Medical Terminology: Anatomy, Diseases, and Procedures, Exams of Music and Technology: Algorithmic and Generative Music

Download Medical Terminology: Anatomy, Diseases, and Procedures and more Exams Music and Technology: Algorithmic and Generative Music in PDF only on Docsity! MMSC200 Exam 2 Questions and Verified Answers- 2024 Update. Spa gr is the abbreviation for: - Correct answer specific gravity What is specific gravity? - Correct answer a comparison of the density of urine with that water What does the specific gravity of urine reflect? - Correct answer the amount of waste, minerals, and solids in urine The abbreviation for voiding cystourethrogram is: - Correct answer VCUG What is voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)? - Correct answer a diagnostic procedure that can reveal abnormalities of the bladder What occurs during a VCUG? - Correct answer the bladder is filled with contrast material and x-rays are taken of the bladder and urethra as the patient expels urine A combining form for stone is: - Correct answer lath/o What is kept/o? - Correct answer ketone bodies What is azote/o? - Correct answer nitrogen What is a lithotripsy? - Correct answer a procedure that crushes urinary tract stones What is a pyelolithotomy? - Correct answer a surgical procedure to remove a large stone from the renal pelvis What is nephrolithiasis? - Correct answer the presence of kidney stones The combining form for meatus is: - Correct answer meat/o What is the meatus? - Correct answer the external opening of the urethra through which urine leaves the body The combining form for renal pelvis is: - Correct answer peel/o What is retrograde pyelogram? - Correct answer an x-ray imaging study of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder using contrast material What is pyelonephritis? - Correct answer a bacterial urinary tract infection What is pyelolithotomy? - Correct answer a surgical incision into the renal pelvis to remove a large stone A combining form for the urinary bladder is: - Correct answer cyst/o The suffix meaning condition of urine is: - Correct answer -urea What is puree? - Correct answer pus in the urine What is polyuria? - Correct answer excessive urination What is hematuria? - Correct answer blood in the urine What is dysuria? - Correct answer painful urination The term for kidney disorder is: - Correct answer nephropathy Albumin in the urine is called: - Correct answer albuminuria What is albumin? - Correct answer a protein in the blood What does albuminuria/proteinuria indicate? - Correct answer kidney malfunction ______________ is the inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney - Correct answer glomerulonephritis The use of shock waves to crush urinary tract stones is called: - Correct answer lithotripsy What is -trips? - Correct answer to crush What is extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)? - Correct answer the use of shock waves directed toward the stone from outside the body; once the stone is crushed, it can pass from the body in urine A major sign of diabetes mullets, detected in urinalysis, is glucose (sugar) in the urine, or: - Correct answer glycosuria What is diabetes mellitus? - Correct answer the inadequate secretion or ineffective use of insulin What happens if someone lacks insulin? - Correct answer the sugar cannot leave the bloodstream to be used as energy in the body A smoky red color to the urine is indicative of blood in the urine, or: - Correct answer hematuria What is the renal tubule? - Correct answer a microscopic tube where urine is formed; part of the kidney's nephron that leads from the glomerulus to the collecting tubules; consists of a looping segment and two convoluted sections; canals that secrete, collect and conduct urine The tube leading from the bladder to the outside of the body is: - Correct answer urethra What is the Bowman's capsule? - Correct answer a cup-shaped capsule surrounding each glomerulus; as blood passes through the glomeruli, water, salts, sugar and urea are filtered out and collected in the Bowman's capsules (these materials then travel to the renal tubules) A combining form for urine is: - Correct answer urn/o or urine/o When the kidney fails to excrete urine, ____________ has occurred - Correct answer renal failure Why does renal failure occur? - Correct answer because of impaired filtration function High blood pressure resulting from kidney disease is called: - Correct answer renal hypertension What does renal mean? - Correct answer pertaining to the kidney What is the most common type of secondary hypertension? - Correct answer renal hypertension What does secondary hypertension mean? - Correct answer the hypertension is secondary to a primary disease or condition Diabetes insipid us occurs when ____________ is inadequately produced or improperly used in the body - Correct answer antidiuretic hormone One of the substances tested for in urinalysis is the hemoglobin pigment called: - Correct answer bilirubin What is bilirubin? - Correct answer an orange-yellow bile pigment that is the product of the