New Generation NCLEX Questions/ NCLEX New Generation Questions Updated 2023-2024/ NEW GEN, Exams of Nursing

Download New Generation NCLEX Questions/ NCLEX New Generation Questions Updated 2023-2024/ NEW GEN and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! New Generation NCLEX Questions/ NCLEX New Generation Questions Updated 2023-2024/ NEW GENERATION NCLEX QUESTIONS FOR 2023 EXAM All Answers are correct. All the Best! New NGN Question Formats: Matrix multiple-choice Matrix multiple-response Multiple-response: Select all that apply Multiple-response: Select N Multiple-response: Grouping Drag-and-drop: Cloze Drag-and-drop: Rationale Drop-down: Cloze Drop-down: Rationale Drop-down: Table Highlight: Text Highlight: Table Bow-tie Trend The New Gen Nclex has 150 questions but only 135 questions are scored. Matrix multiple-choice: Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with diabetes. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when administering insulin? Select all that apply. A. Verify the correct dose with another nurse. B. Administer insulin via intramuscular injection. C. Monitor the patient's blood glucose level. D. Check the expiration date of the insulin. 1. Answer: A, C, D. Matrix multiple-response: a CPM machine can help prevent blood clots. Finally, assisting the patient with ambulation helps promote healing and prevent complications. Drop-down: Cloze: Question: A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving chemotherapy. The patient is at risk for due to the side effects of the medication. 17. Answer: neut Cloze: Question: A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving chemotherapy. The patient is at risk for neutropenia due to the side effects of the medication. The nurse should monitor the patient for signs of infection, such as fever, chills, and increased white blood cell count. Drop-down: Rationale: Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure. The patient is prescribed furosemide (Lasix) for diuresis. The nurse should monitor the patient for which of the following adverse effects? Answer Choices: A. Hypotension B. Hyperkalemia C. Tinnitus 9. D. Bradycardia Rationale: Answer: A. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause hypotension by decreasing fluid volume and blood pressure. The nurse should monitor the patient's blood pressure and electrolyte levels, especially potassium, which can be depleted by the medication. Tinnitus and bradycardia are not common adverse effects of furosemide. Drop-down: Table: Question: A nurse is caring for a patient who has a new prescription for oral contraceptives. Which of the following medications can interact with oral contraceptives and decrease their effectiveness? Select all that apply. 10. Answer Choices: Medication Interaction Rifampin Increases metabolism of oral contraceptives Ampicillin Decreases effectiveness of oral contraceptives Anticonvulsants Increases metabolism of oral contraceptives Cimetidine Increases blood levels of oral contraceptives Answer: Ampicillin and anticonvulsants can interact with oral contraceptives and decrease their effectiveness by increasing metabolism. Rifampin can also increase metabolism, while cimetidine can increase blood levels of oral contraceptives. Highlight: Text: Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of asthma. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer first in the event of an acute asthma attack? Answer Choices: A. Albuterol (Proventil) B. Fluticasone (Flovent) C. Montelukast (Singulair) 11. D. Prednisone (Deltasone) Answer: A. Albuterol is a short-acting beta agonist that is used as a rescue medication to relieve acute bronchospasm in asthma. It works quickly to open up the airways and improve breathing. Fluticasone and montelukast are long-acting medications that are used for maintenance therapy to prevent asthma symptoms. Prednisone is a systemic corticosteroid that can be used for acute exacerbations but is not typically the first-line treatment. Highlight: Table: Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure. The patient is prescribed multiple medications to manage their symptoms. Which of the following medications can cause hyperkalemia as a potential adverse effect? Highlight all that apply. 12. Answer Choices: Medication Adverse Effect Spironolactone (Aldactone) Hyperkalemia Furosemide (Lasix) Hypokalemia Lisinopril (Prinivil) Hypotension Answer: Aspirin, ibuprofen, and garlic can interact with warfarin and increase the risk of bleeding. Vitamin K, on the other hand, can decrease the effectiveness of warfarin by promoting blood clotting. Matrix multiple-response: Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure who is prescribed multiple medications to manage their symptoms. Which of the following medications can cause hypotension as a potential adverse effect? Select all that apply. 