Louisiana Horticulture Study Guide Exam Questions with Verified Solutions., Exams of Gardening and Horticulture

Download Louisiana Horticulture Study Guide Exam Questions with Verified Solutions. and more Exams Gardening and Horticulture in PDF only on Docsity! Louisiana Horticulture Study Guide Exam Questions with Verified Solutions. Linnaeus - Correct answer developed binomial nomenclature Binomial nomenclature - Correct answer Classification system in which each species is assigned a two-part scientific name Cultivar - Correct answer special group that retain their distinguishing features when propagated Variety - Correct answer naturally occurring subgroup within species Importance of proper naming of plants - Correct answer customer protection, legal requirements, communication between nursery and landscape pros Origins of botanical names - Correct answer 1. Countries of origin 2. Names of plant explorers 3. Descriptive Latin terms Horticultural groupings - Correct answer 1. Herbaceous or woody 2. Life span 3. Leaf retention 4. Growth habit 5. Stem structure 6. Size 7. Form 8. Temp tender 9. Light 10. Water 11. Use Functions of root system - Correct answer anchorage Absorption Conduction Storage What are two kinds of root systems? - Correct answer Fibrous Taproot Functions of the stem - Correct answer Support Conduction Storage Xylem - Correct answer Transport tissue that moves nutrients from the soil up to the leaves. Phloem - Correct answer Transport Tissue: moves manufactured food produced by the leaves and sent out through the plant. Cambium layer - Correct answer tissue between xylem and phloem What is the difference between monocots and dicots? - Correct answer Monocots are plants with a single seed Dicots are plants with two seeds Girdle - Correct answer circle of dead tissue around stem Nodes - Correct answer areas on stems where leaves emerge Internodes - Correct answer space between nodes P a g e 1 | 9 Axillary bud - Correct answer compressed dormant stem where leaf joins stem Axil - Correct answer angle of the leaf Crown - Correct answer where steam and root meet Types of roots found in plants - Correct answer -bulbs -corms -rhizomes -tubers -tuberous roots Functions of the leaf - Correct answer photosynthesis and transpiration Transpiration - Correct answer evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant Angiosperms - Correct answer Plants that develop fruit that enclose the seeds. Gymnosperms - Correct answer Plants that produces uncovered seeds; no flower or fruit List the parts of a complete flower. - Correct answer -Stamen -Pistil -Petal -Sepal List the priority in which plant parts receive food manufactured by the leaves. - Correct answer 1. Flower 2. Seeds 3. Leaves 4. Stems 5. Roots 3 primary elements essential for plant growth - Correct answer 1. Carbon (C) 2. Hydrogen (H) 3. Oxygen (O) 3 Macronutrients essentials for plant growth - Correct answer 1) Nitrogen (N) 2) Phosphorous (P) 3) Potassium (K) 7 Micronutrients needed for optimum plant growth - Correct answer 1. Boron 2. Manganese 3. Copper 4. Zinc 5. Iron 6. Molybdenum 7. Chlorine 3 characteristics of light that affect plant growth - Correct answer intensity, quality, and duration Foot-candle - Correct answer measurement of light; amount of light in one square foot one foot away from candle List three functions of water in plants. - Correct answer 1) an ingredient in photosynthesis. 2) A solvent for nutrients or other materials made by the plant. 3) Cools the plant during transpiration. P a g e 2 | 9 House plants propagated from seeds - Correct answer Schaffer False Aralia Tree philodendron Palms Cacti Succulents House plants propagated from spores - Correct answer FERNS: Boston Ferns. Birds nest Ferns. Maidenhair Ferns. Sore - Correct answer spores produces under fern fronds Distinguishing insect characteristics - Correct answer 1. Types of legs 2. Types of mouthparts 3. Absence of wings Three Insect Body Parts - Correct answer Head Thorax Abdomen Types of insect mouthparts - Correct answer chewing, sucking, piercing-sucking, lapping, sponging Two types of metamorphosis - Correct answer gradual and complete Instar - Correct answer developmental stage Stadium - Correct answer time between instars Pupa - Correct answer stage between larva and adult