breakdown of hemoglobin in erythrocytes at the end of their lifespan Excessive blood acidity due to dangerous levels of blood kenos is called: - Correct answer ketoacidosis What is the combining form for ketones? - Correct answer keno/o or ketone/o What is ketonuria? - Correct answer the presence of elevated levels of ketones in the urine Examination of the vagina and cervix with a special magnifying instrument is called a: - Correct answer colposcopy What does -scope mean? - Correct answer visual examination What does clop/o mean? - Correct answer vagina When is a colposcopy performed? - Correct answer after a Pap smear detects abnormal cervical cells (dysplasia) to identify the specific area of abnormal cells ____________ is the inflammation of the inner lining of the cervix (one form of pelvic inflammatory disease) - Correct answer end cervicitis ____________ is a term that refers to a woman who has been pregnant more than once - Correct answer multigravida What does gravid/o mean? - Correct answer pregnancy What does null- mean? - Correct answer no, not or none What is multigravida? - Correct answer a woman who has had no pregnancies What is primigravida? - Correct answer a woman pregnant for the first time What is a porous woman? - Correct answer one who has had a vaginal delivery What does nulliparous refer to? - Correct answer a woman who has not delivered any babies What does a multiparous refer to? - Correct answer a woman who has delivered more than one baby ___________ is the beginning of the first menstrual period - Correct answer menarche What is men/o? - Correct answer menses, menstruation What does -archer mean? - Correct answer first Ms. Genesco was diagnosed with _____________, a condition in which the inner tissue lining of the uterus proliferates and is transferred to sites outside the uterine cavity. - Correct answer endometriosis What is -oasis? - Correct answer abnormal condition What does endometria/o mean? - Correct answer the lining of the uterus Ms. Gray underwent a bilateral ____________, or removal of both fallopian tubes and ovaries, after her diagnosis of ovarian cancer. - Correct answer sapling-oophorectomy What is sapling/o? - Correct answer fallopian tubes What is gopher/o? - Correct answer ovaries Ms. Munoz was scheduled for a _____________ to remove uterine fibroids - Correct answer myomectomy What does mom/o mean? - Correct answer muscular tumor Ms. Rosenblum has a purulent, no bloody vaginal discharge, or ____________, as a result of an infection of her cervix. - Correct answer leucorrhea The medical term for afterbirth is: - Correct answer placenta What is the placenta? - Correct answer a highly vascular organ that serves as a bridge to the maternal circulation for the exchange of nutrients and wastes; anchors the fetus to the uterine wall during pregnancy Fertilization of the ovum most often occurs in the: - Correct answer fallopian tube Which hormone is responsible for the buildup of the uterine lining during the menstrual cycle? - Correct answer progesterone What does the corpus lutein function as during the menstrual cycle? - Correct answer an endocrine organ and secretes progesterone into the bloodstream Immediately after conception, the fertilized egg is called a: - Correct answer zygote What is a gamete? - Correct answer a sexual reproductive cell (sperm cell or ovum) A ___________ is the developing organism from 2 to 8 weeks - Correct answer embryo A __________ is the developing organism from 8 weeks to birth - Correct answer fetus A system for scoring an infant's physical condition to determine the need for immediate intervention is called: - Correct answer Apgar scoring When and how is the neonate's physical condition assessed? - Correct answer 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth using the Apgar scoring chart The external female genitalia, which includes the labia, clitoris, and vaginal orifice, is the: - Correct answer vulva What is the vagina? - Correct answer a muscular canal extending from the uterine cervix to the vaginal introit us (entrance) IVF stands for: - Correct answer in vitro fertilization What is in vitro fertilization (IVF)? - Correct answer egg and sperm cells are put together in a lab dish to facilitate fertilization; after the incubation period, the fertilized ova are injected into the uterus through the cervix; 30-50% of all IVF is now associated with intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), which is the direct injection of sperm into harvested ova A term that means sexual intercourse is: - Correct answer coitus Surgical incision of the abdominal wall and uterus to deliver a fetus is called: - Correct answer cesarean section After an ovarian follicle ruptures and releases the ovum, it matures a golden yellow color and is call a: - Correct answer corpus lutein The excision of one or both ovaries: - Correct answer oophorectomy The surgical excision of the uterus: - Correct answer hysterectomy A _____________ is a surgery in which the tumor and immediate surrounding tissue are removed while preserving the remaining