15. Answer Choices: Spironolactone (Aldactone) Furosemide (Lasix) Lisinopril (Prinivil) Carvedilol (Coreg) Adverse effect Hypotension Yes Yes Hyperkalemi a Yes Answer: Lisinopril and carvedilol can cause hypotension as a potential adverse effect. Spironolactone can cause hyperkalemia, while furosemide can cause hypokalemia. Multiple-response: Select N Question: A nurse is assessing a patient with a suspected urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following signs and symptoms are commonly associated with UTIs? Select all that apply. 16. Answer Choices: ● Dysuria ● Hematuria ● Urinary urgency ● Abdominal pain ● Nausea and vomiting Answer: The commonly associated signs and symptoms of UTIs are dysuria, urinary urgency, and hematuria. Abdominal pain and nausea and vomiting may also be present, but they are not as commonly associated with UTIs as the other symptoms. Multiple-response: Grouping Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following are considered long-term complications of uncontrolled diabetes? Select all that apply. 17. Group 1: ● Neuropathy ● Retinopathy ● Nephropathy Group 2: ● Hypoglycemia ● Hyperglycemia ● Ketoacidosis Answer: Long-term complications of uncontrolled diabetes include neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. Hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and ketoacidosis are acute complications of diabetes and do not typically have long-term effects if treated promptly. Drag-and-drop: Cloze Question: A nurse is teaching a patient about self-care strategies to manage their chronic pain. Drag and drop the strategies from the right column to the appropriate blank spaces in the paragraph. 18. Strategies: ● Practice relaxation techniques ● Use heat or cold therapy ● Engage in low-impact exercise ● Follow a healthy diet ● Get adequate sleep Paragraph: Chronic pain can significantly impact a person's quality of life, but there are many self-care strategies that can help manage symptoms. One strategy is to . Another is to . Engaging in can also be helpful for managing pain. In addition, following a and getting can support overall health and well-being. Answer: Chronic pain can significantly impact a person's quality of life, but there are many self-care strategies that can help manage symptoms. One strategy is to practice relaxation techniques. Another is to use heat or cold therapy. Engaging in low-impact exercise can also be helpful for managing pain. In addition, following a healthy diet and getting adequate sleep can support overall health and well-being. Drop-down: Table Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with a prescription for digoxin. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor closely for potential toxicity? Select the appropriate value from the drop-down menus. | Lab value | Normal range | Critical value | Antibiotics May increase or decrease effectiveness of warfarin, depending on the antibiotic Bow-tie Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure. Using the bow-tie format, identify the potential complications of heart failure on the left side and the potential interventions on the right side. 22. Complications: ● Pulmonary edema ● Cardiogenic shock ● Arrhythmias ● Renal failure Interventions: ● Administer oxygen therapy ● Administer diuretics ● Administer vasodilators ● Monitor electrolyte levels Answer: Complications: ● Pulmonary edema ● Cardiogenic shock ● Arrhythmias ● Renal failure Interventions: ● Administer oxygen therapy ● Administer diuretics ● Administer vasodilators ● Monitor electrolyte levels The potential complications of heart failure on the left side of the bow-tie include pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock, arrhythmias, and renal failure. The potential interventions on the right side of the bow-tie include administering oxygen therapy, diuretics, and vasodilators, as well as monitoring electrolyte levels. Trend Question: A nurse is caring for a group of patients on a medical-surgical unit. Using the trend format, identify the changes in vital signs for each patient over the course of their hospitalization. Patient A: | Time | Temperature | Heart rate | Respiratory rate | Blood pressure | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Admission | 98.6 F | 88 bpm | 16 bpm | 120/80 mmHg | | Day 1 | 99.2 F | 96 bpm | 20 bpm | 130/84 mmHg | | Day 2 | 100.4 F | 104 bpm | 24 bpm | 140/88 mmHg | 23. | Day 