Key Terms and Concepts in European History: 19th Century, Quizzes of Cultural History of Europe

Download Key Terms and Concepts in European History: 19th Century and more Quizzes Cultural History of Europe in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Bringing order to the city DEFINITION 1 example from paris and vienna. made parks and refurbished cities to high class differences. they eliminated poor neighborhoods, dislocated thousands of city dwellers. boulevards often served as boundaries marking rich and poor sections of the city. TERM 2 expanding the reach of government DEFINITION 2 came up with a consensus to provide details of its citizens. also regulated prostitution because of fear of diseases. TERM 3 schooling and professionalizing society DEFINITION 3 civil service law passed in 1870 required skill for jobs instead of birth importance. make population more unified--though education made people think alike. enforced school attendence (primary school) education opened professional doors to women who attended universities, especially medical school. TERM 4 spreading western order beyond the west DEFINITION 4 british run indian civil service--colonial army, largest armies in world. french over china, built canals for faster travel. japan became modern, free from western control. TERM 5 confronting the nation-state's order at home DEFINITION 5 the rise of marxis-- new theory to explain the growing power of the nation state and the spread of industry. after the franco-prussian war, revolution and civil war erupted in paris and other french cities. TERM 6 anarchism DEFINITION 6 Anarchism is a political philosophy which considers the state undesirable, unnecessary and harmful, and instead promotes a stateless society, or anarchy. TERM 7 marxism DEFINITION 7 Marxism is a political philosophy, as well as an economic and sociological worldview, which is based upon a materialist interpretation of history, a Marxist analysis and critique of capitalism, a theory of social change, and a view of human liberation derived from the work of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. TERM 8 the arts confront social reality DEFINITION 8 the realist novel. painting. opera. TERM 9 religion and national order DEFINITION 9 catholic church-- saw nation building in italy and germany as competition for people's traditional loyalty to catholicism. challenge from natural science-- believed in evolution and that God did not create all life. TERM 10 Kulturkampf DEFINITION 10 The German term (literally, "culture struggle") refers to German policies in relation to secularity and the influence of the Roman Catholic Church, enacted from 1871 to 1878 by the Chancellor of the German Empire, Otto von Bismarck. -- cultural war against religion. TERM 21 Scramble for Africa DEFINITION 21 The Scramble for Africa, also known as the Race for Africa or African fever, was a process of invasion, attack, occupation, and annexation of African territory by European powers during the New Imperialism period, between 1881 and World War I in 1914. TERM 22 Leopold II DEFINITION 22 Leopold II (, ) (9 April 1835 - 17 December 1909) was the second king of the Belgians. --driven by insatiable greed, he claimed the Congo region of central africa, initiating competition with france for that territory and inflicting on its peoples unparalleled acts of cruelty. TERM 23 Acquiring territory in Asia DEFINITION 23 britain justified its invasion of african countries as strategically necessary to acquire stopover ports for resupplying ships bound for asia and thus help to preserve its control over india's quarter of a billion people. --but in reality the expansion of imperial power was occurring around the world. TERM 24 Japan's imperial agenda DEFINITION 24 japan had a rapid transformation into a modern industrial nation with both traditional and western influence ways. --in preparation for gaining its own empire, emphasize state power over individual power.-- all classes high and low come together for the welfare of the nation. TERM 25 The paradoxes of imperialism DEFINITION 25 intensified distrust in international politics and threatened everyone. countries vied with one another for a share of world influence. competition made Europe more volatile than ever. politicians-- empire would bring great riches but costs were great. opponents-- empire was more costly than profitable to societies as a whole.