Terms and Definitions in International Relations, Quizzes of Political Science

Download Terms and Definitions in International Relations and more Quizzes Political Science in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 global politics DEFINITION 1 the politics of global social relations where regions and continents are transcended. TERM 2 international relations DEFINITION 2 the study of interaction of states in an international system. TERM 3 NGO DEFINITION 3 an organization with policy goals but no governmental makeup that acts together. TERM 4 transnational actor DEFINITION 4 any NGO actor that has relations with an actor from another country. TERM 5 governments DEFINITION 5 the people and agencies who have power to determine who gets what. TERM 6 nonstate actor DEFINITION 6 any participant in global politics that is neither created by or serving a government. TERM 7 MNC DEFINITION 7 A business or firm with many aspects of its operations located in countries around the world. TERM 8 Nation DEFINITION 8 a community of people who share a common identity. TERM 9 state DEFINITION 9 a legal territorial entity with a stable population and government TERM 10 nation state DEFINITION 10 a political community in which the state claims legitimacy because it represents the nation TERM 21 interparadigm debate DEFINITION 21 the main debate between liberalism and realism TERM 22 paradigm DEFINITION 22 a model or example that provides the essential basis for a theory. TERM 23 cosmopolitan culture DEFINITION 23 a pattern of relations within which people share the same goals generally to improve that culture for all members TERM 24 risk culture DEFINITION 24 a pattern of relations within which people share the same perils TERM 25 global governance DEFINITION 25 the regulation and coordination of transnational issue areas by nation-states. TERM 26 cosmopolitan democracy DEFINITION 26 a condition in which international organizations and transnational corporations are accountable to the peoples of the world TERM 27 protestant reformation DEFINITION 27 a social movement in response to the belief that the catholic church had become corrupt TERM 28 30 years war DEFINITION 28 the last of the great european wars over religion TERM 29 peace of westphalia DEFINITION 29 ended the 30 years war and determined the political rights and authority of european monarchs TERM 30 sovereign equality DEFINITION 30 the idea that all countires have the same rights TERM 31 peace of utrecht DEFINITION 31 ended the war of spanish succession and refined the territorial scope of soverign rights of states TERM 32 national self determination DEFINITION 32 the desire of distinct national groups to become states to rule themselveds TERM 33 concert of europe DEFINITION 33 meeting of 5 great european powers to determine the future "rules of the game" TERM 34 congress of vienna DEFINITION 34 redrew the political map after the end of the napoleonic wars TERM 35 congress of berlin DEFINITION 35 a meeting of european states that wished to colonize africa. redrew the political map of africa. TERM 46 Liberal Democracy DEFINITION 46 states with representative governments and capitalist economies that are promoters of multilateralism and free trade TERM 47 detente DEFINITION 47 relaxation of tension between the east and west TERM 48 rapprochement DEFINITION 48 reestablishment of more friendly relations between china and the US in the 1970s TERM 49 ostpolik DEFINITION 49 designed to help develop relations between west germany and the warsaw pact TERM 50 ICBM DEFINITION 50 weapons systems the US and USSR designed to threaten each other with. TERM 51 SDI DEFINITION 51 US defense plan that resembled a "missle shield" to protect against soviet missles. TERM 52 glasnot DEFINITION 52 policy of greater openess and toleration of internal criticism by mikhail gorbachev TERM 53 prestroika DEFINITION 53 gorbachevs policy of reconstructing intended to modernize soviet political and economic systems TERM 54 START DEFINITION 54 negotiation process that reversed the nuclear arms race TERM 55 UN Charter DEFINITION 55 the charter of the UN that outlined the responsibilites, rights, and limitations of the UN and its agencies. TERM 56 EU DEFINITION 56 a bunch of gay european countries TERM 57 anarchy DEFINITION 57 a system operating in the absence of any central government TERM 58 capitalism DEFINITION 58 a system of production in which human labor and its products are commodities that are bought and sold in the marketplace TERM 59 hyperpower DEFINITION 59 describes the US after the end of the cold war. the one unchallenged power in the world TERM 60 oligarchs DEFINITION 60 a political system in which a few people control a state TERM 71 free trade DEFINITION 71 an essentil element of capitalism that argues for no barriers or minmal barriers to the exchange of goods, etc. TERM 72 empire DEFINITION 72 a political entity which may or may not be a state and posses home territories and foreign territories TERM 73 collective security DEFINITION 73 arrangement where each state in a