MIdterm Review Notes for Leisure and Outdoor Recreation | REC 1330, Study notes of School management&administration

Download MIdterm Review Notes for Leisure and Outdoor Recreation | REC 1330 and more Study notes School management&administration in PDF only on Docsity! LNT Principles: plan ahead & prepare, travel & camp on durable surfaces, dispose of waste properly, leave what you find, minimize campfire impacts, respect wildlife, and be considerate of other visitors. SPEC Model: Student centered, problem based, experimental, collective Buffalo Soldiers: American-Indian War 1866-1898 Who were they? They were African American soldiers fighting in the American Indian war How did they get their name: Because they were dark like a buffalo, strong, and their hair was the same. First buffalo soldier unit in Texas? 9th Calvary unit Foundations of outdoor rec- Outdoor Rec Definition- voluntary, free-time, activity that occurs in the outdoors where people interact with the natural environment Societal factors that affect OR-Family, Peers, School, Church and Camps. Phases of an OR Trip- Anticipation, planning, participation, recollection Types/Categories Water, Land, Air, Snow Risk- High, Medium, Low Power Non-motorized/humanized, Motorized, Consumptive, Non consumptive Chapter 2 Views of Nature Spirituality- the process of creating a relationship with what we hold to be sacred vs religion Sacred- Something that has a special meaning or relationship with you. Being inspired, focusing on sensory experiences, finding beauty. Something held dear. Special Places- become special or sacred by creating relationships. Sparks feeling of inner peace, hope, joy and empowerment. Transcendentalism- to go to nature to connect with God and preserve Land. Henry Thoreau, Ralph W. Emerson. Impressionism- Painters, glorify nature, in touch with nature, Chapter 3 Early views of wilderness- It was evil, it needed to be conquered Historical figures Henry Thoreau and Ralph W. Emerson- venerated nature and called on citizens of this country and the world to respect and preserve it. Both men were among the literary giants of the 19 th century Cole- took a trip west and then back to the east to romanticize the land. Natives were ‘noble red man’ Frederick Olmsted- Father of the American park. Started Central Park. Landscape architecture. Muir- Sierra Club (to preserve the sierras Nevada, CA area) saved the sequoia trees. Convinced Teddy R. to set aside 21 million acres during the tour of the American west. Against the hetch hetchy. Influenced the designated of over 50 NPs, 200 NMs , 140 million acres of NFs. Preservationist. Teddy Roosevelt- Perservation leader. 21million acres set aside of land. Mather- preservation. 1st director of the National Park Service. Member of Sierra club. Pinchot- conservation. 1816 appointed the national forests commission of the national academy of science. Rachel Carson- employed the US Fish and Wildlife service. The silent spring most famous book. Aldo Leopold- father of wildlife management. Promoted idea of wilderness system. Land should be loved and respected. Game refuges be established with in the district and prepared the forest service’s first game and fish hand book. Historical Happening Yellowstone-1872 1st national park Yosemite- 1864 1st land set aside NPS-1916 Reclamation act-1902 Pelican island-1903 Bureau of biological survery-1905 Gila wilderness-1924 1st forest put aside Funding for national wildlife-1934 Civilian conservation corps-1930s Privacy Security Physical Socialization groups- Family –attachment, bonding, interaction, social support, identification and stress management. Peers-most wilderness experiences are communal Schools-outdoor/environment all education Religion Youth group camps Factors affecting socialization- age, life courses, gender, occupation, residence and ethnicity. Lifestyles- 1) need-driven groups *survivor and sustainer 2) outer-directed *belonger, emulator and achiever 3) inner-directed *i-am-me, experiential and societally conscious 4) combined outer-inner directed* integrated Social benefits of OR- Strengthens communities, reduces crimes, encourages volunteerism, promotes stewardship, promotes social bonds. Chapter 6 OR impacts on economy Factors affecting participation- -baby boomers increased free time, productivity and increased income. OR spending by individuals and government agencies- taxes, fees & charges, government grants and foundation grants Supply and Demand- Direct Supply- which includes the manufacturing, wholesaling and retailing of equipment and apparel as well as the provision of services. They deals directly with consumer. Indirectly supply- deal indirectly with consumer. Such as writers who write books we read during free time or the actor in the movies we watch. Demand-is based on the ability and willingness of consumers to buy specific quantities of goods and services at a given time. Economic parallels Visitors and their characteristics > demand Recreational resources >supply Plans and polices > pricing Tools for implementation > management Demand variables- Nonprice varables- 1. Socioeconomic characteristics of the consumer 2. Quality of the recreation site 3. Availability of substitutive service 4. Time travel 5. Congestion or crowding 6. Taste and preference consumer Recourse Oriented Areas The resource determines to a great extent the accessibility of the area to the consumer. National parks, forests, and wildlife refuges would fall into this category. Multiplier Effect The effect of one dollor spent of one point will be more than merely one dollor Communities are established around leisure areas/depends on leisure spending Will vary on size of area and type of activites, service and industries provided in areas