Ethical Issues in Counseling: Misconduct, Practice Scope, and Confidentiality, Exams of Social Work

Download Ethical Issues in Counseling: Misconduct, Practice Scope, and Confidentiality and more Exams Social Work in PDF only on Docsity! NCE Sample Questions And Answers. The major trend that impacted upon the counseling movement in the 1980s? a. was reality therapy. b. was behavior modification. c. included an emphasis on professionalism, certification, and licensing. d. was the group movement - \C Credentialing helped counseling become a specific and separate profession such as psychology or psychiatry. Although group work is still very popular, it emerged as a driving force in the 1970s. _______ is the leading cause of malpractice actions taken against counselors, therapists, and mental health providers a. Sexual misconduct. b. Dual relationships. c. Failure of the duty to warn. d. Inferior record keeping - \A It has been estimated that over 95% of those clients who were sexually involved with their therapists have been harmed, and that in about one third of the cases, treatment literally ended as soon as sexual intimacy began You have just made a landmark discovery which you feel could literally change the entire field of counseling and thus you write an article which depicts your findings. The next step would be to: a.submit the article to no more than two journals simultaneously. b.submit the article to every major APA and ACA journal published. c. submit the article to one publication at a time despite your conviction that the article must get published. d. write NBCC and request permission for multiple submission privileges. - \C Here is a concept I mentioned earlier and Section D of the NBCC code sets the record straight: "certified counselors must not submit the same manuscript, or one essentially the same in content, for simultaneous publication consideration by two or more journals." Multiple or duplicate submissions are unethical in relation to journal articles. Exam hint: Once your article is published you may not have it republished elsewhere without the express permission of the first publisher. A counselor is counseling an executive secretary. The counselor notes that he is writing a book and explains to the client that he will see her for free if she types the manuscript. This is: a. known as bartering and unethical as described here. b. known as bartering and ethical. c. known as bartering and is highly recommended for clients with limited income. d. is known as bartering and ethics encourage this practice whenever possible. - \a. known as bartering and unethical as described here. And what happens to the counselor's objectivity if his secretary is doing a poor job or worse yet not completing the manuscript? The practice of "bartering" is discouraged. Bartering occurs when a client exchanges a good or service for treatment or testing (e.g., I'll paint your car if you provide me with six sessions of therapy). Currently, ethics allow the practice if the client requests it, a written contract is drafted, and the relationship is not exploitative. Choice "c" would be correct if the client had suggested the bartering in lieu of the fact that she could not afford the sessions. A colleague of yours who is not a certified counselor behaves in an unethical manner. The ethical thing for you to do is: a. ignore it; unfortunately you have no rights in this situation. b. consult the school the person graduated from. c. attempt to rectify the condition via institutional channels, turning to NBCC procedures if this fails. d. all of the above are considered ethical. - \c. attempt to rectify the condition via institutional channels, turning to NBCC procedures if this fails. NBCC does not beat around the bush in regard to this critical issue. Professional behavior of associates is expected of "both certified and noncertified counselors." Read Section A: General, paragraph 3, of, NBCC's Code of Ethics. Try to ameliorate the difficulty via the institution's channels before contacting NBCC. NBCC has developed a Code of Ethics to help counselors behave in a professional manner. The code is divided into a preamble and seven sections. The first section (i.e., Section A) warns against stereotyping and discrimination. All of the following would be examples of stereotyping and discrimination EXCEPT: a. advising an African-American client to avoid graduate school because you believe the Jensen research regarding Blacks and IQ scores. b. advising a client to consider switching his college major based on your clinical judgment as well as the results from an extensive test battery. c. advising a female client to avoid taking a management position because you feel women are generally nonassertive. d. advising a female client to avoid taking a management position because you feel women managers are generally too aggressive - \b. advising a client to consider switching his college major based on your clinical judgment as well as the results from an extensive test battery. \a. a CRC. CRC stands for Certified Rehabilitation