Naming Alkanes - General Chemistry - Quiz, Exercises of Chemistry

Download Naming Alkanes - General Chemistry - Quiz and more Exercises Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity! 11.1 – Naming Alkanes • Organic Compounds – covalently bonded compounds containing _____________________. • Catenation – when carbons bond to carbons to form _______________ or ________________. o Also called a “carbon chain” • Hydrocarbons – composed of only _________________ and ______________________. o Example of a hydrocarbon: C4H10 (Butane) • Alkanes – hydrocarbons that contain only __________________ bonds. • Alkyl Group – any carbon or carbon chain not part of the _________________ ___________________. Systematic Naming of Alkanes • Developed by IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) • 2 types: straight chains (unbranched) and chains with alkyl groups (branched) • Rules #3-5 only apply to branched hydrocarbons: 1. Write the name of the parent hydrocarbon – find the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms (parent hydrocarbon). Add the appropriate prefix based on the number of carbon atoms in the chain and add the suffix –ane. 2. Number the carbon atoms in the parent chain – you must number the parent chain in an order so that your alkyl groups get the lowest possible number. 3. Write the names of any alkyl groups – when more than one branch of the same alkyl group is present, add numerical prefixes to the alkyl group (di=2, tri=3, tetra=4). 4. Write position numbers – put the position numbers of each alkyl group in front of the name of the alkyl group. 5. Punctuate the name – use hyphens to separate the position numbers, commas to separate numbers. Number of carbon atoms in chain Name of alkane Name of alkyl group 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Docsity.com