Nursing Concepts and Theories: Examination 2024, Exams of Nursing

Download Nursing Concepts and Theories: Examination 2024 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! LPN to rn claywell ch 5 examination 2024 with correct answers provided 1. Which of the following are the concepts common among most nursing philosophies, models, and theories? 1. a. 2. Person, nurse, health, and environment 3. b. 4. Person, physician, health, and environment 5. c. 6. Person, nurse, health, and culture 7. d. 8. Person, nurse, environment, and culture - answers>ANS: A 9. Person, nurse, health, and environment are the four universal concepts central to nursing practice. The physician and culture are not considered to be among the four universal concepts. These themes are described, defined, ordered, and interrelated in distinctive, meaningful, and powerful ways as nursing theorists endeavor to continue the development of nursings unique body of knowledge. 2. What skills would a nurse demonstrate if the nurse reached the competent stage of Patricia Benners theory of skill acquisition? 10. a. 11. Relies on more experienced nurses for guidance 12. b. 13. Can multitask, set goals, and think analytically 14. c. 15. Can see the whole picture and recognizes subtle changes in condition 16. d. 17. Recognizes patterns and responds automatically - answers>ANS: B 18. The competent nurse is able to multitask, set goals, and think analytically. The advanced beginner is the new graduate nurse with marginally acceptable performance who relies on other experienced nurses. The proficient nurse sees the whole and focuses on long- term goals, and the level of expert nurse is reached after considerable experience (recognizes patterns and has responses that are automatic and integrated). 3. A group of nursing students was discussing the functions of nursing theories. Which statement below would give the impression a student requires more review of the material? 19. a. 20. Nursing theories help guide professional practice by interpreting evidence. 21. b. 22. Nursing theories have little effect on decision-making in practice. 23. c. 24. Nursing theories are influenced by personal values and beliefs. 25. d. 26. Nursing theories influence professional behaviors. - answers>ANS: B 27. The statements that nursing theories serve as guidelines for professional practice, nursing theories are influenced by values and beliefs, and nursing theories influence professional behaviors are true about nursing theories. The statement that nursing theories have little effect on decision-making is incorrect because nursing theories do have a significant effect on decision-making. 4. What criterion would the nurse use to support Hildegard Peplaus Theory of Interpersonal Relations? 28. a. 29. The relationship between nurse and doctor 30. b. 31. The mutual caring relationship 32. c. 33. Meeting the needs of nurse and patient 34. d. 35. The relationship between nurse and patient - answers>ANS: D 72. A change in one part of the whole will have an effect on another is an accurate understanding of systems theory. Humans have certain basic needs explains Maslows Theory of the Hierarchy of Needs. One must consider how humans cope or do not cope with stress is an example of Betty Neumans Healthcare Systems Model. Roles change over a lifetime illustrates role theory. 9. Which statement about nursing conceptual models is true? 73. a. 74. Nursing conceptual models provide a broad explanation of the world. 75. b. 76. Nursing conceptual models are composed of a defined and interrelated set of concepts. 77. c. 78. Nursing conceptual models are abstract concepts that propose outcomes. 79. d. 80. Nursing conceptual models are related constructs that broadly explain a phenomenon of interest. - answers>ANS: D 81. Nursing conceptual models are related constructs that broadly explain a phenomenon of interest is true of nursing conceptual models. Nursing conceptual models provide a broad explanation of the world is true of nursing philosophies, and Nursing conceptual models are composed of a defined and interrelated set of concepts and Nursing conceptual models are abstract concepts that propose outcomes are true of nursing theories. 10. Which of the following is an example of the application of Levines Conservation Model to the clinical setting? 82. a. 83. Teaching the patient to self-administer insulin 84. b. 85. Encouraging the patient to ambulate 86. c. 87. Obtaining a wheelchair for the patient 88. d. 89. Arranging for the patients family to visit - answers>ANS: C 90. Obtaining a wheelchair for the patient is a correct example of the application of Levines Conservation Model. Teaching the patient to self-administer insulin and encouraging the patient to ambulate will not facilitate rest, and arranging for the patients family to visit may or may not further stress the patient. 11. Select the scientific theory used in several nursing theories to explain the following scenario: One nurse, whose adult son died in the ER 11 years ago, contends that she can never walk into a hospital again and quits her job. A second nurse, whose husband died in the hospital, continues to work her shifts responsibly and compassionately without incident. 