Terms and Definitions in Early American History, Quizzes of World History

Download Terms and Definitions in Early American History and more Quizzes World History in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 archaeology DEFINITION 1 Archaeology, or archeology (from Greek , archaiologia- , arkhaos, "ancient"; and , -logi, "-logy"), is the study of past human societies, primarily through the recovery and analysis of the material culture and environmental data which they have left behind, which includes artifacts, architecture, biofacts and cultural landscapes. TERM 2 artifacts DEFINITION 2 material remains studied by archaeologists and historians to support their interpretations of human history. bones, pots, baskets, buildings, etc. TERM 3 projectile points DEFINITION 3 In archaeological terms, a projectile point is an object that was hafted to a projectile, such as a spear, dart, or arrow, or perhaps used as a knife. TERM 4 features DEFINITION 4 black stains, human filth. physical changes to landscape affected by humans that tells us stuff. alterations to the natural environment. TERM 5 george mcjunkin DEFINITION 5 George McJunkin (1851 - 1922) was the African American cowboy in New Mexico who discovered the Folsom Site in 1908. TERM 6 meadowcroft rockshelter DEFINITION 6 Meadowcroft Rockshelter is an archaeological site located near Avella in Washington County, in southwestern Pennsylvania, United States. Proved longer existence of humans on earth before historians thought. TERM 7 paleo indians DEFINITION 7 Paleo-Indians (Paleoindians) or Paleoamericans is a classification term given to the first peoples who entered, and subsequently inhabited, the American continent during the final glacial episodes of the late Pleistocene period. HUNTERS. 1 TERM 8 archaic indians DEFINITION 8 diversified indians, hunted big animals and little animals. 2 TERM 9 woodland indians DEFINITION 9 farming indians. focused on agriculture. 3 TERM 10 prehistory vs. history DEFINITION 10 archaeology vs. written documents. TERM 21 distinction between chesapeake bay and lower south DEFINITION 21 the chesapeakes main cash crop was tobacco. the lower souths main cash crop was rice and INDIGO. TERM 22 order of colonial establishment and reasons for settlement DEFINITION 22 virginia, Massachusetts, new hampshire, new jersey, new york, maryland, rhode island, connecticut, delaware, north carolina, south carolina, pennsylvania, georgia. VMNHNJNYMRICDNCSCPG. very many nebraskans have no jewlery, no yolk, money, rice, indigo. can doomsday never come so cheese pleases god? VA- JOINT STOCK COMPANY INVESTORS, MA-, NH-, NJ-, NY-, ML-LORD BALTIMORE SAFE HAVEN FOR CATHOLICS, RI- ROGER WILLIAMS BANNED, CT-, DE-,NC-RESOLVE BOARDER DISPUTE WITH VA, SC- COLONIST COLONIZED THERE, SUGAR , PS-quakers,GA-BUFFER ZONE FROM NATIVE AMERICANS. TERM 23 reasons for the high labor demand DEFINITION 23 agriculture. TERM 24 various options considered to solve labor demand DEFINITION 24 indentured servants, slaves. slaves if you could afford it. TERM 25 nature of southern settlement and why it occured the way it did DEFINITION 25 scattered settlement. economic motivation. TERM 26 structure of colonial government DEFINITION 26 rich free men could vote in the house of burgesses. TERM 27 puritans DEFINITION 27 The Puritans were a significant grouping of English Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries. TERM 28 roger williams DEFINITION 28 exciled by puritans, founded rhode island TERM 29 protestant reformation DEFINITION 29 The Protestant Reformation, also called the Protestant Revolt or simply The Reformation, was the European Christian reform movement that established Protestantism as a constituent branch of contemporary Christianity. TERM 30 calvinism DEFINITION 30 Calvinism (also called the Reformed tradition, the Reformed faith, or Reformed theology) is a theological system and an approach to the Christian life. TERM 31 english reformation DEFINITION 31 The English Reformation was the series of events in 16th- century England by which the Church of England first broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church. TERM 32 mystic river massacre DEFINITION 32 attacked a town and burned people and everything in sight. king phillips war. TERM 33 king phillips war DEFINITION 33 King Philip's War, sometimes called Metacom's War or Metacom's Rebellion, was an armed conflict between Native American inhabitants of present-day southern New England and English colonists and their Native American allies in 1675-1676. The