Counselor. CRCs will need at least a master's in rehabilitation counseling, acceptable experience in the Field, and a passing score on a 400-question multiple choice examination. Choice "b" is a certification specialty of NBCC known as Master Addictions Counselor. As a professional counselor you develop a self-help software package for use by the general public. Ethics indicate that: a. the package must be designed to use with counseling. b. the package must be designed to use with counseling and then modified for stand- alone usage. c. the package must be initially designed for stand-alone usage as opposed to modifying a package requiring counselor support. d. this is an unethical practice. - \c. the package must be initially designed for stand-alone usage as opposed to modifying a package requiring counselor support. If you're scratching your head, then I'd strongly suggest you peruse NBCC ethics to see why item "c" is right on target. Ethics also dictate that the certified counselor must provide descriptions of appropriate and inappropriate applications, suggestions for using the software, statements regarding the intended outcomes, and how and when counseling services are beneficial. Lastly, the manual must delineate the counselor's qualifications, the process of development, validation data, and operating procedures. Your client was seeing Dr. Doyle for counseling for three years. The client has now stopped seeing Dr. Doyle and has an appointment to see you. You should: a. refuse to see the client unless she will sign a release so you can secure the information Dr. Doyle compiled. b. call Dr. Doyle. In this situation no release of information or consent form is necessary. c. counsel the client. d. put something in writing and send it to Dr. Doyle prior to the second session of counseling. - \c. counsel the client. Treat this client in the same manner as you would treat any other client! To be sure, you might decide that information amassed via Dr. Doyle would be helpful and then you would secure the client's written permission to contact him. Nevertheless, this certainly isn't required to begin the counseling process. Moreover, it is possible that the client will not sign for the release. Ethical dilemmas rarely have clear-cut answers. Thus when a complex ethical situation manifests itself, it is best to: a. consult only ethical codes and not colleagues. b. consult with colleagues as well as ethical codes in as much as legal standards are very often based on the methods of fellow professionals in analogous situations. c. consult ACA but not your colleagues. d. consult your state licensing bureau but not your colleagues. - \b. consult with colleagues as well as ethical codes in as much as legal standards are very often based on the methods of fellow professionals in analogous situations. Legal standards and cases regarding malpractice suits are often decided by the behavior of your fellow professionals. If I were you, I'd check to make certain you're not the one soldier marching in the opposite direction! In malpractice cases you are often judged by what your peers would do in the situation. A client needs counseling but can afford only $5 per session. As a private practitioner you charge $75 per hour. You should: a. still charge the client $75 per hour, but let her pay you $5 per week indefinitely until she has actually paid your normal rate. b. be firm and tell her the fee is $75 per hour regardless other income. c. immediately refer her to a state funded agency. d. consider the client's financial status and the locality and offer her a reduced rate. - \d. consider the client's financial status and the locality and offer her a reduced rate. If she cannot afford your reduced rate, you should assist her to find a comparable service at an acceptable cost. ACA ethics tell the story: "Counselors consider the financial status of clients. "If the fee is inappropriate, you must assist the client in "finding comparable services of acceptable cost." Incidentally, ACA ethics state that counselors devote a portion of their work making a contribution to society by providing services with little financial turn or "pro bono" (i.e., free) services. 5 Stages of Helping - \1: establishing the relationship 2: assessing or defining the presenting problem 3: identifying and setting goals 4: choosing and initiating interventions 5: planning and introducing termination and follow-up 3 Concepts of Motivational Interviewing - \Collaboration, evocation and autonomy. 