3 | 101.2 F | 112 bpm | 28 bpm | 150/92 mmHg | Patient B: Time Temperature Heart rate Respiratory rate Blood pressure continue Admission 99.0 F 72 bpm 14 bpm 130/88 mmHg Day 1 98.8 F 78 bpm 16 bpm 135/90 mmHg Day 2 98.6 F 80 bpm 18 bpm 140/92 mmHg Day 3 98.4 F 84 bpm 20 bpm 145/94 mmHg Answer: Patient A: ● Temperature: Increases from admission to Day 3 ● Heart rate: Increases from admission to Day 3 ● Respiratory rate: Increases from admission to Day 3 ● Blood pressure: Increases from admission to Day 3 Patient B: ● Temperature: Decreases slightly from admission to Day 3 ● Heart rate: Increases slightly from admission to Day 3 ● Respiratory rate: Increases slightly from admission to Day 3 ● Blood pressure: Increases slightly from admission to Day 3 IV. Encourage fluid intake Answer Choices: A. A-1, B-3, C-2, D-3 B. A-1, B-3, C-1, D-3 C. A-2, B-2, C-1, D-3 D. A-1, B-3, C-2, D-3, D-I, D-III, D-IV Answer: D. A-1, B-3, C-2, D-3, D-I, D-III, D-IV ● Acetaminophen is indicated for fever reduction and nursing considerations include encouraging fluid intake. ● Azithromycin is indicated for antibiotic therapy and nursing considerations include monitoring liver function tests and encouraging fluid intake. ● Albuterol is indicated for bronchodilation and nursing considerations include administering on an empty stomach. ● Ceftriaxone is indicated for antibiotic therapy and nursing considerations include monitoring for signs of anaphylaxis, monitoring liver function tests, and encouraging fluid intake. Multiple-Response: Select all that apply Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure. Which of the following are symptoms of acute decompensated heart failure? Select all that apply. A. Bradycardia B. Tachycardia C. Dyspnea D. Hypertension E. Hypotension 26. F. Fatigue Answer Choices: A. B, C, E B. A, C, D C. B, C, F D. B, E, F Answer: A. B, C, E ● Acute decompensated heart failure is a sudden worsening of heart failure symptoms and can lead to serious complications. ● Bradycardia is not typically associated with acute decompensated heart failure, while tachycardia is a common symptom. ● Dyspnea, or shortness of breath, is a hallmark symptom of acute decompensated heart failure. ● Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is not typically associated with acute decompensated heart failure, while hypotension, or low blood pressure, is a common symptom. ● Fatigue may be present in heart failure patients but is not necessarily a specific symptom of acute decompensated heart failure. Multiple-Response: Select N Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with a new diagnosis of diabetes. Which of the following are recommended lifestyle modifications for diabetes management? Select 3. A. Increase physical activity B. Reduce carbohydrate intake C. Quit smoking D. Limit alcohol consumption 27. E. Increase protein intake Answer Choices: A. A, B, C B. B, C, D C. A, C, E D. A, C, D Answer: D. A, C, D ● Physical activity is an important component of diabetes management as it can help improve insulin sensitivity and glucose control. ● Smoking is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, which is a common complication of diabetes, and quitting smoking is strongly recommended. ● Alcohol can interfere with glucose control and may cause hypoglycemia, so limiting alcohol consumption is important. ● Reducing carbohydrate intake may be a useful strategy for some patients with diabetes, but it is not necessarily recommended for all patients. ● Increasing protein intake is not a recommended lifestyle modification for diabetes management. Multiple-Response: Grouping Question: A nurse is teaching a patient about medications used to treat hypertension. Place the following medications into their appropriate drug classes. Medications: A. Lisinopril B. Atenolol C. Hydrochlorothiazide D. Losartan E. Amlodipine 28. F. Spironolactone Drug Classes: I. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors II. Calcium channel blockers III. Thiazide diuretics Antacids Decreased absorption Iron supplements Decreased absorption Calcium supplements Decreased absorption Estrogen Increased metabolism Phenytoin Increased metabolism Rifampin Increased metabolism Answer Choices: (Arrange the interactions by choosing the corresponding medication or supplement from the drop-down menu) Interaction Medication or Supplement Decreased absorption Decreased absorption Decreased absorption Increased metabolism Increased metabolism Increased metabolism Answer: Interaction Medication or Supplement Decreased absorption Antacids Decreased absorption Iron supplements Decreased absorption Calcium supplements