Motivational Interviewing and Preventive Counseling in Oral Health Care, Exams of Medicine

Download Motivational Interviewing and Preventive Counseling in Oral Health Care and more Exams Medicine in PDF only on Docsity! Chapter 8: Motivation and Change A person-centered, goal-directed method of communication for eliciting and strengthening intrinsic motivation for positive change is called - Correct answer motivational interviewing Open-ended questions do not permit the patient to think about the response. This does not allow formation and insight about topics the clinician may have missed. - Correct answer Both statements are false Which of the following are the four patient-centered conditions that convey acceptance in motivational interviewing? - Correct answer Absolute worth Accurate empathy Autonomy support Affirmation Conflict or uncertainty toward making a change is called - Correct answer ambivalence Preventive counseling is conducted before the clinician has completed the patient assessment. - Correct answer False Which one of the following should NOT be documented in the patient's chart regarding oral care needs. - Correct answer causes and methods of detection The factors applied to an individual patient are matched with the available dental biofilm control procedures. These include the selection of a toothbrush and method, interdental care devices and methods, and toothpaste. - Correct answer Both statements are true. The following is an example of an affirmations statement: "Your intention was good even though it didn't turn out as you would like." - Correct answer True When implementing a plan for a patient, preventive counseling factors to consider include which of the following? Choose all that apply. - Correct answer Caries risk Current oral aids and preventive measures the patient uses. Patient's diet Tobacco use Personalized preventive counseling contributes to the knowledge, values, and practices of the individual. Then, through the individual, these ideas can be passed on to the family and the community. - Correct answer Both statements are true. What is used to evaluate a patient whose most severe problem is dental caries? - Correct answer Dietary record Instruction for most new patients will start during the assessment when they first find out there is evidence of periodontal inflammation and dental caries. Each patient will follow the same plan as everyone else. - Correct answer The first statement is true; the second statement is false. Evocation is the commitment to elicit patients' assessment of their own strengths, thoughts, ideas, and resources. - Correct answer True Patients are more likely to spend time with, trust, listen to, and be open with a healthcare provider who they perceive recognizes and affirms their strengths. Affirmations increase defensiveness. - perspective about why the patient needs to make the change. - Correct answer True A patient states they are a 5 on the scale from 1 to 10. The clinician responds, "So you are a 5? Why not a 3 or 4?" This approach can encourage the patient to explain why the behavior being discussed is important enough to designate it a 5 on the scale. - Correct answer Both statements are true. Clinicians need to recognize that health behavior changes may result from one preventive counseling session. Patient education will not take multiple sessions before progress is made toward change. - Correct answer Both statements are false. Which of following is not a step in a preventive program? - Correct answer Assessing patient's wants __________ is the appraisal of changes in a patient's oral health behavior resulting from interventions by the healthcare professional. - Correct answer Evaluation Motivational interviewing requires the clinician to paraphrase patient statements to verify accuracy. The clinician assumes responsibility for the patient achieving his or her goals. - Correct answer The first statement is true; the second is false. Passive listening is a listening style of maintaining focus and remaining engaged with what the patient is saying and reacting by demonstrating you are listening and have understood the patient either through reflection of the main points or summarizing what has been said. Active listening is listening without reacting and not being focused or engaged in what the patient is saying. - Correct answer Both statements are false. Clinicians often have a desire to help and fix what is wrong and take the "expert role." This approach places focus on the patient's ideas, experiences, and obstacles to overcome. - Correct answer The first statement is true; the second statement is false. The DARN acronym is useful for remembering the four components of preparatory change talk that initiate the behavior change process. DARN stands for which of the answers provided? - Correct answer Desire Reasons Ability Need Clinician: "Mr. Brooks, I notice you are a smoker from your chart. Please tell me what you know about smoking cessation." This an example of which component of motivational interviewing? - Correct answer open question MI cannot be used with pediatric patients and parents or other caregivers. The age and self-care ability of the child determines whether the conversation regarding preventive behavior change is directed toward the child or the caregiver. - Correct answer The first statement is false; the second statement is true. The dental hygienist is a primary care provider of diagnostic services. A specialist in oral health care, the dental hygienist is involved at all levels of prevention. - Correct answer The first statement is false. The second statement is true. The goal when having a conversation with a patient about making health behavior change is to have the patient come up with a plan to make the change. - Correct answer True When speaking with a patient regarding their individual plan for initial instruction where is the emphasis placed? - Correct answer Importance of self care ______ is the inner driving force prompting individuals to act to satisfy a need or desire, or to accomplish a particular goal. - Correct answer Motivation Using the Health Belief Model, patients with an external locus of control would probably not be successful in making a behavior change BECAUSE they do not believe that changing behaviors will have an overall positive effect on their health. - Correct answer Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. The transtheoretical model suggests health behavior change involves progress through six stages of change. These include which of the following? Choose all that apply. - Correct answer Contemplation Preparation Action Maintenance The core skills for Motivational Interviewing (MI) include which of the following? Choose all that apply. - Correct answer Open- ended questions Affirmations Reflective listening Summary Select all that apply when evaluating a patient for orientation to dental biofilm removal. - Correct answer Show and explain information on dental calculus and how periodontal disease can develop if gingivitis is left untreated. An internal driving force that prompts an individual to act to satisfy a need or desire or to accomplish a particular goal is called ________________ - Correct answer motivation ________ is the failure to carry out a prescribed healthcare plan. - Correct answer Noncompliance Motivational interviewing is based on which one of the following communication theories? - Correct answer Stages of change theory Which one of the following statements describes the Termination stage of the Stages of Change? - Correct answer Return to old behavior is highly unlikely The dental hygienist is a primary care provider of diagnostic services. A specialist in oral health care, the dental hygienist is involved at all levels of prevention. - Correct answer The first statement is false. The second statement is true. Each patient needs a preventive care plan. To plan and carry out a program takes a collaborative effort by the patient and members of the dental team. Which of the following are important aspects of this plan? Choose all that apply. - Correct answer Assess Plan Intervention Implement Perform Evaluation The dental hygienist is a primary care provider of preventive services. A specialist in oral health care, the dental hygienist is involved at all levels of prevention. - Correct answer True All of the following are acceptable techniques used with motivational interviewing EXCEPT ONE. Which one is the EXCEPTION? - Correct answer Clinician motivates the patient to change