Muscle Fibers and Contraction: Definitions and Mechanisms, Quizzes of Kinesiology

Download Muscle Fibers and Contraction: Definitions and Mechanisms and more Quizzes Kinesiology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Smooth muscle defintion: DEFINITION 1 Involuntary muscle; controlled by the autonomic nervous system No striations Located in the walls of blood vessels/internal organs Digestive system TERM 2 Cardiac muscle definition: DEFINITION 2 Controlled by the autonomic nervous system and endocrine systems Located only in the heart TERM 3 Skeletal muscle definition: DEFINITION 3 Voluntary muscle; controlled consciously by the somatic nervous system Has striations TERM 4 Primary function of skeletal muscle: DEFINITION 4 Conversion of electrical signals to mechanical movement TERM 5 Other functions of skeletal muscle: DEFINITION 5 locomotion postural support breathing heat production during cold stress (shivering) TERM 6 Connective tissue coverings(skeletal muscle structure): DEFINITION 6 Mechanical movement of muscles strain connective tissues, which transfers force to the tendon which moves the bone (pulls bone to muscle) TERM 7 Individual muscle fiber: DEFINITION 7 each muscle fiber is a single muscle cell (myocyte) myocytes=multinucleate (more than one nucleus per cell) sarcoplasmic reticulum-releases calcium ions during muscle contraction and absorbs calcium ions during relaxation transverse tubules-run perpendicular to the myofibril. major site for the coupling of excitation and contraction. open to extracellular fluid myofibrils-contain contractile proteins TERM 8 Myofibrils DEFINITION 8 The basic unit of a muscle Contractile proteins are organized into thin filaments and thick filaments, which repeat along the length of the myofibril in sections called sarcomeres TERM 9 Sacromeres DEFINITION 9 The smallest functional unit Have a specialized arrangement of actin and myosin filaments which run parallel to each other along the length of the muscle fiber Actin (thin)- provides binding sites for myosin Myosin (thick)-long, fibrous tail and "globular heads" which bind to actin TERM 10 Sliding Filament Theory: DEFINITION 10 Muscle fibers shorten when myosin protein filaments pull together actin protein filaments