Marriage and Family Therapy Final Exam, Exams of Psychology

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Marriage and Family Therapy Final Exam Skills of a person who will be a good marriage and family therapist - - Good interpersonal skills combined with emotional maturity - Ability to convert research to practice - Lifelong learning capacity and drive - Done their own work - Plan to address their own issues - Creativity in career and development - Org. skills and business sense - Capable of embracing code of ethics - Communication and presentation skills Therapists are galvanized _____________ _________________. - Vomit buckets Two kinds of people who don't do well as therapists - Researchers and flakes Client Expectations - - You will bring my partner back - You will get us back together - You will agree the marriage is not reconcilable - You will give me more support for my case - You will listen only - You will tell me what to do - You will not confront me on my issues Goals of Marriage and Family Therapy - - Comprehensive assessment - Joining with the couple or family - Working for the relationship - Establishment of goals and creation of contract - Therapist assessment of capacity to work with client - Establish and maintain admin control - Identification of key factors impacting clients (addictions, traumas, etc) - Encouragement of resistant or non-participating clients - Developing a fervency to work through the problems Joining - process of getting into client's system and learning their world Therapist assessment of capacity to work with client - Training (I have the necessary training) Issues (I'm comfortable addressing specific things) Therapist (Does anything invalidate my work with them) Why do some clients change and others don't? - - They own and embrace their situation - I know my swamp and I'll keep it - Energy: a passion and drive to work through the issues - Openness to new info and influence - Will: they make up their mind, they will give themselves a new way of life - Internal time clock goes off Behavioral Model of Attraction - 1. Sampling and Estimation (radar of attraction) 2. Bargaining (exchanging for access) 3. Commitment (Benefits - Costs = Comparison/Satisfaction level) 4. Institutionalization (marriage etc) Therapist functions - Interprets Clarifies Informs Understands Positive Relationship Model Constructs alternatives To will courage Listening and speaking skills Modification of behavior Reduction of hostility Time for healing with support Referral information Another model of attraction (circle thing) - The Look (template of attraction) Eros (sexual attraction) Interests Values/Beliefs/Faith Three stages of object relations theory - 1. Romance (soul mate, feel like i've known them forever) 2. Power struggle (made a commitment and expectations roll out) 3. Maturity (recognize that no single person is going to be able to meet all of my needs) Mistrust Issues Processes - 1. Flirtation/quick attachment 2. Fusion - Date 3. Vetting (looking for ways to disqualify person) 4. Scenarios (basically sabotages situations) Story of the Courtship (options) - Progressively up Progressively down * We are spiritual beings. Our souls and our spirits. - Schedule regular pleasure and fun. Say no to too many commitments. - Practice good hygiene habits. Get nice things to wear to bed. - Talk about and practice regular sexual activity - Talk to one another about concerns and not everybody else - Make a deal about who does what - Have a sense of order, direction, and purpose - Appropriate levels of dependence and independence. - Work on the marital atmosphere—because the atmosphere can be changed. Contracting - cognitive behavioral approach that helps couples learn how to trade differently What negates a loving relationship - - Judgmentalism * To have and express negative opinions, generally * Expertise is not judgmentalism * Judgmentalism is having opinions about everything - Low Energy Output * Some people are just too lazy to be in a relationship - Disordered Behavior * Remember that there are telling signs: angry all the time, always in a conflict, hand grenades in a classroom - Persistent Irritating Habits * Oriental view of humanity that we all need some of our rough edges sanded off Characteristics of a dysfunctional marriage***know these - - Loss of interest in family members and functions - Chronic and unresolved conflicts - Family seems to be drifting apart - Poor interpersonal relations at home and away - Lower than usual achievement levels - Marked changes in behavior - Defensiveness - Low threshold of emotional control - Undue suspicion - Chronic depression - Overreaction to situational problems - Distorted communications Divorce official definition - the social, emotional, and legal process through which former spouses come to regard themselves and be regarded by others as single Other definitions of divorce - - a process - a conflict management tool - a psychological amputation - a restructuring of the entire family system Two phases of divorce - Decision-making and restructuring Decision making phase of divorce - The desire to end things. Usually one person is ahead of the other emotionally. And at some point, they hit physical separation Bundt Cake Therapy - Same five ingredients, different swirl everytime Five sub phases of the restructuring phase of divorce - Emotional, Social, Economic, Parental, and Legal Emotional sub phase of divorce - - Grief (denial, anger, fear) - Guilt and Failure - Acceptance - Managing daily life - Understanding why marriage failed/accepting one's contribution - Developing autonomy and long range goals - Decourting process (they courted and intertwined and unhooking) - Many run from their emotions (won't deal with them at all) Social sub phase of divorce - - Informing family - Death of old social structures - Building new relationships - Loss of in-laws - Encountering exes socially with new partners - Churches and religious experiences Economic sub phase of divorce - - Generally everyone loses, especially ex-wife - Living arrangements, child care, job skills, new budgets, credit, health insurance - Economic secrets come out Staggered disclosure - new piece of information that distorts your personal narrative, especially in divorce Parental sub phase of divorce - - Children tend to blame themselves - Children are underserved in the therapeutic process - Feel they should get parents back together (harbor fantasies about that) - Used and triangulated for info Legal sub phase of divorce - - Adversarial process (makes conflict worse, not better) - Attorneys that prolong for billable hours The therapeutic process is not a clean deal but a - dynamic deal Therapy with divorcing couples is (and explain) - Grief work - couples will be at different places emotionally - They will be surprised at who shows up and who doesn't - staggered disclosure - Using kids to beat one another up or get info - Entering workplace, social media, friendships to get vengeance continuing education - voluntary or mandated postgrad training, typically in the form of workshops and in-service training programs peer review - a process of assessing another therapist's professional procedures or intended procedures licensing - statutory process established by a government agency, granting permission to persons having met predetermined qualifications to practice a specific profession certification - a statutory process established by a government agency allowing persons who have met predetermined qualifications to call