ML Cheat Sheet, Slides of Programming Languages

Download ML Cheat Sheet and more Slides Programming Languages in PDF only on Docsity! ML – Cheat sheet
 val <name> = <newValue>; e.g.: val x = 25; fun <name> <param> = <expr>; e.g.: fun addme (a, b) = a + b; fun <name> <param> = fn <name_HOF> => <expr>; e.g. fun g a = fn b => a + b; let <defs> in <expr> end e.g. let val x = 1 in x*x end
   char (#”x”) string (“x”) int real bool a’ (all types) list  0 => constant 0 (int) _ => any given param matches (a, b, c) => tuple of three elements [a, b, c] => list of three elements (x :: rest) => matches non-emtpy list, x is head (x1 :: x2 :: rest) => matches list
1 elements, ... ... x1 is head, x2 element after head fun fact 0 = 1 | fact n = n * fact (n-1);    ~ (negation) +, -, *, /, div (int quotient), mod (int remainder) ^ (string concat) >, <, <=, >= (for all numbers) =, <> (not for reals!)     List = all same type, >= 2 elements Tuple = all types possible () => tuple [] => emtpy list (= nil) [1] int list with ‘1’ 1 :: 2 :: 3 :: [] => [1, 2, 3] hd(<list>) => first element tl(<list>) => rest elements in list <list1> @ <list2> => combination  explode(<string>) => list of chars implode(<list of chars> => string real(<int>) => real floor(<real>) => rounds down to int ceil(<real>) => rounds up to int round(<real>) => rounds to int ord(<char>) => char to ASCII code chr(<int>) => ASCII code to char map <fun> <list> => apply <fun>... ...to each element in <list> foldr <fun> <starter> <list> => f(x1, f(x2, (...) f(xn, c)) foldl <fun> <starter> <list> => f(xn, f(xn-1, (...) f(x1, c))   if <expr> orelse <expr> andalso <expr> then <expr> else <expr> case <expr> of <value1> => <result1> | <value2> => <result2> | <value3> => <result3>;