Understanding Unions: History, Functions, and Labor Relations, Exams of Nursing

Download Understanding Unions: History, Functions, and Labor Relations and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! 2 Midterm Exam Questions And Answers Latest Update 2024.Assured Success A+. TRUE/FALSE 1 : The rate of unionization among Canadian workers continues to rise.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : B 2 : A yellow-dog contract was an early anti-union tactic whereby employers circulated the names of known union supporters so they wouldn’t be hired.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : B 3 : Today, there are more women in unions than men.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 4 : The Trades Unions Act allowed unions to pursue the goals of collective bargaining without persecution and gave them the ability to strike.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A Jane 1 2 5 : The labour relations board is a department within Human Resources Development Canada.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : B 6 : Most of Canada’s unionized workforce is under federal labour relations jurisdiction.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : B 7 : Unions are often concerned with changes in business practices, such as outsourcing work.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 8 : One of the duties of a provincial labour board is to hear complaints and make decisions regarding strikes and lockouts.a. Trueb. False A : true Jane 2 2Correct Answer : B 16 : The steps in a typical union organizing campaign depend on the industry in which the employees work.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : B 17 : During a union organizing campaign, the organizer will schedule an initial union meeting to attract more supporters.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 18 : A membership card gives authority to a union to act as a representative of an employee for purposes of collective bargaining.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 19 : Labour relations in the public sector tend to have a political foundation.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 20 : An unfair labour practice is an accusation that an individual, employer, or union has done something that violates the provincial labour code.a. Trueb. False Jane 5 2A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 21 : Unions can force employers to dismiss, discipline, or discriminate against non-union employees.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : B 22 : An example of an unfair labour process is an employer making unilateral changes to employee working conditions during a certification campaign.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 23 : It is possible for a union to be decertified if the majority of bargaining-unit members decide they want to be represented by another union.a. Trueb. False A : true Jane 6 2B : false Correct Answer : A 24 : Unions typically do not attempt to achieve greater participation in management decisions involving issues such as job content, productivity standards, and subcontracting of work.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : B 25 : Unionization restricts the freedom of management to formulate HR policy and can challenge the authority of supervisors.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 26 : Provincial governments have given public employees the right to strike.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 27 : Most local unions are members of national or international unions.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 28 : Employee associations may function in the same way as unions, being just as aggressive in organizing and representing their members.a. Trueb. False Jane 7 236 : Labour relations in the private sector have an economic foundation.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 37 : Federal civil servants have bargaining rights, including the right to strike and the right to bargain for wages, hours, and working conditions.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 38 : About 15% of private sector employees are unionized.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 39 : The National Union of Provincial Government Employees is the largest union in Canada.a. Trueb. False Jane 10 2A : true B : false Correct Answer : B 40 : There is no requirement that the parties actually sign the collective agreement if they come to an agreement. They simply must come to an agreement.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : B 41 : Negotiators often develop a bargaining book that contains a history of contract terms and their relative importance to management.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 42 : Management does not need any information from sources external to the organization to prepare adequately for negotiations.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : B 43 : Kathryn, a management negotiator, and Mark, the negotiator for the union, are both likely to present demands that are larger than either person hopes to achieve.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Jane 11 2Correct Answer : A 44 : Distributive bargaining is based on the identification and resolution of mutual interests rather than the resolution of specific bargaining demands.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : B 45 : Interest-based bargaining is based on the identification and resolution of mutual interests rather than the resolution of specific bargaining demands.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 46 : Many millennials in the “gig” economy are looking at unions as a possible source of stability.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A Jane 12 2B : false Correct Answer : A 55 : When an employer has part of its operations conducted by another employer, it is engaged in outsourcing.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 56 : Marcia, a striking employee, has just told her employer that she is willing to return to work. Marcia must be offered her job back within six months or she loses her re-employment rights.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : B 57 : Employers are often reluctant to resort to lockouts because of their impact on striking employees.