Microbial Evolution, Classification, and Phylogenetic Analysis, Quizzes of Microbiology

Download Microbial Evolution, Classification, and Phylogenetic Analysis and more Quizzes Microbiology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Primary Producer DEFINITION 1 AutotrophsUse CO2 as sole C source; self feedersEx: Plants, most phototrophs and chemolithotrophs TERM 2 Consumers DEFINITION 2 HeterotrophsUse preformed organic C molecules as C sourceChemorganotrophs TERM 3 Strict Aerobes DEFINITION 3 Only grow in presence of oxygen TERM 4 Strict anaerobes DEFINITION 4 Only grow in absence of oxygenDie if traces of oxygen around TERM 5 Facultative Anaerobes DEFINITION 5 Can grow in presence or absence of oxygen TERM 6 Evolution DEFINITION 6 Need:Essential elements for life (CHON)Temperature range allowing liquid waterContinual energy sourceFirst water on Earth was steamChronology: Origin of earth --> ocean formation --> bacteria --> anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (non O2 producing) --> anoxic Earth (N2, CO2, CH4 atmosphere) --> cyanobacteria --> oxygenation --> eukaryotes --> algal diversity --> shelly invertebrates --> vascular plants --> mammals --> humans TERM 7 Stromatolites DEFINITION 7 Fossilized microbial matsCan be >3.6 bil years oldEvidence for microbial life on early earth TERM 8 Surface Origin Hypothesis DEFINITION 8 Highly variable, hostile conditionsStanley Miller TERM 9 Subsurface Origin Hypothesis DEFINITION 9 Life arose in hot, O2-free conditions, probably on the ocean floorMixing of hydrothermal water & ocean water causes preciptatesPorous mounds trap mineralsFe/Mg silicates and Ni catalyze formation of organic moleculesOrganic molecules concentrate & interact in poresSystem powered by reduced inorganic compounds and pH gradientRoot of evolution tree close to many hyperthermophilic organisms TERM 10 Chicken or Egg DEFINITION 10 DNA contains genetic informationProteins NEEDED for DNA replicationDNA encodes proteins; hard to tell which came first