themselves by a particular titles and prohibiting the use of that title without a certificate confidentiality - an ethical standard aimed at protecting client privacy by ensuring that information received in a therapeutic relationship will not be disclosed without prior client consent malpractice - a legal concept addressing the failure to provide a level of professional skill or render a level of professional services ordinarily expected of professionals in a similar situation informed consent - the legal rights of patients or research subjects to be told of the purposes and risks involved before agreeing to participate e-therapy - therapy that involves the use of Internet or text messaging psychodynamic models - emphasize insight, motivation, unconscious conflict, early infant-caregiver attachments, unconscious intrapsychic object relations, and more recently, actual relationships and their impact on inner experience transgenerational models - technique in which aspects of the clients inner life are reflected back in a nonjudgmental way to strengthen a sense of self and encourage self-esteem intersubjective field - the interactive space that involves both the therapist and client in which both parties are implicated in unconscious or psychodynamic intimacy, exploration, and change organizing principles - the mutually informing unconscious patterns established by client and analyst that structure their experiences together two-person psychology - a term from more contemporary forms of psychoanalysis that recognizes the mutuality (unconscious and conscious) in the therapeutic dyad that leads to co-constructed therapeutic gains blank screen - in psychoanalytic therapy, the passive, neutral, unrevealing behavior of the analyst, onto which the patient may project his or her fantasies phenomenological - the view that to fully understand the causes of another person's behavior requires an understanding not of the physical or objective reality of the person's world but of how he or she subjectively experiences the world emotionally focused therapy (EFT) - an experiential approach that attempts to change a couple's or family's negative interactions while helping them to cement their emotional bond family sculpting - a physical arrangement of the members of a family in space, with the placement of each person determined by an individual family member acting as "director" symbolic-experiential family therapy (S-EFT) - multigenerational approach that uses therapy to address both individual and family relational patterns. Therapist assumes a pivotal role in helping family members dislodge rigid and repetitive ways of interacting by substituting more spontaneous and flexible ways of accepting and dealing with their impulses co-therapy - the simultaneous involvement of two therapists, often for training purposes, in working with individual, couple, or family Gestalt family therapy - a form of experiential family therapy that focuses on here-and-now experiences in an effort to heighten self-awareness and increase self-direction human validation process model - a model of family therapy that emphasizes the collaborative efforts of therapist and family members to achieve family "wellness" by releasing the potential viewed as inherent in every family family life fact chronology - an experiential technique of Satir's in which clients retrace their family history, particularly the family's relationship patterns, to better understand current family functioning family reconstruction - approach whereby family members are guided back through stages of their lives in order to discover and unlock dysfunctional patterns from the past metacommunication - a message about a message, typically nonverbal, offered simultaneously with a verbal message, structuring, qualifying, or adding meaning to that message symmetrical - a type of dyadic transaction or communication pattern characterized by equality and the minimization of differences complementary - a type of dyadic transaction or communication pattern in which inequality and the maximization of differences exist and in which each participant's response provokes or enhances a counter-response in the other in a continuing loop symmetrical escalation - a spiraling competitive effect in the communication between two people whose relationship is based on equality so that vindictiveness leads to greater vindictiveness in return, viciousness to greater viciousness and so forth paradoxical injunction - a communication to obey a command that is internally inconsistent and contradictory, forcing the receiver to disobey in order to obey (i.e. do not follow these instructions) first-order changes - temporary or superficial changes within a system that do not alter the basic organization of the system itself second-order changes - fundamental changes in a system's organization, function, and frame of reference, leading to permanent change in its interactive patterns. therapeutic double bind - a general term that describes a variety of paradoxical techniques used to change entrenched family patterns prescribing the symptom - technique in which the client is directed to voluntarily engage in the symptomatic behavior; as a result, the client is put in the position of rebelling and abandoning the symptom or obeying, thereby admitting it is under voluntary control relabeling - changing the label attached to a person or problem from negative to positive paradoxical interventions - a therapeutic technique whereby a therapist gives a client or family a directive he or she wants resisted; as a result of defying the directive, a change takes place systemic family therapy - A Milan-model therapeutic approach in which the family, as an evolving system, is viewed as continuing to use old epistemology that no longer fits its current behavior patterns; the therapist indirectly introduces new info into the family system and encourages alternative epistemologies to develop counterparadox - in systemic family therapy, placing the family in a therapeutic double bind in order to counter the members' paradoxical interactions positive connotation - reframes the family's problem-maintaining behavior so that symptoms are seen as positive or good because they help maintain the system's balance and thus facilitate family cohesion and well-being rituals - symbolic ceremonial prescriptions offered by a therapist, intended to address family conflict over its covert rules, to be enacted by the family in order to provide clarity or insight into their roles and relationships hypothesizing - a continual interactive process of speculating and making assumptions about the family situation neutrality - a nonjudgmental and impartial position, eliciting all viewpoints, intended to enable the therapist to avoid being caught up in family "games" through coalitions or alliances circular questioning - an interviewing technique aimed at eliciting differences in perception about events or relationships from different family members reinforcements - a response, in the form of a reward or punishment, intended to change the probability of the occurrence of a previous response behavioral parent training - training parents in behavioral principles and the use of contingency-management procedures in altering or modifying undesirable behavior in their children behavioral couples therapy - training couples in communication skills, the exchange of positive reinforcements, cognitive restructuring, and problem-solving skills in order to facilitate marital satisfaction operant conditioning -