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : B 58 : In most jurisdictions, mediation is compulsory prior to a strike or lockout.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : B Jane 15 259 : Mediators serve as fact finders and as a bridge for better communications during deadlocks in labour negotiations.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 60 : A mechanism to renew or establish a new collective agreement for parties is referred to as rights arbitration.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : B 61 : A mechanism to resolve disputes about the interpretation and application of a collective agreement during the term of that collective agreement is referred to as rights arbitration.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A Jane 16 262 : After an agreement is reached in negotiations, it must be put into writing and be ratified by the union membership, not just endorsed by the leaders.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 63 : The right of management to select production equipment and procedures is an example of defined right.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : B 64 : The XYZ Corporation would be exercising its residual rights by unilaterally setting the price for the firm’s products.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 65 : Once a union wins negotiating rights for bargaining union members, it must represent all the unit employees, except those who refused to join or pay dues.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : B 66 : Most local unions receive some financial support from the Canadian Labour Congress.a. Trueb. False Jane 17 2A : true B : false Correct Answer : B 75 : One reason why a union will advance a weak grievance to arbitration is because a member can bring suit against them for failing to adequately represent their grievance.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 76 : In all grievance arbitrations, except those involving any form of discipline, the “burden of proof” rests with the employer.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : B 77 : A submission to arbitrate is a statement that formally describes what issues and remedies the arbitrator must address.a. Trueb. False Jane 20 2A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 78 : The final and binding word issued by an arbitrator in a labour–management dispute is known as an arbitration award.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 79 : The foundation for an arbitrator’s decision is the wording in the collective agreement and the rights it establishes for each party.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : A 80 : If, after hearing an arbitration case, the arbitrator agrees that the employee is guilty of the infraction, the arbitrator cannot change the penalty imposed by management on the griever.a. Trueb. False A : true B : false Correct Answer : B MULTIPLE CHOICE 81 : Which statement best describes labour relations legislation in Canada? Jane 21 2A : Several different laws at the federal and provincial levels currently regulate labour relations. B : The model for labour relations legislation across Canada was The Wagner Act. C : Canada’s labour relations system is highly centralized. D : Ninety percent of the workforce is governed by federal legislation. Correct Answer : A 82 : What was the first piece of labour relations legislation? A : Canada’s Labour Code B : The Wagner Act C : Trades Unions Act D : Labour Relations Act Correct Answer : C 83 : Which of the following features is common to all federal and provincial labour legislation? A : processing union applications B : identifying unfair labour practices C : hearing unfair labour practice complaints D : terminating union bargaining rights Jane 22 2A : gives unions the right to strike B : processes union applications C : hears unfair labour practice complaints D : terminates union bargaining rights Correct Answer : A 91 : What is the main reason for employees to join a union? A : Union membership is a status symbol in Canada. B : It is a way to achieve results they cannot achieve individually in the workplace. C : Labour regulations mandate union membership in all industrialized organizations. D : Unions help individuals to fulfil their political ambitions. Correct Answer : B 92 : What kind of shop makes joining the union a condition of employment? A : agency B : closed C : dues D : union Correct Answer : D 93 : What appears to be the strongest reason to join a union? A : the need to fraternize with similar employees and assert personal leadership skills B : dissatisfaction with wages, benefits, and working conditions C : favouritism shown by supervisors in promotions, shift assignments, and transfers D : personal preference for a union and social pressure to join Correct Answer : B Jane 25 294 : Employees cite favouritism shown by managers as a major reason for joining unions. In which HR areas are employees particularly sensitive to favouritism? A : promotions and wage increases B : training and development opportunities C : rewards and recognition D : transfers and promotions Correct Answer : A 95 : What provides the framework for Canada’s labour relations system? A : environment, employers, and nationality B : people, process, and results C : process, nationality, and results D : employers, equity and rights Correct Answer : B 96 : Which group begins most union organizing campaigns? A : employees B : union organizers C : rival unions D : the CLC organizing department Jane 26 2Correct Answer : A 97 : Unions are generally concerned with which of the following business practices? A : corporate orientation B : sales and marketing strategies C : product research and development D : paying lower wages to immigrant workers Correct Answer : D 98 : Unions are generally concerned with which of the following business practices? A : outsourcing B : marketing C : employee onboarding D : ergonomics Correct Answer : A 99 : Yolanda is an electrician in a medium-sized manufacturing company. While the company’s revenues and staffing levels have increased steadily over the past three years, none of the skilled labourers have received a wage increase during this time. She has discussed this issue with her colleagues and her supervisor; however, nothing ever changes. What can Yolanda consider in order to improve