Natural selection and evolutionary theory. Quiz with answers | BIOL 1107, Exams of Biology

Download Natural selection and evolutionary theory. Quiz with answers | BIOL 1107 and more Exams Biology in PDF only on Docsity! BIOLOGY 1107 EXAM VI' " , 1) Charles Darwin was the first to propose A) a mechanism for how evolution occurs. ' Gl)u mechahism for evohiticin that was_\-7 supported by evidence. C) thatevolutionoccurs.,, , . D) a way to.rlse artificial seleCtion as a means of domesticating'plants*andianim;ls: E) that the Earth is older than 6,000 years. , 2) lnevolutionary terms, the more clos6ly related two different organisms are, the ,.\) more recently they shared a io,mmon" ancestor. - B) less likely they are to be relatei to fisdit forms. , C) less similar their.DNA sequences are.t D) more.similar,their habitats are. ' , E) more simi]ar tley arg in"size. " 3) Natural selection is based on ail of the followingexcept r' i ' /A) populations tend to producE mofe individuals than the environment "* .i :-*' support. B) varibtion exists within populations. d-C) individdals musdad'apt to their envronment. D). the fittest iridividuals tend toleave the.' most offspring. ' :' E) there is differential reproductive success within populations ,' 4) To observe natural'selection's effectson a population, what must be tiue? ' A) One must observe more than one generation of the population. B) The'population must contaid genetic variation. il V"-i.td bf the population -rrrt''' '' increase or decrease the use of some'porti6n' of their anatomy. r' D)AandConly * .u'. ..E) A ana I pn]1 ( , jl --." 'n I t: {r 04-25-08 ' Barstow f' 5) Of the following anat6mical structur€s;'' which is homologous to the wing of a bat? ,-A) armofahuman . B) tailofakangaroo - C) tail fin of a fish D) wing of a butterfly E) dorsal fin of a shark ; , 6) IchthyoSaurs were aquatii dinosaurs. Fossils show us that thevhad dorsal fins and tailsjdst as fish do, even though their closest relatives were terrestrial reptiles that had neither dorsal fins nor aquatic tails. The dorsal fins and t6ili of iclithyosaurs and fish are,r A) .homologous.' B) examples of convergent evolution. C) adaptptions io a common environment. D) AandConly ,/E) B and C only . '7) Analysis of forelimb anatomy of humans, bats, and whales shows that humans and bats . have fairly similar skeletal structures, while , whales have divdrled cons-iderably in the ', * shapes and proportionS of their bones. However, analysis bf several g'enes in these species suggests that all three diverged from a common ancestor at about the same time. Which of the following is the best explanation for these data? - A) Natuial selection in an aquatic environmeht resulted in significant changes to whale forelimb anatomv. }}-ffu-*s and bats evolved by iratural 'selection and whales evolved by Lambrckiin . mechanisms l , \ Evolution of human and bat forelimbs was adaptive,"but not for whales. \ Genes mutate more'rapidly in whales ' than in humans or bats. mammals. 8) Which of the following pairs of sffuctures is least likely to represent homology qfA) the wings of a bird arid those of an insect , R$ the wings of a bat and the forelimbs of a human S the hemoglobin of a baboon and that of a gorilla N$ the mitochondria of a plant and those of an animal 7E) the brain of a cat and that of a dog 9) In a Hardy-Weinbegg population with , . two alleles, A and a,that are in equilibrium, the frequency of allele a is 0.2. What is the, frequency of individuals with Aa genotype? 12) Mules are relatively longJived and " hardy organisnis that cannot, generally speaking, perform successfu I meiosis. Which statement about mules is true? . A) If crossing oier happens in mules, then it must be limited to prophase of binary fission. B)'When two mules interbreed, genetic recombination Cannot occur by meiotic crosiing over, but only by the act of fefiilization ,rC) They have a relative evolutionary fibress' ofzero. D)' Their offspring have less genetic variation than the parents. E) Mutations cannot occur in their genomes. ! i 13) Sparrows with average-sized wings survive severe storms better than those with longer or shorter wings, illustrating A) the bottleneck effect. B) natural vaiiition. ,, " ' C) frequency-dependentselection.D),disruptive selection.. - E) stabilizing selection..a ' 14) At some point in the past, two middle- sized ape chromosomes fused together in the ancestors of all human beings to form the large human chromosorne known as chromosome #2. This rearangement almost certainly means that one could predict that A) chimp-human hybrids would be sterile _ if they could survive at all. B) different chromosome numbers would create "reproductive isolation" between the ' species C) human cbromosome #2 $hould have * two centromere regions and telomere sequences that are in the interior of the chromosome. ' ,zD) A&Bonly tuE) A,B &C G A) 0.32' B) 0.42 c) o.8o D) 0.20 u A) 0.80 ..8) 0.64 c) o.7s D) 0.60 E) 0.36 -k ?o,ap e. ^ ': '"U2. *0vq A iol at tl b t01 , E) Genotype frequency cannot be ' determined from the information provided. l0).In peas, a gene controls flower color such that R: purple and r: white. In an isolated pea patch, there are 36 purple flowers and64 white flowers. Assuming Hardy-Weinberg eqriilibrium, what is the value of q for this population? | ,"/ ( ''t'{ O '\b + O'lbj'a.1>l.( 1-- o,s l1) The Darwinian Jifiress of an individual is measured by A) the number'of mates it attracts." B) howlong it lives..^ C) thg number of supergenes in the genotype. . D) the number of its offspring that survive/ '- to reproduce E) its physical strength. d' o,n, ffi