ducts connect liver to gallbladder and duodenum Figure 22.20  . Duodenum Gallbladder Bile duct and sphincter Pancreas A sphincter at the duodenum controls the release of bile into the duodenum Figure 22.20  PANCREAS. Duodenum Gallbladder Main pancreatic duct and sphincter Pancreas Exocrine (digestive) function: •Acinar cells produce & secrete pancreatic enzymes(juices) •Break down proteins •Neutralizes chyme •Pancreatic juices transported In main pancreatic duct & eleased by sphincter Figure 22.29  Histology of the pancreas. Small duct Acinar cells Acinar cells (exocrine) (b)(a) Pancreatic islet (endocrine) Pancreas also has endocrine function  different cells produce hormones Chyme enters duodenum from stomach activating enteroendocrine cells Cholecystokinin (CCK) Signals release of stored bile Secretin Signals release of pancre atic juice Presence of fats stimulates release of… Presence of acids stimulates release of… Breaks down fats for better absorption Neutralizes acids http://www.execulink.com/~ekimmel/cck_flash.htm http://www.zerobio.com/secretin_flash.htm Which cell found in the epithelium of the alimentary canal produces GIF (gastric intrinsic factor) to help with the absorption of Vitamin B12 for red blood cell formation? A. Goblet cells of the small intestine B. Absorptive cells of the large intestine C. Parietal cells of the stomach D. Chief cells of the stomach E. Enteroendocrine cells of the small intestine What is another major product of the parietal cells? A. Pepsinogen B. Mucus C. Hydrochloric acid D. Gastrin E. Bile