91. a. 92. Role theory 93. b. 94. Adaptation theory 95. c. 96. Developmental theories 97. d. 98. Systems theory - answers>ANS: B 99. Adaptation theory explains the ability of living things to adjust, or adapt, in response to continuous internal or external stimuli. This theory illustrates how humans cope or dont cope with physical, developmental, emotional, intellectual, social, and spiritual stressors. Role theory describes how roles of individuals in their family may change over a lifetime. Developmental theories explain the interdependence of the systems in the body helping to reveal the presence of health and illness. Systems theory describes the relationship of the environment, both internal and external, with the individual and how changing one part affects all other parts. 12. Identify the catalyst of Jean Watsons Theory of Care. 100. a. 101. Personal values and beliefs 102. b. 103. Belief that nursing practice should be autonomous 104. c. 105. Changes in health care delivery and patient satisfaction survey responses 106. d. 107. Theories promoting the capacity of self-care - answers>ANS: A 108. Jean Watsons Theory of Care (1979) emerged from her own values and beliefs guided by her commitment to the caring-healing role or nursing and its mission to help sustain humanity and wholeness as the foundation of health and nursings purpose for existing. The belief that nursing practice should be autonomous, changes in health care delivery and patient satisfaction survey responses, and the three theories promoting the capacity of self-care have nothing in common with Jean Watsons Theory of Care. 13. Which of the following is an example of the application of Madeleine Leiningers Cultural Care Theory of Diversity and Universality? 109. a. 110. Preparing a patient for a medical procedure by using medical terminology 111. b. 112. Learning about diverse ethnic patient populations 113. c. 114. Planning nursing care in a standardized manner ensuring that everyone is treated the same way 115. d. 116. Asking a nonEnglish-speaking patient to provide an English-speaking person to translate details of care - answers>ANS: B 117. Demonstrating cultural competency includes learning about the cultural community as individuals, families, and communities and their expressive abilities of caring, values, beliefs, actions, and practices that are based on their cultural lifestyles. This will ensure that nurses deliver the appropriate level of care respectfully based on these aspects with a noted increase in nursing satisfaction performance, healing, and well-being. Speaking in medical jargon is discouraged and does not help to explain or alleviate anxiety. Planning individualized nursing care is the goal, rather than treating everyone in the same manner. Asking a nonEnglish-speaking patient to provide a translator does not demonstrate respect for a diverse population. 14. Which is an example of Dorothea Orems Theory of Self-Care Deficit? 118. a. 119. A nurse asks a patient how much she can do for herself following a stroke. 120. b. 121. A nurse performs total care on a stroke patient to conserve the patients energy. progress logically to a more detailed conclusion. The other answer choices are all examples of inductive reasoning. Reasoning proceeds from the specific to the general. 18. What example illustrates the conclusion that can be drawn from inductive reasoning? 154. a. 155. Bachelors are unmarried men and Danny is unmarried; therefore, Danny is a bachelor. 156. b. 157. Every eagle seen this week has dark feathers; therefore, all eagles have dark feathers. 158. c. 159. Most Ford vehicles are reliable, so the Ford you just bought will be reliable, too. 160. d. 161. All dogs have fleas; therefore, my dog has fleas. - answers>ANS: B 162. Every eagle seen this week has dark feathers; therefore, all eagles have dark feathers is correct. Inductive reasoning proceeds from the specific to the general. That is, an observation is made, and patterns are recognized; this leads to a tentative hypothesis and then finally a general conclusion about a broad generalization. The other answer choices are all examples of deductive reasoning. Deductive reasoning goes from the general to the specific. 163. MULTIPLE RESPONSE 1. What parts make up and work together in Imogene Kings Theory of Goal Attainment? (Select all that apply.) 164. a. 165. Creating a method to evaluate outcomes 166. b. 167. Defining quality nursing care 168. c. 169. Setting goals 170. d. 171. Focusing on self-care 172. e. 173. Maintaining a clean environment - answers>ANS: A, B, C 174. Imogene King believed that humans are composed of three interacting and changing systems consisting of social, interpersonal, and personal systems. Creating a method to evaluate outcomes, defining quality nursing care, and setting goals are reflective of Kings theory that emphasizes goal setting and evaluating outcomes. Focusing on self-care and maintaining a clean environment are not included in Kings theory. 2. How would you justify that a nursing theory is, in fact, a middle-range nursing theory? (Select all that apply.) 175. a. 176. It is simple, clear, generalizable, and accessible. 177. b. 178. It focuses on answering specific nursing practice questions. 179. c. 180. It predicts the effects of one phenomenon on another. 181. d. 182. It explains relationships. 183. e. 184. It is built on several important adapted scientific theories. - answers>ANS: B, C, D 185.Middle-range nursing theories focus on answering specific nursing practice questions. They can describe phenomena, explain relationships, and predict the effects of one phenomenon on another. All theories should be clear, simple, generalizable, important, and accessible, not just middle-range nursing theories. Nursing theories, in general, are built on adapted scientific theories, not just middle-range nursing theories.