system accepts that the security of one state is a concern to all TERM 74 integration DEFINITION 74 a process of ever closer union between states in a regional or international context. TERM 75 functionalism DEFINITION 75 cooperation should first be aimed at resolving specific regional or transnational problems. TERM 76 transnational nonstate actor DEFINITION 76 any nonstate actor that has relations with any actor from another country. TERM 77 interdependence DEFINITION 77 a condition where states are affected by actions taken by others. TERM 78 relative gains DEFINITION 78 the concern that some states may benefeit more than others. a constraint on states cooperation. TERM 79 neoliberalism DEFINITION 79 believe the anarchic system can be managed by regimes and institutions. TERM 80 liberalism of privelege DEFINITION 80 democratic states have a responsibility to spread liberal values for the benefeit of all people of the earth. TERM 81 radical liberalism DEFINITION 81 the utopian side of liberalism. complete wackos that think peace is obtainable. TERM 82 democratic defeceit DEFINITION 82 leaders with policy making power are appointed not elected. TERM 83 society of states DEFINITION 83 an association of soverign states based on their common interests and values TERM 84 economic base DEFINITION 84 the substructure of the society is the relationship between the owners and workers. TERM 85 superstructure DEFINITION 85 the political structure that is controlled by those who own the means to production. TERM 96 elite nationalism DEFINITION 96 the use of nationalism to encourage unity within a state. TERM 97 failed state DEFINITION 97 a state that does not command the primary loyalty of its citizens TERM 98 premodern state DEFINITION 98 a state where its citizens identity aligns with a national, religious, or ethnic community. TERM 99 modern state DEFINITION 99 a political unit in which the citizens identify with and see the state as legitimate TERM 100 postmodern state DEFINITION 100 a political unit within which citizens less nationalistic and more cosmopolitan in their outlook. TERM 101 material interest DEFINITION 101 the tangible, physical goals of state officials TERM 102 ideational interest DEFINITION 102 the psychological, moral, and ethical goals of a state as it relates to forgeign policy TERM 103 national interest DEFINITION 103 the combination of material and ideal goals for the government of a state TERM 104 diplomacy DEFINITION 104 the process by which international actors seek to communicate as they seek to resolve conflicts TERM 105 public diplomacy DEFINITION 105 the use of media, the internet, and other social outlets to communicate the message of a state. TERM 106 coercive diplomacy DEFINITION 106 the use of force and diplomatic methods to force one state to concede to another state. TERM 107 hard power DEFINITION 107 the material threats leaders employ to achieve the goals of their state TERM 108 nonpolar DEFINITION 108 international system in which power is diffused across many states TERM 109 reciprocity DEFINITION 109 a form of statecraft that employs retalitory strategy, only cooperating if others do likewise TERM 110 positivists DEFINITION 110 analysts who use scientific method to structure their research TERM 121 preventive war DEFINITION 121 launching a war to eliminate a perceived threat from another country TERM 122 regimes DEFINITION 122 governing arrangements in a regional or global policy area TERM 123 international law DEFINITION 123 the formal rules of conduct that states aknowledge and contract between themselves TERM 124 international organization DEFINITION 124 any institution with membership from 3 or more countries. TERM 125 supernational global organization DEFINITION 125 an authoritative international organization that operates above the national state TERM 126 veto power DEFINITION 126 the right of the 5 permanent memebers of the security council to forbid any actions by the UN TERM 127 peace enforcement DEFINITION 127 designed to bring hostile parties to an agreement and may occur without consent of the parties TERM 128 preventive diplomacy DEFINITION 128 measures taken to keep a disagreement from escalating TERM 129 peacemaking DEFINITION 129 active measures taken to seek a resolution to situation that has already escalated TERM 130 peacekeeping DEFINITION 130 the interposition of 3rd party military personell to keep waring parties apart TERM 131 post conflict peace building DEFINITION 131 activites launched after a conflict has ended that seek to end the condition that caused the conflict TERM 132 human security DEFINITION 132 freedom from fear and freedom from want TERM 133 intervention DEFINITION 133 direct involvement within a state by an outside actor to reach an outcome preffered by the outside actor. TERM 134 responsiblity to protect DEFINITION 134 a UN publication that says states have a responsibility to intervene in a state that is violating its citizens human rights TERM 135 new world order DEFINITION 135 post cold war rhetoric that is based on neoliberal values.