Nervous Coordination - Fundamentals of Physiology | BMS 360, Study notes of Biology

Download Nervous Coordination - Fundamentals of Physiology | BMS 360 and more Study notes Biology in PDF only on Docsity! 27 January Gap junction – protein channels connect cells Ca2+ can flow through Cells act together if one is activated Electric synapse Gap junction with Na+ flowing through Depolarizing → action potential Synaptic Effectiveness Residual Ca2+ from previous action potential Amount of NT released per action potential Presynaptic synapse: One axon modifies amount of NT released from second axon Presynaptic inhibition – reduced NT release Presynaptic facilitation – increased NT release Neurotransmitters Bind to NT receptors Acts in milliseconds Neuromodulators Indirect effect On NT release On NT receptors On response to NT Slow, more lasting events, e.g. learning Co-release with NT, e.g. ATP or Agrin with Ach Neurotransmitters Biogenic Amines Catecholamines Dopamine Norepinephrine Epinephrine (adrenaline) Serotonin (5 hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) Histamine Nomenclature: “ergic” Aderengic (sympathetic) nervous system Epinephrine/norepinephrine as neurotransmitters Vasoconstrictor, increases heart rate Taken back up into presynaptic neuron after released Cocaine blocks reuptake, also amphetamines These are sympathamimetic amines More neurotransmitter at synapse ↑ HR Vasoconstrict ↓ BP Myocardial infarct or blood vessels in brain can burst (stroke)