Increased metabolism Estrogen Increased metabolism Phenytoin Increased metabolism Rifampin ● Levothyroxine is a medication used to treat hypothyroidism and requires careful monitoring for drug interactions. ● Antacids, iron supplements, and calcium supplements can decrease the absorption of levothyroxine, reducing its effectiveness. ● Estrogen, phenytoin, and rifampin can increase the metabolism of levothyroxine, also reducing its effectiveness. Highlight: Text 31. Question: A nurse is providing education to a patient with type 2 diabetes about self-care measures. Which of the following statements made by the patient demonstrates an understanding of the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle to manage their condition? Answer Choices: (Highlight the correct statement made by the patient) A. "I can eat whatever I want now that I'm on medication to control my blood sugar." B. "I don't need to exercise because my medication will keep my blood sugar under control." C. "I should try to eat a balanced diet and stay physically active to manage my diabetes." Sodium Potassium Hypokalemia Magnesium Calcium ● Furosemide is a loop diuretic used to treat heart failure by reducing fluid retention. ● Loop diuretics such as furosemide can cause electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypokalemia, which can have serious consequences if left untreated. ● Hypokalemia is a condition in which the potassium level in the blood is lower than normal and can cause muscle weakness, cramping, and arrhythmias in patients with heart failure. Bow-tie 33. Question: A nurse is caring for a patient who is at risk for falls. Identify the risk factors and prevention measures for falls in the bow-tie diagram below. (Hint: The center of the bow-tie should be "Risk factors for falls" and the two "wings" should be "Prevention measures for falls" and "Consequences of falls.") [Insert bow-tie diagram with risk factors, prevention measures, and consequences labeled] Answer: (Insert bow-tie diagram with the following labeled) Center of bow-tie: Risk factors for falls Left wing of bow-tie: Prevention measures for falls ● Exercise ● Adequate lighting ● Safe footwear ● Remove tripping hazards ● Use assistive devices as needed ● Medication management Right wing of bow-tie: Consequences of falls ● Fractures ● Head injuries ● Fear of falling ● Decreased quality of life ● Falls are a common problem in older adults and can result in serious injuries and complications. ● Risk factors for falls include a history of falls, impaired balance and mobility, chronic health conditions, and medication use. ● Prevention measures for falls include exercise to improve strength and balance, removing tripping hazards in the home, ensuring adequate lighting, wearing safe footwear, and using assistive devices as needed. ● Consequences of falls can include fractures, head injuries, fear of falling, and decreased quality of life. Trend 34. Question: A nurse is caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with sepsis. Use the trend graph below to identify the appropriate interventions for managing sepsis at each stage of the condition. (Hint: The x-axis should be time and the y-axis should be the patient's condition or vital signs. The graph should show the following stages: early sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock.) [Insert trend graph with appropriate interventions labeled at each stage] Answer: (Insert trend graph with the following interventions labeled) Early Sepsis: ● Administer antibiotics and fluids ● Monitor vital signs and urine output ● Obtain blood cultures ● Identify and treat source of infection Severe Sepsis: ● Administer vasopressors to maintain blood pressure ● Consider corticosteroids ● Monitor arterial and central venous pressure ● Provide mechanical ventilation as needed Septic Shock: ● Administer higher doses of vasopressors ● Consider mechanical circulatory support ● Monitor for signs of organ dysfunction ● Consider renal replacement therapy ● Sepsis is a potentially life-threatening condition caused by an infection. Highlight: Text 36. Question: A nurse is reviewing a patient's laboratory results. Highlight the abnormal results in the following table. Test Name Result Reference Range Hemoglobin 8.2 g/dL 12.0-16.0 g/dL Platelets 75,000/mm³ 150,000-450,000/mm³ Sodium 132 mEq/L 135-145 mEq/L Potassium 5.1 mEq/L 3.5-5.0 mEq/L Creatinine 2.4 mg/dL 0.6-1.3 mg/dL Answer: continue Test Name Result Reference Range Hemoglobin 8.2 g/dL 12.0-16.0 g/dL Platelets 75,000/mm³ 150,000-450,000/mm³ Sodium 132 mEq/L 135-145 mEq/L Potassium 5.1 mEq/L 3.5-5.0 mEq/L Creatinine 2.4 mg/dL 