breast tissue - Correct answer lumpectomy The removal of the breast tissue: - Correct answer mastectomy The surgical repair of a breast: - Correct answer mastoplasty What is a sentinel node biopsy? - Correct answer a procedure to assess the lymph nodes for spread of the cancer Another word for an opening is: - Correct answer orifice (from Latin word orificium) What does or/I mean? - Correct answer mouth The process of producing nutritive milk for offspring is called: - Correct answer lactation What is gal act/o? - Correct answer milk What is -rhea? - Correct answer flow What is -as? - Correct answer enzyme A noncancerous condition common in men over 50 is: - Correct answer benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) Carcinoma of the testes is a: - Correct answer malignancy Who can be affected by cryptorchism and testicular torsion? - Correct answer young males TUIP is the abbreviation for: - Correct answer transurethral incision of the prostate What is transurethral incision of the prostate (TUIP)? - Correct answer the urethra is widened by means of small incisions in the bladder neck and prostate gland; less invasive alternative to TRUP for less severe cases of enlarged prostate TUNA is the abbreviation for: - Correct answer transurethral needle ablation What is transurethral needle ablation? - Correct answer a nonsurgical procedure used to treat some cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH); uses low-level radio frequency energy to destroy excess prostate tissue TUMT is the abbreviation for: - Correct answer transurethral microwave thermotherapy What is transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT)? - Correct answer a nonsurgical procedure that can be used to treat some cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH); uses heat in the form of microwaves to destroy excess prostatic tissue via a device called a Prostration The combining form crypt/o means: - Correct answer hidden or concealed What is cryptorchism/cryptorchidism? - Correct answer the abnormal condition of undescended testicles How do the testicles descend? - Correct answer from the abdominal cavity into the scrotal sac before birth The combining form and/o means: - Correct answer male What is an androgen? - Correct answer any steroid hormone that increases male characteristics What is an example of an androgen? - Correct answer testosterone What is testosterone? - Correct answer a steroid hormone that is produced in the testes in males and in the adrenal glands in both males and females The combining form prostate/o means: - Correct answer prostate gland The combining form test/o means: - Correct answer testis or testicles (derived from Latin term for witness) The combining form that means "animal life" is: - Correct answer zoo/o What does azoospermia mean? - Correct answer lack of spermatozoa in semen _____________ is the formation of spermatozoa - Correct answer spermatogenesis A sexually transmitted disease that results in urethritis, dysuria and an abnormal mucopurulent discharge from the urethra is called _____________ - Correct answer gonorrhea What are the symptoms of gonorrhea in males? - Correct answer inflammation of the urethra (urethritis), painful urination (dysuria), yellow/pus-filled (purulent) discharge from the urethra What two STDs often occur at the same time and share similar symptoms? - Correct answer gonorrhea and chlamydia What are the symptoms of chlamydia in males? - Correct answer dysuria and white/clear discharge from the punish What are the symptoms of the herpes simplex virus type II (HSV II) in males? - Correct answer fluid-filled blisters on the genitals What are the symptoms of syphilis in males? - Correct answer the development of a hard ulcer called a chancre Removal of both testes is called: - Correct answer bilateral orchiectomy A _______________ is the accumulation of fluid in a duct or saclike cavity like the scrotum - Correct answer hydrocele What does -cell mean? - Correct answer protrusion The hormone that stimulates the development of male sex characteristics is: - Correct answer testosterone What does testosterone stimulate? - Correct answer beard, pubic hair, and deeper voice, development of the testes, prostate gland, and seminal vesicles The male sex cell is called the: - Correct answer spermatozoon What is the diencephalon? - Correct answer lies under the cerebrum and contains two structures (thalamus and hypothalamus) What is encephalitis? - Correct answer inflammation of the brain The combining form cerebra/o means: - Correct answer cerebrum What does the combining form cerebella/o mean? - Correct answer cerebellum What is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)? - Correct answer a fluid that flows through the brain and protects the four ventricles of the brain, the subarachnoid space, and the spinal canal The combining form veg/o means: - Correct answer vague nerve What is the vague nerve? - Correct answer the 10th cranial nerve that originates at the base of the brain and carries signals to and from the structures of the head/neck