English Grammar: Nouns, Pronouns, Adjectives, Verbs, Prepositions, Conjunctions, Exams of English Language

Download English Grammar: Nouns, Pronouns, Adjectives, Verbs, Prepositions, Conjunctions and more Exams English Language in PDF only on Docsity! Name: __________________________________________ Block: ______ English II: Price 1 1. Noun – names a person, place, thing, or an idea. a. Common noun – names any one of a group of persons, places, things, or ideas. b. Proper noun – names a particular person, place, thing, or idea. c. Compound noun – consists of two or more words that together name a person, place, thing, or idea. d. Concrete noun – names a person, place, thing that can be perceived by one or more of the senses. e. Abstract noun – names an idea, a feeling, a quality, or a characteristic. f. Collective noun – names a group of people, animals, or things. 2. Pronoun – takes the place of one or more nouns or pronouns. a. Antecedent – the word or word group that a pronoun stands for. b. Personal pronouns – refers to the one(s) speaking (first person), the one(s) spoken to (second person), or the one(s) spoken about (third person). Singular Plural First person I, me, my, mine We, us, our, ours Second person You, your, yours You, your, yours Third person He, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its They, them, their, theirs c. Case Forms of Personal Pronouns – form that a pronoun takes to show its relationship to other words in a sentence. Case Forms of Personal Pronouns Nominative Case Objective Case Possessive Case Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural First Person I We Me Us My, mine Our, ours Second Person You You You You Your, yours Your, yours Third Person He, she, it they Him her it them His, her, hers, its Their, theirs d. Nominative Case – pronouns used as subjects. e. Objective Case – pronouns used as direct objects, indirect objects, objects of prepositions. f. Possessive Case – pronouns used to show ownership or possession. g. Reflexive pronoun – refers to the subject of a sentence and functions as a complement or an object of a preposition. h. Intensive pronoun – emphasizes its antecedent and has no grammatical function in the sentence (you can take an intensive pronoun out of the sentence and it still understandable) Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns Singular Plural First person Myself ourselves Second person Yourself yourselves Third person Himself, herself, itself themselves i. Demonstrative pronoun – points out a person, place, thing or idea. This That These Those j. Interrogative pronoun – introduces a question. Who Whom Which What Whose Name: __________________________________________ Block: ______ English II: Price 2 k. Relative pronoun – introduces a subordinate clause. That Which Who (nominative case) Whom (objective case) Whose l. Indefinite pronoun – refers to a person, place, idea, or thing that may or may not be specifically named. All Each other Most One another Another Either Much Other Any Everybody Neither Several Anybody Everyone Nobody Some Anyone Everything None Somebody Anything Few On one Someone Both Many Nothing Something Each More One Such 3. Adjectives – modifies a noun or a pronoun (what kind, which one, how many, or how much) a. Articles – most frequently used adjectives (a, an, the) b. Indefinite article – refer to any member of a general group. A (used before a word beginning with a consonant sound) An (used before a word beginning with a vowel sound c. Definite article – refers to someone or something in particular. [the] 4. Verb – expresses action or a state of being. a. Verb phrase – consists of one main verb and one or more helping verbs (auxiliary verbs) i. Helping verbs - verbs that help the main verb in a sentence by extending its meaning. They can also add detail to how time is conveyed in a sentence. ii. Modal – an auxiliary verb that is used to express an attitude toward the action or state of being of the main verb. b. Action verb – expresses either physical or mental activity Commonly Used Helping Verbs Forms of “be” am be being was are been is were Forms of “have” had has have having Forms of “do” did do does Modals can might shall would could must should may ought will