Motivational Interviewing, Summaries of Psychology

Download Motivational Interviewing and more Summaries Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING (Learning Point Sheet) Learning Outcomes At the end of the discussion students will be able to: 1. Identify the use and application of MI on relevant mental health concerns. 2. Understand the underlying concepts and principles of MI 3. Apply the associated theoretical concepts and techniques on therapy. SUBTOPICS A. Motivational Interviewing > Itis a collaborative method that presumes behavioural change is achieved by utilising the basic elements of Rogers’ (1959) person-centred approach — empathy, unconditional positive regard and congruence — yet is goal directive in identifying service users’ intrinsic motivation to change, resolving the ambivalence towards change and moving through the stages of change (Miller & Rollnick, 2002). > It is often used within drug and alcohol treatment or health care settings with individuals yet can also be used in group settings. MI is designed to be used with individuals at any stage of the change process. B. Major Tenets/Principles of MI 1. Develop Discrepancy “Motivation for change is enhanced when clients perceive discrepancies between their current situation and their hopes for the future Discrepancy is initially highlighted by raising your clients’ awareness of the negative personal, familial, or community consequences of a problem behavior and helping them confront the substance use that contributed to the consequences. 2. Express Empathy Empathy "is a specifiable and learnable skill for understanding another's meaning through the use of reflective listening “ ~Empathic motivational interviewing establishes a safe and open environment that is conducive to examining issues and eliciting personal reasons and methods for change. “+ Ambivalence is normal. 3. Amplify Ambivalence Closely related to the principle of developing discrepancy, amplifying ambivalence is about recognising and verbalising where the client is “of two minds” (diametrically opposed to one another) “Sample amplifying ambivalence interventions: -How has your behaviour been a problem to you? How has it been a problem for others? -What was your life like before you started having problems with___ (compulsive shopping, smoking, drinking, etc)? -If you keep heading down the road you’re on, what do you see happening? 4. Roll with Resistance Resistance is a legitimate concem for the clinician because it is predictive of poor treatment outcomes and lack of involvement in the therapeutic process. “One view of resistance is that the client is behaving defiantly Types of Resistance A.Arguing -The client contests the accuracy, expertise, or integrity of the clinician B. Interrupting - The client breaks in and interrupts the clinician in a defensive manner. C. Denying - The client expresses unwillingness to recognize problems, cooperate, accept responsibility, or take advice. D. Ignoring - The client shows evidence of ignoring or not following the clinician 5. Support Self-efficacy “+ Improving self-efficacy requires eliciting and supporting hope, optimism, and the feasibility of accomplishing change. “* This requires you to recognize the client's strengths and bring these to the forefront whenever possible. C. Stages of Change 1. Pre contemplation For communication person may seem: -Naive -Impatient -Closed minded Providers need to: -Ask questions -Listen -Provide unbiased information -Guide individuals in awareness and to acknowledge the issues 2. Contemplation Provide information person may seem: -Reluctant -Unsure / go back and forth -Willing to listen but provide obstacles Providers need to: -Give take home information -Review pros and cons -Help to highlight the pros -Assist in making a decision 3. Preparation Provide help / referrals, support, etc. person may: -Start planning