everyone’s situation? A : Look for a new position outside the company. B : Refrain from complaining to her peers. C : Start the process to form a union. D : Stop criticizing her employer with the supervisor. Correct Answer : C 100: In Canada, what does the labour relations board typically do if the majority of employees sign authorization cards? A : Hold a secret ballot vote. Jane 27 2D : five years Correct Answer : B 107: Management generally claims exclusive rights to decisions regarding issues relating to subcontracting, productivity standards, and job content. What is management’s claim properly called? A : management rights B : provisional rights security C : decision rights D : company rights Correct Answer : A 108: A supervisor has suspended an employee covered by a typical collective agreement. In a grievance hearing, what will the supervisor be called upon to demonstrate in support of the suspension? A : reasonable review B : equity and fairness of treatment C : just cause D : documented evidence Jane 30 2Correct Answer : C 109: What type of unions are the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers and the International Brotherhood of Boilermakers classified as? A : apprenticeship B : industrial C : craft D : mixed Correct Answer : C 110: The Canadian Union of Postal Workers and the Ontario Secondary School Teachers’ Federation are examples of which type of union? A : mixed B : craft C : industrial D : skilled Correct Answer : C 111: What type of association are the Federation of Quebec Nurses and the Alberta Teachers’ Association? A : employee B : union C : labour D : industrial Correct Answer : A 112: Why do unionized employees pay union dues? A : to finance the operation of the local union B : to compensate the union steward Jane 31 2C : to pay the bargaining agent D : to contribute to health benefits Correct Answer : A 113: What is one of the responsibilities of a business agent? A : to note unfair labour practices B : to resolve grievances that cannot be settled by the union stewards C : to renew union membership cards D : to terminate union bargaining rights Correct Answer : B 114: Historically, unions have been politically active. Which party have unions shown the most support for? A : Liberals B : NDP C : Conservatives D : Green Jane 32 2121: How are union leaders established? A : volunteered B : hired C : elected D : appointed Correct Answer : C 122: What must the employer’s bargaining strategy address when preparing for negotiations? A : the number of initiatives the union will table B : the deadline for establishing the bargaining zone C : the organization’s willingness to lock out employees or accept a strike D : the anticipated support for management’s bargaining proposals Correct Answer : C 123: Which term refers to the written document prepared by management that includes a contingency operating plan in case of a strike? A : bargaining book B : bargaining conditions book C : contingency operating plan D : bargaining strategy plan Correct Answer : D 124: What are the three categories of proposals one side makes during negotiation? A : mandatory/are permissive/are important B : must be achieved/are just for trade/are designed to provoke C : must be achieved/need to be achieved/should be achieved D : must be achieved/are just to trade/they would like to achieve Correct Answer : D Jane 35 2125: What does the bargaining zone refer to? A : points on which management can agree B : rooms where the negotiations take place C : point at which it costs the union less to agree than to disagree D : area within which the union and management are willing to agree Correct Answer : D 126: Weber Can Co. has made an initial wage offer of two percent for a one-year contract with the International Canworkers Union. The Canworkers have demanded a ten percent increase but will accept an increase as low as six percent. What will most likely happen if Weber feels that the most it can offer is four percent? A : A deadlock will result. B : The Canworkers will have to live with four percent. C : The parties will have to compromise. D : Weber will have to raise its offer to six percent. Correct Answer : A Jane 36 2127: Jocelyn works in a busy manufacturing company. She belongs to a union and the collective agreement states that she is to have a 15-minute break in the morning and another one in the afternoon. She, and most of the people on her team, typically don’t take a morning break. However, the union is currently in negotiations and has instructed the employees to take all their allotted breaks. Which term best describes this situation? A : walk-out B : work to rule C : deadlock D : slowdown Correct Answer : B 128: Why is a strike authorization vote usually undertaken? A : to determine if the union is being truthful about striking B : to signal that a union has gone on strike C : to indicate that management is now ready to take a strike D : to increase pressure on the employer by raising the potential for a strike Correct Answer : D 129: If the ability of the employer to continue operations during a strike is great, how likely is it that the union will finally win on its strike issues? A : about the same B : no impact on likelihood C : less likely D : more likely Correct Answer : C 130: The textile workers at a local company have had a stressful weekend. Their union has been engaged in contract negotiations for the past 72 hours. When those on the 6 a.m. shift arrive at the factory the doors are chained and they cannot get in. What is this situation called? A : walk-out B : lock-out C : deadlock Jane 37 2rights D : defined rights Correct Answer : B 137: Which term refers to the concept that is spelled out by an article in the collective agreement that lists the various rights of management? A : agreed rights B : applied rights C : defined rights D : residual rights Correct Answer : C 138: During the arbitration process, what is the purpose of the arbitration hearing? A : to establish the rights of all parties involved effectively B : to discipline union members and leaders not showing good faith C : to gather necessary information for the arbitrator to resolve problems D : to resolve unclear or incorrect wording in a collective agreement Jane 40 2Correct Answer : C 139: What is the largest union in Canada representing public employees? A : National Union of