Download Monochromatic Plane Polarized Radiation - Instrumental Analytical Chemistry - Lecture Slides and more Slides Analytical Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity! Monochromatic Plane-polarized radiation
Electric field,
+
i
jo Worvelength,a ——_.!
WN
al Propagation I = Time of distanoe——————____,.
(b)
R 5
anes ve epresertation. ofa beam of monochrematic, plane-polarized radiation:
ectrical and magnetic fields at right angles to one anoth
er and di
Hon, (0) two-dimensional representation of the electric vector elon oF bropage
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Mupnetic field
Eleotic ficld, y
3
Light through different mediums
A= 500 om A = 330 nm A= 500 nm
, v=60xl0 Hz , v= 60x 10! Hz v =6.0x 10!4 Hz
!
L
ee O _t
Amplitude A
Distance
Figure 6-2 Effect of change of medium on a monochromatic beam of radiation.
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Superposition - interference
Figure 6-4 Superposition of sinusoidal wave: (a} Ay < Az, (by — $2} = —20°, #1 = 3;
bc (by — $2) = —200°, 4, = 9, In each instance, the solid curve results from the
tion of the two dashed curves.
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Superposition resulting in a beat pattern
I I
I l
{a) I I
Ware |
Ch} Wave 2 | |
(c}
Figure 6-4 Superposition cf two waves of different frequencies but identical ampli-
tudes: (a) wave 1 with a period of 1/sy; (5) wave 2 with a perlodd of Lies (pp = 1.25 4);
{c) combined wave pattern. Note that superposition of », and +z produces a beat pattern
with a pertod of 1/dp where 4p = lm, — acl. Docsity.com
sine waves to square Waves
yeA sin Bev
Supexpositien of 4 sine wares
ao yea (oim Baw t+ ain Greve
+ + ein 10 xv)
(ay
Superposivioen of 9 sine waves
y= A Csin Bavi+ tain ower
e+ 4 sin 347 *)
Bupecposition of 5 sine waves
y=HA iin Brevr+ = ain Ox
oe +t ein 1Oxv7)"
bo
ware: (a) combination of three sine waves; (b) combination
& Figure 6-6 Superposition of sine waves to focm a square
of three, a5 10 (a), and oime sine waves. Docsity.com
Refraction
Figure 6-10 Refraction of light in passing from a less
& dense medium My, into a more dense medium Mz, where
its velocity is lower, Docsity.com
Emission Spectrum
| err Lin]
P|
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X-Ray Emission
tt
To To
12 15 37
B
2 8
2
&
=
3 4b
me
0
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
Wavelength, A
Figure 6-16 X-Ray emission spectrum of molybdenum
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metal.
Absorption Spectra
(a) Na vapor
!
5a8 5389 550
“AL
te) ~
td) Bigheayli in hexane
Absorbance
ce
G20 360 00 40
Wavelength, nm
Figure 6-19 Some typical ultraviolet absorption spectra. Docsity.com
Energy Level with Fluorescence
Kooradigive
Absorpon relaxation Flnoreacence
oe ——
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e it Bacited
Fm ag Ee £, dlectronit
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i i
a L , 1
an 7 T 4 Excited
x 4 1 I — E, electronic
i Mate L
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irrational ! La
Visible energy | ee ane
levels |
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1
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L
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ay 4
a2 T 1
RT 4 7 1 + i 1 Grund
Li Lil. ty &q clectronie
a” 1 2 tate 1
(a) (by tc]
Figure 6-20 Partial energylevel diagrams for a fluorescent orgacle molecule. Docsity.com
TABLE 6-2 Major Classes of Spectrochemical Methods
7 EEE
Radiant Power Concentration
Class Measured Relationship Type of Methods
Emission Emutted, P, P, = ke Atomic emission
Luminescence Luminescent, P; P, = ke Atomic and molecular fluorescence,
phosphorescence, and chemiluminescence
an)
Scattering Scattered, P,, Pi, = ke Raman scattering, turbidimetry, and nephelometry
P
Absorption Incident, Py, aud transmitted, P = —log Py = ke Atomic and molecular absorption
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