war is named after the main leader of the Native American side, Metacomet, Metacom, or Pometacom, known to the English as "King Philip". TERM 34 character of new england society and why it occurred the way it did DEFINITION 34 militant, always wanting change, radical. TERM 35 type of economy established and why it did not create a large demand of labor DEFINITION 35 merchants and trade, large middle class. small towns and family oriented TERM 46 role of "otherness" DEFINITION 46 distinctly british TERM 47 wars for empire DEFINITION 47 many wars TERM 48 importance of concept of "partnership within british empire" DEFINITION 48 empire would have control to protect trade TERM 49 ohio country DEFINITION 49 The Ohio Country (sometimes called the Ohio Territory) was the name used in the 18th century for the regions of North America west of the Appalachian Mountains and in the region of the upper Ohio River south of Lake Erie. TERM 50 george washington DEFINITION 50 George Washington (February 22, 1732 - December 14, 1799) was the dominant military and political leader of the new United States of America from 1775-1797, leading the American victory over Britain in the American Revolutionary War as commander in chief of the Continental Army, 1775-1783, and presiding over the writing of the Constitution in 1787. As the unanimous choice to serve as the first President of the United States (1789-1797), he developed the forms and rituals of government that have been used ever since, and built a strong, well- financed national government that avoided war, suppressed rebellion and won acceptance among Americans of all types. TERM 51 william pitt DEFINITION 51 William Pitt the Younger (28 May 1759 - 23 January 1806) was a British politician of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. TERM 52 fort necessity DEFINITION 52 Fort Necessity National Battlefield is a National Battlefield Site preserving elements of the Battle of Fort Necessity in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, United States. TERM 53 edward braddock DEFINITION 53 General Edward Braddock (January 1695 - 13 July 1755) was a British soldier and commander-in-chief for North America during the actions at the start of the French and Indian War (1754-1763). TERM 54 proclamation of 1763 DEFINITION 54 The Royal Proclamation of 1763 was issued October 7, 1763, by King George III following Great Britain's acquisition of French territory in North America after the end of the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War. TERM 55 pontiacs war DEFINITION 55 Pontiac's War was a war that was launched in 1763 by a loose confederation of elements of Native American tribes primarily from the Great Lakes region, the Illinois Country, and Ohio Country who were dissatisfied with British policies in the Great Lakes region after the British victory in the French and Indian War (1754-1763). Warriors from numerous tribes joined the uprising in an effort to drive British soldiers and settlers out of the region. The war is named after the Ottawa leader Pontiac, the most prominent of many native leaders in the conflict. TERM 56 orgins of dispute DEFINITION 56 indians kept messing with trade and colonist wanted to move westward. all in ohio country. TERM 57 progression of conflict from 1754- 1757 DEFINITION 57 americans were losing badly TERM 58 progression of conflict from 1758- 1763 DEFINITION 58 william pitt supplied the americans and they started winning TERM 59 meaning of victory for colonists DEFINITION 59 stopped the violence. TERM 60 meaning of victory for Britain DEFINITION 60 unlimited trade with indians TERM 71 boston tea party DEFINITION 71 The Boston Tea Party was a direct action by colonists in Boston, a town in the British colony of Massachusetts, against the British government. TERM 72 coercive acts DEFINITION 72 The Intolerable Acts or the Coercive Acts are names used to describe a series of five laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 relating to Britain's colonies in North America. TERM 73 nature of the opposition to great britain DEFINITION 73 america didnt have enough representation in parliament and they started taxing unfairly. TERM 74 colonial understanding of free societies in the historical record DEFINITION 74 wanted to be free but didnt understand what being free meant TERM 75 inevitability of war DEFINITION 75 yeah. TERM 76 non importation and non exportation DEFINITION 76 british completely cutting of america to punish TERM 77 british viewpoint of opposition DEFINITION 77 they