0.6-1.3 mg/dL ● Laboratory tests are used to assess various aspects of a patient's health, including blood count, electrolyte balance, and renal function. ● Abnormal results can indicate underlying health conditions or the need for further evaluation or treatment. ● In the table provided, the abnormal results are highlighted in bold. Highlight: Table continue 37. Question: A patient with type 1 diabetes is being admitted to the hospital. Highlight the abnormal findings in the following vital signs table. Vital Sign Result Reference Range Blood pressure 132/80 mmHg <120/80 mmHg Heart rate 110 bpm 60-100 bpm Respiratory rate 20 breaths/min 12-20 breaths/min Temperature 99.5°F (37.5°C) 97.6-99.6°F (36.4-37.6°C) Answer: Vital Sign Result Reference Range Blood pressure 132/80 mmHg <120/80 mmHg Heart rate 110 bpm 60-100 bpm Adverse Effect Early Intervention Ongoing Management Resolution Nausea and vomiting Anti-emetic medication Anti-emetic medication as needed May resolve over time Fatigue Regular rest periods Physical activity as tolerated May persist throughout treatment Hair loss Scalp cooling therapy Wigs or other head coverings Hair regrowth after treatment Neuropathy Dose reduction or discontinuation Symptomatic management (e.g. gabapentin) May improve after treatment Infection Prophylactic antibiotics Monitoring for signs and symptoms May require treatment with antibiotics ● Chemotherapy is a common treatment for lung cancer, but it can also have many potential adverse effects. ● Early intervention is key to managing these adverse effects and preventing them from becoming more severe over time. ● For nausea and vomiting, anti-emetic medication can be used both as an early intervention and for ongoing management. ● Fatigue may require regular rest periods as an early intervention, but physical activity can also be helpful for ongoing management. ● Hair loss can be addressed with scalp cooling therapy as an early intervention, and wigs or other head coverings can be used for ongoing management until hair regrowth occurs after treatment. ● Neuropathy may require dose reduction or discontinuation of chemotherapy as an early intervention, and symptomatic management (e.g. gabapentin) can be used for ongoing management. ● Infection can be prevented with prophylactic antibiotics as an early intervention, but monitoring for signs and symptoms is also important for ongoing management. If an infection does occur, it may require treatment with antibiotics. 40. Matrix Multiple-Choice Question: Which of the following medications is used to treat hypertension? A) Acetaminophen B) Aspirin C) Lisinopril D) Ibuprofen Answer: C) Lisinopril continue ● Hypertension is a condition characterized by high blood pressure and can be treated with various medications, including lisinopril. ● Acetaminophen and ibuprofen are both over-the-counter pain relievers and are not used to treat hypertension. ● Aspirin is often used to prevent heart attacks and strokes, but it is not a first-line treatment for hypertension. 41. Matrix Multiple-Response Question: Select all of the following that are symptoms of anaphylaxis: A) Hives B) Itchy eyes C) Swelling of the tongue and throat D) Abdominal pain E) Hypotension Answer: A, C, E ● Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. ● Symptoms of anaphylaxis include hives, swelling of the tongue and throat (which can cause difficulty breathing), and hypotension (low blood pressure). ● Itchy eyes and abdominal pain are not typically associated with anaphylaxis, although they may occur in some cases. 42. Multiple-Response: Grouping Question: Match each type of insulin with its corresponding onset and duration of action: Types of Insulin: A) Rapid-acting B) Short-acting C) Intermediate-acting Question: Drag and drop the interventions in the order in which they should be performed when administering medication via a nasogastric tube. Interventions: ● Check placement of the tube ● Flush the tube with water ● Administer medication ● Flush the tube with water again Answer: 1. Check placement of the tube 2. Flush the tube with water 3. Administer medication 4. Flush the tube with water again Rationale: ● Before administering medication via a nasogastric tube, it is essential to check the placement of the tube to ensure that it is correctly positioned in the stomach. ● Once the placement of the tube has been confirmed, the tube should be flushed with water to clear any residual contents and prevent clogging. ● The medication can then be administered via the tube, followed by another flush of water to ensure that all of the medication has been delivered to the stomach. 