lo-Ra based smart fishing gear, Assignments of Digital & Analog Electronics

Download lo-Ra based smart fishing gear and more Assignments Digital & Analog Electronics in PDF only on Docsity! UNIVERSITY OF DAR ES SALAAM COLLEGE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES (CoICT) DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING TE 499: PROGRESS REPORT PROJECT TITTLE: LORA-BASED SMART FISHING GEAR FOR SUSTAINABLE BLUE ECONOMY STUDENT`S NAME: HAULE, GEOFREY HERBET REG. NO: 2019-04-02387 PROGRAM: BSc. IN ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING SUPERVISOR`S NAME: SUBMISSION DATE: Dr. ABDI T. ABDALLA 19th December, 2022 ………………………… ………………………………. Student’s signature Supervisor’s signature i Abstract Fishing is an important economic activity which provides food from the sea and thereby creates employment not only for the fishermen who directly collects that food (fish) but also for those who operate in the entire chain, from the construction of vessels and equipment supplies related to the marketing of products. However, fishing practices are small-scale with poor and insufficient number of fishing facilities, hence limiting productivity and efficacy. Studies argue that the low level of technology currently used in the country could possibly be an impeding factor. A trap net is a type of fishing gear with a complex organization of nets anchored to the substrate that funnel fish into a final compartment from which they cannot escape. Fish harvested from this type of gear are often considered higher quality than those harvested from gill nets because fish can swim freely in the trap until the fishermen come to haul the nets. Certain types of bycatch can also be more readily released unharmed from this gear than others. A wide variety of stakeholders point to the application of Information and Communication Technologies in the smart fishery for sustainable fishing. In this work, a LoRa based smart fishing gear that counts and records the number of fishes in the gear and then displays them on a mobile application is proposed. The system can send alerts to the user when the required number of fish is attained, and provides navigation support to localize the distant filled gears. Results show that the system can send the location of a given gear and timely update the number of catches via the mobile application. 1 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Background The earth’s surface occupies a large percentage of water bodies (U.S. Geological Survey, 2019), making an effective use of this natural resource a viable strategy for socio-economic development . The strategy introduces the concept of Blue Economy that simultaneously encourages social inclusion, environmental sustainability, strengthening of maritime ecosystems, transparent governance and economic development (Spamer, 2015). In Tanzania, fisheries engage a large number of indigenous in fishing and other related activities (e.g., boat construction, fish vending and processing, and net mending), making it a leading blue economy sector. However, insufficient number and poor fishing facilities limit productivity of the sector and its contribution to the country’s economy (Hamidu, 2012; Spiezia, 2011). Smart fishing is a novel scientific area aiming to develop efficient and sustainable fishing. In modern fishing, the integration of emerging technologies, such as the information and communication technology (ICT), Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) can create sustainable fishing and reduce the usage of conventional techniques that develops automatic system to monitor and identify in real time and alert them whenever the gears are ready for collection. Currently the Smart Fishing Gear is developed based on GSM Module to facilitate data transmission to further reduce system cost Long Range (LoRa) IoT technology is proposed due to weakness of GSM Module that it has bandwidth lag since multiple users share the same bandwidth so the transmission can encounter interference and also it requires sim card, which means data bundle is required to enable communication (Abdalla e.t. al., 2022) 1.2 Problem Statement The designed Smart Fishing Gear Based on GSM Module has challenges that small scale fisher face, that it is not cost effective since the small scale fisher has to frequently recharge the sim card bundle and also network problem which makes the communication to be difficult. The purpose of this project is to introduce LoRa IoT technology to the Smart Fishing Gear system to improve communication efficiency and also to minimize the system cost by replacing the GSM technology. 2 1.3 Objectives 1.3.1 Main Objective The main objective of the project is to develop LoRa based smart fishing gear 1.3.2 Specific Objectives i. To gather requirements. ii. To design LoRa based smart fishing gear according to the requirement gathered in (i). iii. To implement LoRa based smart fishing gear. iv. To test and evaluate the developed system. 1.4 Significance By the end of this project a system to count the number of fishes entering the fishing gear will be develop. The system will be able to send the number of fishes entering the gear to the user (small- scale fishers) without requiring the user to frequently recharge the sim card bundle as the current smart fishing gear that is based on GSM Module. 3 2.0 Literature Review The smart fishery literature of the past decade has made great headway in increasing our understanding of the workings of IoT technologies in fish farming, particularly focusing on specific aspects of optimizing the efficient use of resources in ecosystem management . 