Understanding the Role of Renewable Energy in Sustainable Development, Exams of Nursing

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NCHP Exam 1- Medication Administration and Chapter 26 Questions with Correct Answers 7 rights of medication administration - Correct Answers Right meds Right dose Right patient Right route Right time Right documentation Right Indication oral administration - Correct Answers easiest, most desirable route protects from aspiration (liquid meds for children) pills, tablets, enter coated tablets, delayed release tables, liquids If the patient has trouble swallowing, if the pill is crushable, crush it and add it to apple sauce topical medication - Correct Answers ointments, transdermal patches make sure WEAR GLOVES move patch to different sites when re-application eye instillation - Correct Answers drops or ointments avoid touching eye directly with applicators OD - Right Eye OS - Left Eye ear instillation - Correct Answers instill at ROOM TEMPERATURE (warm-up) never occlude ear canal comes in drop form AD - Right Ear AS - Left Ear rectal instillation - Correct Answers thinner and bullet-shaped have patient lay in SIMS position wear gloves, lubricate finger & suppository insert 10 cm deep Emma might be required before inserting Medication by Inhalation - Correct Answers pressurized meter-dose inhalers (PMDIS) - need hand strength and coordination - may be used with a spacer - have patient hold in for 10 seconds dry powder inhalers (DPIs) Breath-actuated meter-dose inhalers (BAIs) Medication by irrigation - Correct Answers common is sterile water, saline, antiseptic solutions - on the ear, eye, throat, vagina or urinary tract if there is a break in skin or mucosa parenteral medication - Correct Answers syringes: - Luer-Lok - Non-Luer-Lok - Disposable injection units storage units: - ampules - vials Insulin Syringes: - always dosed in units (U-100 syringe) - rapid, short, intermediate & long-term acting mixing insulin’s - Correct Answers do not mix insulin with any other meds or diluents NEVER MIX INSULIN GLARGINE OR INSULIN DETEMIR with other types of insulin inject rapid-acting insulin mixed with NPH insulin within 15 min before a meal administering injections - Correct Answers subcutaneous intramuscular intradermal subcutaneous injections - Correct Answers angle needle at 45 or 90 degree angle goes into subcutaneous layer of skin very small doses, DO NOT EXCEED 0.5 mL (usually insulin, heparin) any condition that impairs blood flow is contraindication for sub injections sites include outer posterior aspects of the upper arms, abdomen (below costal margins) and the anterior aspects of the thigh current organized complete PIE - Correct Answers P: nursing problem or diagnosis I: interventions used to address problem E: nursing evaluation focus charting (DAR) - Correct Answers D: data A: action or nursing intervention R: response of the patient SOAP note - Correct Answers S: subjective O: objective A: assessment P: plan originates from medical recordsdfds charting by exception (CBE) - Correct Answers all standards for normal assessment findings or for routine care activities are met unless otherwise documented "normal" body system findings - "WITHIN DEFINED LIMITS" (WDL) - "WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS" (WNL) documentation for deviations use of a shorthand method documentation of significant findings Acuity level - Correct Answers determines hours at care and number of staff required for a give group of patients every shift or 24 hours 1-5 1 (independent, almost ready for discharge) 5 (totally dependent in all aspects of care, requiring intensive care) biotransformation - Correct Answers occurs under the influences of enzymes that DETOXIFY, break down and remove biologically active chemicals occurs in liver therapeutic effect of medicine - Correct Answers expected or predicted physiological response caused by a medication adverse effects of education - Correct Answers undesired, unintended and often unpredictable responses to medication MOST EFFECTED: very young, older adults, pregnant, patients taking multiple meds, renal or liver disease, severely overweight/underweight Idiosyncratic Reaction - Correct Answers patient overreacts or underreacts to medication or has a reaction different than normal ex: Benadryl/Diphenhydramine - causing agitation instead of drowsiness urticarial (hives) - Correct Answers raised, irregularly shaped skin eruptions with varying sizes and shapes; eruptions have reddened margins and pale centers rash - Correct Answers small, raised vesicles that are usually reddened; often distributed over entire body pruritus - Correct Answers itching of skin, accompanies most rashes rhinitis - Correct Answers inflammation of mucous membranes lining nose; causes swelling and clear, watery discharge biological half-life - Correct Answers time it takes for excretion process of meds to lower the serum med concentration by half to maintain therapeutic range patient needs to receive regular, fixed doses onset of medication action - Correct Answers period of time it takes after you administer a medication for it to produce a therapeutic effect peak action - Correct Answers time it takes for medication to reach its highest effective peak concentration trough - Correct Answers minimum blood serum concentration of medication reached just before the next scheduled dose duration of action - Correct Answers length of time during which a medication is present in a concentration great enough to produce a therapeutic effect plateau - Correct Answers blood serum concentration reached and maintained after repeated, fixed doses parenteral administration - Correct Answers intradermal (ID) subcutaneous intramuscular (IM) Intravenous (IV) Epidural - epidural space via catheter Intrathecal - in the brain (subarachnoid space) Intraosseous - directly into bone marrow Intraperitoneal - into peritoneal cavity intrapleural - into pleural space intraarterial - into arteries (patients with clots) standing order - Correct Answers carried out until health care provider cancels it by another order or a prescribed number of days elapse ex: tetracycline 500mg PO q6h pen orders - Correct Answers health care provider orders a med only when a patient requires it (subjective and objective assessment (ex: pain) ex: morphine sulfate 2 mg IV q2h pen for incisional pain single (one-time) orders - Correct Answers ex: Ativan 1mg IV on call to MRI STAT orders - Correct Answers single dose med to be given immediately and only once ex: après line 10mg STAT now orders - Correct Answers more specific than a one-time order and is used when a patient needs a med quickly but not right away like STAT ex: Vancomycin 1 g IV piggyback NOW prescription - Correct Answers health care provider writes these for patients to take outside the hospital medication errors - Correct Answers any preventable event that may cause inappropriate med use or jeopardize patient safety - inaccurate prescribing - administering via wrong route/time interval - administering wrong meds - administering extra doses - failing to administer meds care bundle - Correct Answers a group of interventions related to a disease process or condition improve quality of care while preventing the most common complications associated with their conditions or diagnoses standing orders - Correct Answers PREPRINTED DOCUMENTS that contains orders for various clinical problems