45. Drop-Down: Cloze Question: Select the correct word to complete the sentence. The nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response to stress. Options: ● Sympathetic ● Parasympathetic ● Autonomic ● Somatic Answer: Sympathetic ● The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response to stress, which involves the release of hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol to prepare the body for action. ● The parasympathetic nervous system, on the other hand, is responsible for the body's "rest and digest" response, which helps to conserve energy and promote relaxation. ● The autonomic nervous system includes both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems and is responsible for regulating many of the body's automatic functions, such as heart rate, breathing, and digestion. ● The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements and sensory information. 46. Drop-Down: Rationale Question: Select the correct intervention to implement when a client is experiencing hypoglycemia. Options: ● Administer glucagon ● Administer insulin continue ● Administer oral hypoglycemic agent ● Increase carbohydrate intake Answer: Administer glucagon Rationale: ● Hypoglycemia is a medical emergency that occurs when blood sugar levels drop too low. Symptoms may include shakiness, confusion, irritability, and sweating. ● Glucagon is a hormone that raises blood sugar levels by stimulating the liver to release stored glucose. It is administered in emergency situations to quickly raise blood sugar levels. ● Insulin is used to lower blood sugar levels and would be contraindicated in a hypoglycemic client. ● Oral hypoglycemic agents are medications used to treat type 2 diabetes and are not appropriate for emergency treatment of hypoglycemia. ● Increasing carbohydrate intake may help to prevent hypoglycemia, but it would not be appropriate for treating a client who is already experiencing hypoglycemia. 47. Drop-Down: Table Question: Complete the table with the appropriate information about the different types of shock. continue ● Hypovolemic shock is caused by a loss of blood volume, which can result from hemorrhage, severe dehydration, or burns. ● Cardiogenic shock occurs when the heart fails to pump effectively, which can be caused by a heart attack, heart failure, or other cardiac conditions. ● Anaphylactic shock is an allergic reaction that can occur in response to foods, medications, or insect stings. It can cause a range of symptoms, including hives, itching, and difficulty breathing. ● Neurogenic shock is caused by damage to the spinal cord or nervous system, which can disrupt the body's ability to regulate blood pressure and heart rate. ● Septic shock is caused by a severe infection that can lead to widespread inflammation and damage to organs. It is a common complication of sepsis, a life-threatening condition that requires prompt treatment. 48. Highlight: Text Question: Read the following passage and select the sentence that accurately summarizes the author's main point. Passage: In recent years, there has been a growing concern about the impact of climate change on the planet. The increase in global temperatures has resulted in more extreme weather patterns, including droughts, floods, and hurricanes. The melting of polar ice caps has also raised sea levels, threatening low-lying areas around the world. While efforts have been made to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and slow the rate of global warming, there is still much to be done to address this critical issue. continue Options: A. Climate change is a serious problem that needs to be addressed immediately. B. Global warming has led to extreme weather patterns and rising sea levels. C. Efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions have been successful. D. Polar ice caps are melting, but this is not a significant concern. Answer: B. Global warming has led to extreme weather patterns and rising sea levels. Explanation: The main point of the passage is that climate change is causing serious problems, including extreme weather patterns and rising sea levels. Option A is close, but it's not specific enough. Option C is incorrect, as the passage does not state that efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions have been successful. Option D is incorrect, as the passage clearly states that the melting of polar ice caps is a concern. 