Download Mood Disorders and Suicide - Abnormal Psychology - Lecture Slides and more Slides Abnormal Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! Mood Disorders and Suicide Docsity.com Outline • Mood disorders, depression and mania • Depressive disorders • Bipolar disorders • Causes of mood disorders • Treatment of mood disorders • Suicide Docsity.com Mood disorders • Additional statistics – 32% of children with ADHD also met criteria for major depression – 18% to 20% of nursing home residents may experience major depressive episodes – 20% of a group of famous American poets exhibited bipolar disorders – There seems to be significant overlap between anxiety and depression with respect to causes and occurrence Docsity.com Depressive disorders • Major depressive disorder, single episode – Involves only one major depressive episode in lifetime (very rare – 85% of single episodes are followed by repeated episodes) (12% suicidal attempts) • Major depressive disorder, recurrent Y-Barbara – Involves repeated major depressive episodes separated by a period of at least 2 months during which the individual was not depressed • Dysthymic disorder – the same symptoms as major depressive disorder but presented in milder form, the depressed mood continues for at least 2 years • Double depression – Combination of major depression episodes and dysthymic disorder Docsity.com Depressive disorders • Usual onset is 25 years but is decreasing • Depressive episodes last from 2 weeks up to years • Adult patients with dysthymic disorder are more likely to commit suicide than patients with major depressive disorder • Depression can result from grief – Pathological grief reaction involves psychotic features, suicidal ideation, severe loss of weight or energy that persists more than 2 months – Therapy involves reexperiencing the trauma under supervision and finding meaning in the loss Docsity.com
Activation of stress hormones with
wide-ranging effects on
neurotransmitters
Negative attributions
Sense of hopelessness
Dysfunctional attitudes
Problems in interpersonal relationships.
and lack of social support
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Treatment of mood disorders • Medications – Antidepressants (number of side effects) – Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors (negative interactions with tyramine) – Selective serotonergic reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (side effects) – Lithium (weight gain, danger of poisoning) • Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as an alternative to ECT • Psychosocial treatments – Cognitive therapy – Interpersonal therapy • Combined treatments V-Bipolar – in depression (medication and psychosocial treatments) – in bipolar disorders (combining medication and family and/or CBT is crucial) Docsity.com Suicide • 8th leading cause of death in the USA (30 000 people a year) for people aged 25-34 • Among teenagers, suicide is the 3rd leading cause of death • The suicide rate for young men in the USA is the highest in the world • Males are four to five times more likely to commit suicide than females • 90% of suicides are committed by people suffering from psychological disorder – 60% are associated with mood disorders – 25%-50% with alcohol use and abuse – 10% borderline personality disorder Docsity.com