Non-pathogenic plant diseases - Correct answer 1. Nutrient deficiencies 2. Lack of or excess soil moisture 3. Too low or high temps 4. Air pollution 5. Soil pH 6. Hardpans 7. Chemical injury Three factors of a pathogenic disease - Correct answer 1) susceptible plant 2) Parasitic organism 3) Favorable environmental conditions (for the disease) Four groups of plant parasitic organisms - Correct answer fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes Parasite - Correct answer an organism that feeds on a living host Are all fungi bad - Correct answer no Saprophyte - Correct answer beneficial fungi Methods of penetration of plant tissue - Correct answer direct, through stomata’s, through wounds Factors necessary for infection - Correct answer moisture, temp, stage of plant growth How do bacteria reproduce? - Correct answer simple cell division Nematodes - Correct answer eel-shaped worms that live in soil P a g e 5 | 9 Choruses - Correct answer yellowing of leaves Damping-off - Correct answer destruction of seedling near soil line; seedling collapses on the soil surface Necrotic - Correct answer dead or discolored Risks of using too much pesticide - Correct answer can harm the plant or initiate tolerance to the pest EC - Correct answer emulsifiable concentrate G - Correct answer granules WP or W - Correct answer wet table powders Common terms on label - Correct answer 1. Brand/product name 2. Common name 3. Type of formulation 4. Signal words or symbols 5. Directions for use Directions for use - Correct answer best source of information on label Steps to successful pest management - Correct answer 1. Prevention 2. Early detection 3. Correct id of pest 4. Proper selection of control material 5. Correct water pH 6. Correct application method Three methods of pest prevention without spraying - Correct answer early removal of vegetation, Early planting, Companion planting Three methods of pest prevention mechanically - Correct answer early planting, Basic barriers, Black light traps Beneficial insects - Correct answer A) Lady Beetles B) Praying Mantis C) Green Lacewings D) Syrpuidfly Laura’s E) Assassin Bugs F) Ground Beetles Weed classification - Correct answer monocots, dicots, and growth habits Bermuda grass - Correct answer leaf texture: fine Shade tolerance: very poor Drought resistance: excellent Wear resistance: very good Bahia grass - Correct answer leaf texture: course Shade tolerance: good Drought resistance: excellent Wear resistance: good Centipede grass - Correct answer leaf texture: course Shade tolerance: intermediate P a g e 6 | 9 Drought resistance: poor Wear resistance: poor Zoysiagrass - Correct answer leaf texture: med-fine Shade tolerance: good Drought resistance: excellent Wear resistance: excellent St. Augustine grass - Correct answer leaf texture: very coarse Shade tolerance: excellent Drought resistance: fair Wear resistance: intermediate Carpet grass - Correct answer leaf texture: very coarse Shade tolerance: intermediate to fair Drought resistance: poor Wear resistance: intermediate to poor Methods of vegetative turf grass establishment - Correct answer -Stalinizing -Sprigging -Plugging -Sodding -Strip sodding Steps to establishing turf grass area - Correct answer 1. Treat weeds 2. Remove debris 3. Remove and store topsoil 4. Subsurface drainage 5. Return topsoil + amendments 6. Firm and level 7. till 6-8" 8. Establish 1 degree grade 9. Incorporate starter fret 10. Install sod 11. Top-dress 12. Water 13. Mow Steps to turf grass renovation - Correct answer 1. Determine cause of deterioration 2. Eradicate undesirable 3. Remove thatch 4. Cultivate 5. Apply lime/fret 6. Seed or vegetative establishment 7. Top-dress 8. Irrigate TURF GRASS rate of fertilization - Correct answer 1 lb. N per 1,000 sq. ft. 1/3 rule - Correct answer no more than 1/3 of the blade should be cut Thatch - Correct answer intermingled layer of dead and living plant material on soil surface Annual turf weed - Correct answer completes entire life cycle in one growing season Winter annual turf weed - Correct answer annual that grows during cool season Biennial turf weed - Correct answer requires two years to flower; first year vegetative growth; second year produces seed Perennial turf weed - Correct answer grows indefinitely year after year P a g e 7 | 9