10 fundamental components of recovery - \1. Self-direction 2. Person centered 3. Empowerment 4. Holistic 5. nonlinear 6. Strengths based 7. Peer support 8. Respect 9. Responsibility 10. Hope 3 Primary Objectives of the Code of Ethics - \1: Assist professional counselors in making sound ethical decisions 2: Define best practice and ethical behavior 3: Supports the mission of professional associations Definition of autonomy - \Facilitating increased independence and self-direction in clients. Definition of nonmaleficence - \Avoiding doing intentional or unintentional harm. Definition of beneficence - \Promoting good for others. Definition of justice - \Fairness and equality of treatment. Definition of fidelity - \Honoring commitments and keeping promises. Definition of veracity - \Honesty and genuineness. Examples of defense mechanisms (8): - \repression, regression, denial, projection, rationalization, displacement, reaction formation and sublimation. Definition of Repression: - \The involuntary removal of material from ones conscious awareness. EX: A child who was sexually abused at 7 but has no conscious recollection of the abuse. Definition of Regression: - \Reversion to forms of behavior characteristics of an earlier age when the person was more secure. EX: A 6 year old experiencing the divorce of parents and beginning nocturnal bed- wetting after 4 years of appropriate bladder control. Definition of Projection: - \Attribution of ones unacceptable desires, motives, or characteristics to others. EX: A husband accuses his spouse of not loving him when, in fact, it is he who does not love his spouse. Definition of Displacement: - \Discharging pent-up feelings or behaviors onto less threatening targets. EX: A father in unresolved conflict at work comes home and yells at his children for not cleaning their rooms. a. social issues. b. intrapsychic processes. c. referrals to secure antidepressant medicine. d. career counseling. - \b. intrapsychic processes. This was not entirely a negative thing; nevertheless, social issues such as Vietnam, civil rights, and women's issues could have been emphasized to a greater degree. You are treating a man who suffers from panic disorder. His panic attacks are so severe he cannot drive to work. After just three sessions he is not only driving to work but has taken up skydiving to demonstrate his progress over his fear. You would love to put his testimonial on your brochure to show how adept you are at treating this affliction. You should a. ask him if he will write you a few sentences to place on the brochure with his name at the end. b. ask him if you can write the testimonial for him and place it on the brochure. c. not ask him for a testimonial since it would constitute an ethics violation. d. ask him if he will write you a few sentences to place on the brochure but assure him that his name will not appear. - \c. not ask him for a testimonial since it would constitute an ethics violation. Ethics guidelines clearly state that the counselor should not solicit testimonials from clients. Which statement best describes the counseling profession's reaction to computer assisted counseling and computer managed counseling? a. Counselors are very humanistic and seem to dislike CMC and CAC technology. b. Counselors have welcomed both forms of computer technology with open arms. c. CMC has been well received since it cuts down time on paperwork, scheduling, and record keeping, but there is a mixed reaction to CAC as some feel it depersonalizes counseling. d. Counselors dislike CMC but praise CAC highly. - \c. CMC has been well received since it cuts down time on paperwork, scheduling, and record keeping, but there is a mixed reaction to CAC as some feel it depersonalizes counseling. Work around any agency, school counseling office, or private practice and you'll surely hear counselors complaining about paperwork, ergo the enthusiasm over CMC procedures. CAC, nevertheless, seems a bit cold and depersonalizing in a field which emphasizes concepts like empathy and positive regard. Besides, when computers display warmth they tend to electronically shutdown! A 14-year-old male threatens to blow up his parents' garage because he has been grounded. You believe his threat is genuine. You should: a. ask the child if he will sign a release of information so you can talk to his parents. b. not talk to the parents since this would weaken the bond of trust you have with the client. c. have the child sign a contract stating he will not blow up the garage but mention nothing to the parents. d. warn the parents that their property is in danger. - \d. warn the parents that their property is in danger. There is little evidence to suggest a right or a wrong answer to this question. Nevertheless, a case tried in the Supreme Court of Vermont suggested that a mental health agency was negligent for not warning parents that their son, who was in therapy, threatened to burn down their barn—which he did. So until further notice a warning is in order. Traditionally, _______ counseling has caused the most ethical concerns. a. behavioral. b. person-centered. c. humanistic. d. reality therapy. - \a. behavioral. The concern has been that behavior therapists can control, manipulate, and shape behavior. Is it ethical, for example, to use aversive conditioning such as electrical shocks, drugs, or paralysis to eliminate smoking, alcoholism, gambling, or homosexual tendencies? Some clients in token economy behavior modification systems have questioned the legality of using contingencies in the form of reinforcement to get them to talk, work, behave, dress, or interact in a certain way.