Personality Theory and Traits: A Comprehensive Guide, Quizzes of Psychology

Download Personality Theory and Traits: A Comprehensive Guide and more Quizzes Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Personality Personality Trait DEFINITION 1 person's thoughts, emotional responses, and actions thought, emotion, and actions that is consistent over time and across situations TERM 2 Temperaments Activity Level Emotionality & Sociability DEFINITION 2 biologically tendencies to feel or act in certain ways amount of energy and behavior a person expresses intensity of emotional reactions affiliate with others TERM 3 Inhibited DEFINITION 3 biologically determined characteristics TERM 4 Psychodynamic Theory DEFINITION 4 freudian theory; unconscious forces determine behavior TERM 5 conscious preconscious unconscious DEFINITION 5 thoughts you are aware of thoughts that you could be aware of thoughts that cannot be aware of; hidden wishes, memories, desires and motives TERM 6 Freudian slip DEFINITION 6 accidentally reveal a hidden motive with talking TERM 7 ID Pleasure principle Libido DEFINITION 7 component of personality that is unconscious and operates according to the pleasure principle want to seek pleasure to avoid pain energy to promote pleasure seeking TERM 8 Superego ego DEFINITION 8 societal and parental standards of conduct balance wishes from ID while follows superego TERM 9 Reality Principle DEFINITION 9 rational thought and problem solving TERM 10 Defense Mechanism DEFINITION 10 unconscious strategies to protect itself from anxiety TERM 21 Humanistic approaches self-actualization DEFINITION 21 seek to fulfill their potential through greater self- understanding fulfill their potential for personal growth through greater self- understanding TERM 22 person-centered approach unconditional positive regard DEFINITION 22 people's subjective understanding of their lives parents should accept and prize their children no matter how the children behave TERM 23 trait approach Factor analysis DEFINITION 23 how individuals differs in personality dispositions grouping items according to their similarities TERM 24 Big Five Openness to experience conscientiousness DEFINITION 24 idea that personality can be described using five factors high; imaginative and independent determined by how careful and organized a person is TERM 25 extraversion agreeableness neuroticism DEFINITION 25 how outgoing and social a person is selects the extent to which a person is trusting and helpful high; more likely to be moody and experience negative feelings TERM 26 biological trait theory introversion extraversion DEFINITION 26 either introversion/ extraversion and emotional stability how shy, reserved, and quiet a person is how sociable, outgoing, and bold a person is TERM 27 Reticular activating system(RAS) Behavioral approach system(BAS) DEFINITION 27 affects alertness; inducing and terminating the different stages of sleep brain system involved in the pursuit of incentives or rewards TERM 28 Behavioral inhibition system (BIS) DEFINITION 28 brain system that is sensitive to punishment; inhibits behavior that might lead to danger or pain TERM 29 situationism Person/situation debate DEFINITION 29 behavior is determined more by situations than personality traits whether the person or the situation is more influential in determining a persons behavior TERM 30 self-monitoring strong situations weak situations DEFINITION 30 sensitive to cues of situational appropriateness tend to mask difference in personality because of the power of the social environment tend to reveal differences in personality TERM 31 Interactionists Basic Tendencies Characteristic adaptations DEFINITION 31 behavior is determined jointly by situations and underlying dispositions dispositional traits determines largely by biological processes adjustments to situational demands TERM 32 Idiographic approaches nomothetic approaches DEFINITION 32 how various characteristics are integrated into unique persons how common characteristics vary from person to person TERM 33 central traits secondary traits DEFINITION 33 how individuals define themselves less personally descriptive or not applicable TERM 34 Projective measures Rorschach inkblot test Thematic Apperception Test(TAT) DEFINITION 34 personality test that examine unconscious processes by having people interpret ambiguous stimuli looks at meaningless inkblot and describes what is it; reveal unconscious conflicts and other problems shown ambiguous picture and asked to tell a story about it; assumed to reflect the story tellers personal motives TERM 35 Self-report method DEFINITION 35 measuring only what the person reports; make no pretense of uncovering hidden conflicts or secret information