2.1 Relevant Work Blue economy offers diverse components, including, but not limited to, fisheries, tourism, maritime transport, marine biotechnology and bioprospecting, offshore renewable energy, seabed extractive activities, and aquaculture. These Blue Economy resources, collectively called blue resources, should be utilized sustainably while creating job opportunities and improving livelihood of people. Both ecological and chemical conditions of the resources must be closely monitored (Semboja, 2021). Guided by the Five-Year National Development Plan 2021/2022 – 2025/2026 (FYDP III)1, advanced research should be conducted to address the fishers’ challenges, including loss of fishing vessels and lives, unforeseeable changes of weather conditions, small fishing vessels with short fishing trips around the offshore, and ineffective techniques for predicting fishing sites. These challenges obscure the efforts to achieve the intended results of the FYDP III. Nevertheless, the vision and strategies stipulated in the FYDP III suggest an encouraging roadmap for the country to seize opportunities available from the blue resources and accelerate her socio-economic development (Okitasari & Katramiz, 2022). 2.2 Related Work Smart Laser Technology The technologies being developed to promote sustainable fisheries include an indoor pool that simulates the ocean, laser scanners that analyses fish stocks and 3D visualization methods that create models of the seabed. CatchScanner is one of these technologies currently under development. It consists of laser technology, a 3D camera system and artificial intelligence to perform the analysis. Sending a fish through the scanner (Mathiassen & tiller, 2021). This technology is not cost effective since it involve expensive equipment since the focus of the proposed project has targeted the small-scale fishers. 6 3.1.4 System Testing At this phase, the project is going to be tested at each module of development, integration between modules, and acceptance testing which checks satisfaction of the system to the provided requirements. Through using different methods to test this project, each stage will be tested differently based on the tools used and the technique used. 3.2 Materials 3.2.1 Node MCU Module Is an open source software and hardware development environment that is built around a very inexpensive System-on-a-Chip (SoC) called the ESP826. This microcontroller will be used since it cheaper. 3.2.2 Sonar Sensor Is an electronic device that measures the distance of a target by transmitting ultrasonic sound waves, and then convert the reflected sound into an electrical signal. This sensor will be used as the fish counter that will send the number of fish entered the net to the microcontroller (Node MCU Module). 3.2.3 GPS Module Is module that receives a certain location from a satellite. GPS is a good method for finding a location when outdoors. This module will be used to find the location of gear and send the location to the microcontroller. 3.2.5 LoRa Module Is a long-distance wireless transmission technology based on spread spectrum technology. Are used to transmit and receive radio signals. This communication module will be used to transmit and receive data from microcontroller to the mobile application based on the number of fishes entered the gear and the location of the gear. 7 4.0 Work Done so Far 4.1 Block Diagram of the Proposed System Work done so far is the design of the block diagram (Figure 1) that describe the system, whereby the sensor array will be responsible for counting the number of the fishes entering the net trap through sonar sensor and send the data and location from GPS Module to the microcontroller there after the microcontroller transmit the data to LoRa module. Data in LoRa module is then transmitted to the receiving circuit of the LoRa module that sends data to the microcontroller from there Bluetooth module is used to notify the fisher, through SMS, when the specified number of fishes is detected. At any time, users can view the status of the gears via a mobile application. 4.2 Functional Requirement of the Proposed System Functional requirement of the proposed system include functions and core operations of the system were developed (Table 1) as a single system feature and form the basis of the whole hardware and software development processes. The requirements were obtained through literature review, observations and interview. Figure 1: Block Diagram of The Lora Based Smart Fishing Gear Project. 8 Table 1: Functional Requirements of the Proposed System. Ref. No Functional Description Category F1 Management of User F1.1 User should be able to register in the system Evident F1.2 System should allow user to enter their details (name, mobile number) Evident F1.3 The system should be able to save the entered details in the database Hidden F1.4 The user should be able to login in the system by providing their credentials Evident F1.5 The system should be able to validate the login credentials Hidden Management of Fishing Gear F2 F2.1 The system should show the number of fish gears owned by user Evident F2.2 System should allow the user to specify the maximum number of fish in one gear Evident F2.3 The system should be able to show the increment of number of fish in the gear Evident F2.4 The system should be able to send the SMS when the specified maximum amount is meet Hidden F2.5 The system should be able to show the exact location of fishing gear Evident F2.6 The system should be able to record the type and number of fish in a given gear Evident F2.7 The system should be able to print reports with filters capabilities Evident