Provincial Government Employees B : Canadian Union of Public Employees C : Canadian Auto Workers D : Paperworkers Union of Canada Correct Answer : B 140: Which term refers to the formal process that provides unions with a way to handle a complaint that one of the terms within a collective agreement has been violated? A : contract negotiations B : collective bargaining C : grievance process D : arbitration hearing Correct Answer : C 141: What must the grievance arbitrator do after listening to a dispute over administration of the collective agreement? A : mandate a particular resolution to the grievance B : force the parties to renegotiate the disputed language C : nullify the collective agreement because of the dispute D : help the two parties reach their own compromise Correct Answer : A 142: Which term refers to the technique sometimes used when an issue is particularly important or urgent and involves bypassing some steps in the grievance process? A : abbreviated mediation B : abbreviated arbitration C : expedited Jane 41 2mediation D : expedited arbitration Correct Answer : D 143: What is the final step in the grievance process? A : collective bargaining B : grievance resolution C : rights arbitration D : witness testimonies Correct Answer : C 144: A manager is preparing an arbitration case involving the dismissal of her employee. According to one study in your text, what should she do to prevent the arbitrator from overturning the case? A : Select the arbitrator based on the type of prior cases handled. B : Make sure the evidence supports the charge of wrongdoing. C : Determine whether the case is timely under the contract. D : Prepare her case based upon leading arbitration cases of this nature. Jane 42 2labour relations board reviews the application and initially informs both the employer and the employee about the application. This application is posted so that either employees or the employer have an opportunity to challenge. The union informs the employer that it wishes to begin collective bargaining. 147: Explain two ways that unions have an impact on managers. Correct Answer : The unionization of employees affects managers in the following two ways:Challenges to Management Decisions: Unions typically attempt to achieve greater participation in management decisions that affect their membership, particularly in the areas of subcontracting of work, productivity standards, and job content. Employers seek to claim many of these decisions as their exclusive management prerogatives—decisions about which management has exclusive rights. However, these rights are subject to challenges and erosion by the union, whether at the bargaining table, through the grievance procedures, through strikes, and through illegal actions.Loss of Supervisory Flexibility: The focal point of the union’s impact is at the operating level, where supervisors administer the terms of the collective agreement. These terms can determine what corrective action is to be taken in directing and disciplining employees. When disciplining employees, supervisors must be certain they can demonstrate just cause, because these actions can be challenged by the union and the supervisor called as defendant during a grievance hearing. If the challenge is upheld, the supervisor’s effectiveness in coping with subsequent disciplinary problems may be impaired. 148: Explain the steps in the collective bargaining process. Correct Answer : Step 1: Prepare for negotiationsThe two activities that form step 1 are: gathering the necessary background information and current data to adequately prepare for negotiations and for the bargaining teams.Step 2: Develop bargaining strategiesThe development of bargaining proposals and the determining of the limits of concessions are followed by a careful consideration of the other side’s goals and anticipation of their bargaining proposals. In the case that negotiations do not go well, it is important to create strike plans in advance of any labour disruption.Step 3: Conduct the negotiationsThe negotiations must be conducted with good-faith bargaining. The main activities in this step include analyzing the proposals of the other side and attempting to resolve the proposals that were exchanged. All this must occur within the “bargaining zone,” meaning the area within each side’s limits of concessions.Step 4: Formalize agreementAny contract language referred to or affected by the resolved proposals must be clarified. Once clarification has occurred, management must ensure that the board approves the settlement, and the union must ensure that their membership ratifies the agreement. Jane 45 2 149: Explain the steps that make up a grievance procedure in a typical collective agreement. Correct Answer : Each grievance procedure is actually unique to each labour– management setting. However, there are some common elements: most have a series of steps and time limits to govern the procedure, and the individuals involved at each step are often specified. Step 1 is often between the employee and the immediate supervisor. Step 2 often adds the union steward. Step 3 moves up the hierarchy on both sides, with the second-level supervisor or department manager meeting with the chief steward. Step 4 involves the top parties on both sides, such as the vice-president of industrial relations for management and the local union president for the union. This is the last step before Step 5, arbitration. The arbitration step brings in a third-party neutral to decide the case in a final and binding manner. The purpose of this multi-step process is to allow higher levels of union and management representatives to look at the issue from different perspectives. Jane 46 2150: Typically, arbitrators use four factors when deciding cases. Discuss these four key factors and whether they are the only factors used when arbitrators decide cases. Correct Answer : The four factors are: (1) the wording of the collective agreement; (2) the submission agreement presented, stating exactly what issues are to be decided; (3) testimony and evidence presented and offered during the hearing itself; and (4) arbitration criteria or standards that guide the judgments of labour arbitrators. These standards are not precedents in the strict legal sense, but they serve as guidelines and examples in the way that common law assists judges. Jane 47