didnt care what americans wanted TERM 78 1st continental congress DEFINITION 78 The First Continental Congress was a convention of delegates from twelve of the thirteen North American colonies that met on September 5, 1774, at Carpenters' Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, early in the American Revolution. TERM 79 2nd continental congress DEFINITION 79 The Second Continental Congress was a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that met beginning on May 10, 1775, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, soon after warfare in the American Revolutionary War had begun. TERM 80 thomas hobbes DEFINITION 80 Thomas Hobbes (5 April 1588 - 4 December 1679), in some older texts Thomas Hobbs of Malmsbury, was an English philosopher, remembered today for his work on political philosophy. GAVE IDEAS TO THE POLITICAL THEORIES OF 2ND CC TERM 81 john locke DEFINITION 81 John Locke (; 29 August 1632 - 28 October 1704), widely known as the Father of Liberalism, was an English philosopher and physician regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers. GAVE IDEAS TO THE POLITICAL THEORIES OF 2ND CC TERM 82 continental army DEFINITION 82 The American Continental Army was an army formed after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America. TERM 83 olive branch petition DEFINITION 83 The Olive Branch Petition was adopted by the Continental Congress in July 1775 in an attempt to avoid a full-blown war with Great Britain. TERM 84 battle of long island DEFINITION 84 The Battle of Long Island, also known as the Battle of Brooklyn or the Battle of Brooklyn Heights, fought on August 27, 1776, was the first major battle in the American Revolutionary War following the United States Declaration of Independence, the largest battle of the entire conflict, and the first battle in which an army of the United States engaged, having declared itself a nation only the month before. TERM 85 washingtons crossing DEFINITION 85 Washington's crossing of the Delaware River, occurring on December 25, 1776 during the American Revolutionary War, was the first move in a planned surprise attack organized by George Washington against the Hessian forces in Trenton, New Jersey. TERM 96 british strategy to win the war DEFINITION 96 kill as many people it took to get their command and power back TERM 97 how washington defeated the british at boston DEFINITION 97 he took his army to the only enterance and exit of boston and boxed the british in TERM 98 battle of charleston DEFINITION 98 The Battle of Charleston was an engagement on September 13, 1862, near Charleston, Virginia (now West Virginia) during the American Civil War. TERM 99 battle of camden DEFINITION 99 The Battle of Camden was a major victory for the British in the Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War (American War of Independence). TERM 100 kings mountain DEFINITION 100 americans on top of mountain and killed all the british TERM 101 lord cornwallis DEFINITION 101 Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis KG (31 December 1738 - 5 October 1805), styled Viscount Brome between 1753 and 1762 and known as The Earl Cornwallis between 1762 and 1792, was a British Army officer and colonial administrator. TERM 102 yorktown DEFINITION 102 The Siege of Yorktown or Battle of Yorktown in 1781 was a decisive victory by combined assault of American forces led by General George Washington and French forces led by the Comte de Rochambeau over a British Army commanded by Lieutenant General Lord Cornwallis. TERM 103 horatio gates DEFINITION 103 Horatio Lloyd Gates (26 July 1727 - 10 April 1806) was a retired British soldier who served as an American general during the Revolutionary War. TERM 104 nathanial green DEFINITION 104 Nathanael Greene (August 7, 1742 - June 19, 1786) was a major general of the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War. TERM 105 admiral degrasse DEFINITION 105 french admiral that won the war TERM 106 treaty of paris DEFINITION 106 The Treaty of Paris, signed on September 3, 1783, ratified by the Congress of the Confederation on January 14, 1784, and by the King of Great Britain on April 9, 1784 (the ratification documents were exchanged in Paris on May 12, 1784), formally ended the American Revolutionary War between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the United States of America, which had rebelled against British rule. TERM 107 why native americans had been ignored in the treaty of paris DEFINITION 107 unimportant to all parties involved.