and the thoracic/abdominal cavities What does vagal mean? - Correct answer pertaining to the vague nerve _____________ is the inflammation of several nerves - Correct answer polyneuritis _____________ is the protrusion of the meninges and spinal cord through a defect in the spinal column; a type of spine bifida - Correct answer myelomeningocele What is mile/o? - Correct answer spinal cord What is mining/o? - Correct answer membranes, meninges The medical term for headache is: - Correct answer cephalic What is esthetic/o and -aesthesia? - Correct answer feeling, nervous sensation What is kinas/o and -kinesis? - Correct answer movement What is -praxis? - Correct answer action Baby Casey was born with spine bifida, which resulted in the protrusion of the meninges called a: - Correct answer meningeal Ms. Kabuki received a ____________ medication to relieve her postoperative pain - Correct answer analgesic What is -Algeria? - Correct answer sensitivity to pain The outer layer of the meninges is called the: - Correct answer Dura mater What are the three layers of membranes around the brain? - Correct answer Dura mater, arachnoid, and pie mater The largest and uppermost section of the brain is the: - Correct answer cerebrum What is the medulla oblongata? - Correct answer a part of the brain stem A neurologic disorder marked by tics, uncontrollable vocal sounds, and inappropriate words is called: - Correct answer Tourette syndrome What is Alzheimer's characterized? - Correct answer gradual decline of mental ability (kind of dementia) What is Huntington's characterized? - Correct answer involuntary, dancelike movements that can be accompanied by intellectual deterioration and emotional changes as the disease progresses What is the main symptom of Parkinson's? - Correct answer tremors Which procedure records electrical activity of the brain? - Correct answer electroencephalography (EEG) What is a computed tomography (CT)? - Correct answer an x-ray technique that generates computerized cross-sectional images of the brain and spinal cord What is a magnetic resonance image (MRI)? - Correct answer a machine that uses magnetic and radio waves to create an image of the brain in all three planes What is a lumbar puncture (LP)? - Correct answer performed in various therapeutic and diagnostic procedures, including withdrawal of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) The sensory warning some people experience before a seizer is called: - Correct answer an aura What is hyperesthesia? - Correct answer increased sensation What is neuralgia? - Correct answer nerve pain What does syncope mean? - Correct answer fainting caused by a sudden lack of blood flow to the brain Mrs. Granger, age 77, has a history of hypertension and atherosclerosis. During the past 3 months, she has experienced temporary episodes of paresthesia and paresis of the right arm consistent with TIAs. She now enters the hospital with a CVA. She has aphasia and right-sided hemiplegia. Mrs. Granger's diagnosis on hospitalization was: - Correct answer cerebrovascular accident What is a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) also known as? - Correct answer a stroke or a cerebral infarction caused by an interruption to the normal flow of blood to the brain What are transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)? - Correct answer episodes of neurologic dysfunction that come and go (transient) that signals the gradual blocking of a blood vessel, as with atherosclerosis The medical term for a condition of involuntary spasmodic movement is: - Correct answer dyskinesia What is dyes-? - Correct answer abnormal What is -paresis? - Correct answer weakness What is paraplegia? - Correct answer paralysis of both legs and the lower body What is the term for fried episodes of neurologic deficit caused by temporary interference with blood supply to the brain? - Correct answer transient ischemic attacks Diagnostic studies for Mrs. Granger included an MRI and PET scan. Findings indicated blockage of a cerebral artery by a blood clot with necrosis and edema of the area involved. The type of cerebral infarction Mrs. Granger experienced is called a: - Correct answer thrombotic stroke What is a hemorrhagic stroke caused by? - Correct answer the breaking and bleeding of a blood vessel Mrs. Tailor was diagnosed with Parkinson disease. Characteristic symptoms likely to be seen in Mrs. Tailor as the disease progresses include all of the following except: - Correct answer quadriplegia What is quadriplegia? - Correct answer paralysis of both arms and legs, as well as the trunk below the level of an associated injury to the spine Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography confirmed that Mr. Hollinger has a malignant gloom that is surgically inaccessible. He is scheduled for stereotactic radiosurgery. A gloom is an intracranial tumor that arises from the: - Correct answer supportive or connective tissue of the brain Which procedure uses an intracranial guiding device to deliver high-dose radiation to precisely targeted tumor tissue? - Correct answer