Medical Terms: Definition and Functions, Quizzes of Medical Sciences

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TERM 1 albumin/o DEFINITION 1 albumin/protein TERM 2 calc/i DEFINITION 2 calcium TERM 3 cin/e DEFINITION 3 relationship to movement TERM 4 fluor/o DEFINITION 4 glowing TERM 5 glycos/o DEFINITION 5 glucose TERM 6 -graph DEFINITION 6 record TERM 7 -graphy DEFINITION 7 process of recording TERM 8 hemat/o DEFINITION 8 blood TERM 9 -ous DEFINITION 9 pertaining to TERM 10 per DEFINITION 10 through TERM 21 bruit DEFINITION 21 Auscultation Sound: "murmury" TERM 22 calciuria DEFINITION 22 calcium in the urine TERM 23 cardiocentesis DEFINITION 23 puncture of a chamber of the heart for diagnosis or therapy TERM 24 centesis DEFINITION 24 surgical puncture to remove fluid TERM 25 contraindication DEFINITION 25 factor in the patients condition that makes the use of a drug dangerous or ill advised TERM 26 decubitus DEFINITION 26 -the act of lying down or the position assumed in lying down (radiography)-most commonly used in decubitus ulcer (bedsore) TERM 27 extraoral radiography DEFINITION 27 -used in dentistry-film is placed outside of the mouth TERM 28 fluoroscopy DEFINITION 28 used to visualize body parts in motion by projecting x-ray images on a luminous fluorescent screen TERM 29 hematocrit DEFINITION 29 -measures the percentage by volume of packed red blood cells in a whole blood sample-used to diagnose abnormal states of hydration (fluid level in the body), polycythemia (excess red blood cells), and anemia (deficient red blood cells) TERM 30 hematuria DEFINITION 30 -blood in the urine-may be caused by kidney stones, infection, benign prostatic hyperplasia, damage to the kidney, or bladder cancer TERM 31 hypodermic DEFINITION 31 region immediately beneath the skin TERM 32 idiosyncratic DEFINITION 32 unexpected reaction to a drug TERM 33 immunofluorescence DEFINITION 33 method of tagging antibodies with a fluorescent dye to detect or localize antigen-antibody combinations TERM 34 intraoral radiography DEFINITION 34 -used in dentistry-film is placed within the mouth TERM 35 ketonuria DEFINITION 35 -ketones in the urine-may indicate starvation or uncontrolled diabetes TERM 46 positron emission tomography DEFINITION 46 -PET-combines tomography with radionuclide tracers to produce enhanced images of selected body organs or areas- used to determine cardiac or cerebral perfusion plus brain imaging for epilepsy, dementia, and recurrent brain tumors TERM 47 potentiation DEFINITION 47 -synergism-drug interaction that occurs when the effect of one drug is potentiated (increased) by another drug TERM 48 proteinuria DEFINITION 48 -excess of serum protein in the urine-sign of kidney disease TERM 49 prothrombin DEFINITION 49 diagnose conditions associated with abnormal bleeding and to monitor anticoagulant therapy TERM 50 pyuria DEFINITION 50 pus in the urine TERM 51 radioimmunoassay DEFINITION 51 -radioassay-technique in which a radioactively labeled substance is mixed with a blood specimen TERM 52 radiolucent DEFINITION 52 -such as air or nitrogen gas-allows the x-rays to pass through and appears black or dark gray on the resulting film TERM 53 radionuclide imaging DEFINITION 53 -nuclear medicine-looks at physiologic processes to determine how well body organs or systems are functioning- involve radiopharmaceuticals TERM 54 radiopaque DEFINITION 54 -such as barium sulfate-does notallow the x-rays to pass through and appears white or light gray on the resulting film TERM 55 radiopharmaceuticals DEFINITION 55 -injected or inhaled into the body and taken up (absorbed) by a particular organ-contains a radionuclide tracerthat is specific to the body system being examined-a gamma-ray camera shows pattern of absorption TERM 56 rale DEFINITION 56 Auscultation Sound: "rattley" during inhalation TERM 57 recumbent DEFINITION 57 any position in which the patient is lying down either on the back, front, or side TERM 58 rhoncus DEFINITION 58 Auscultation Sound: musical-wheezing;results from a partially obstructed airway caused by inflammation, spasm of smooth muscles, or the presence of mucus in the airways TERM 59 single photon emission computed tomography DEFINITION 59 -SPECT-nuclear imaging technique in which pictures are taken by one to three gamma cameras after a radionuclide tracer has been injected into the blood-camerasrotate around the patients body collecting data and producing images on a variety of planes-used to study myocardial perfusion TERM 60 speculum DEFINITION 60 used to enlarge the opening of any canal or cavity to facilitate inspection of its interior TERM 71 total hemoglobin DEFINITION 71 results measure the severity of anemia or polycythemia and monitor the response to therapy TERM 72 WBC count DEFINITION 72 elevated count may be an indication of infection or inflammation TERM 73 WBC differential DEFINITION 73 -what percentage of the total WBC count is composed of each of the five types of leukocytes-provides information about the patients immune system, detects certain types of leukemia, and determines the severity of infection TERM 74 serum enzyme tests DEFINITION 74 -used to measure the blood enzymes-evidence of a myocardial infarction TERM 75 serum bilirubin test DEFINITION 75 -how well red blood cells are being broken down-high bilirubin may indicate liver problems (jaundice) or gallstones TERM 76 thyroid-stimulating assay DEFINITION 76 -circulating blood levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone-may indicate abnormal thyroid activity TERM 77 casts DEFINITION 77 fibrous or protein materials, such as pus and fats, that are thrown off into the urine in kidney disease TERM 78 pH of urine DEFINITION 78 -average is 4.5-8-<7 indication of acidosis->7 may indicate UTI TERM 79 periapical radiograph DEFINITION 79 -show the entire tooth and some surrounding tissue-detect abnormalities, such as an abscess, at the tip of the root TERM 80 bitewing radiographs DEFINITION 80 -show the crowns of teeth in both arches-used primarily to detect decay (cavities) between the teeth TERM 81 scintigram DEFINITION 81 -nuclear scan-uses nuclear medicineto gather information about the structure and function of organs or systems that cannot be seen on conventional x-rays