49. Highlight: Table Question: Refer to the table below and select the correct statement. Table: continue Medication Dosage Frequency Aspirin 325 mg Daily Amoxicillin 500 mg TID Ibuprofen 200 mg QID Atorvastatin 20 mg Daily Levothyroxine 50 mcg Daily Options: A. Amoxicillin is taken once a day. B. Atorvastatin is a pain medication. C. Ibuprofen is taken four times a day. D. Levothyroxine is a medication for hypothyroidism. Answer: D. Levothyroxine is a medication for hypothyroidism. Explanation: The table lists various medications along with their dosages and frequency of administration. Option A is incorrect, as amoxicillin is taken three times Question: Review the following chart of patient vital signs over a 24-hour period and select the correct trend statement. Chart: Time Heart Rate (BPM) Blood Pressure (mmHg) Respiratory Rate (breaths/min) 12AM 82 118/76 18 3AM 75 122/78 16 6AM 72 120/82 14 9AM 80 118/76 16 12PM 88 126/82 20 3PM 92 130/84 22 6PM 98 136/88 24 9PM 105 140/90 28 Options: A. The patient's heart rate is decreasing over time. B. The patient's blood pressure is increasing over time. C. The patient's respiratory rate is increasing over time. D. The patient's vital signs are within normal range. Answer: D. The patient's vital signs are within normal range. Explanation: The chart shows the patient's vital signs over a 24-hour period. The heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate are all within normal ranges. Option A is incorrect because the patient's heart rate is fluctuating but not consistently decreasing over time. Option B is incorrect because the patient's blood pressure is fluctuating but not consistently increasing over time. Option C is incorrect because the patient's respiratory rate is fluctuating but not consistently increasing over time. Therefore, option D is correct as the patient's vital signs are within normal ranges throughout the 24-hour period. 52. Matrix multiple-choice continue Question: A nurse is caring for a patient who has just received a prescription for a new medication. The nurse is discussing the medication with the patient and wants to ensure that the patient understands the medication's purpose and potential side effects. Which of the following statements would be appropriate for the nurse to make? Options: Medication purpose Potential side effects Option A "This medication will help you sleep better." "You may experience dry mouth or dizziness." Option B "This medication will help lower your blood pressure." "You may experience ringing in your ears or an upset stomach." Option C "This medication will help reduce your anxiety." "You may experience increased appetite or difficulty sleeping." Option D "This medication will help reduce your pain." "You may experience increased blood pressure or shortness of breath." Answer: B. "This medication will help lower your blood pressure." | "You may experience ringing in your ears or an upset stomach." between 95% to 100%, and the patient's oxygen saturation is 97%. Therefore, options A, B, C, D, and E are all correct. 54. Multiple-response: Grouping Question: A nurse is assessing a patient with a history of hypertension. Which of the following should the nurse assess for? Select all that apply. Group 1: ● Visual disturbances ● Headache ● Epistaxis Group 2: ● Shortness of breath ● Fatigue ● Swelling of the feet Group 3: ● Chest pain ● Palpitations ● Dizziness Answer: Group 1: continue ● Headache ● Epistaxis Group 2: ● Shortness of breath ● Swelling of the feet Group 3: ● Chest pain ● Palpitations Explanation: The question presents three groups of symptoms or findings that the nurse should assess for in a patient with a history of hypertension. The nurse should select all of the symptoms or findings that are appropriate for assessing hypertension. Group 1 includes visual disturbances, headache, and epistaxis. Visual disturbances are not commonly associated with hypertension, but headache and epistaxis are. Therefore, the nurse should select headache and epistaxis in Group 1. Group 2 includes shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling of the feet. Shortness of breath and swelling of the feet are commonly associated with hypertension, but fatigue is not. Therefore, the nurse should select shortness of breath and swelling of the feet in Group 2. Group 3 includes chest pain, palpitations, and dizziness. Chest pain and palpitations are commonly associated with hypertension, but dizziness is not. Therefore, the nurse should select chest pain and palpitations in Group 3. 55. Drag-and-drop: Cloze continue Question: Drag and drop the stages of grief in the correct order. 1. Acceptance 2. Bargaining 3. Anger 4. Denial 5. Depression Answer: 1. Denial 2. Anger 3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Acceptance Explanation: The question presents five stages of grief that should be ordered correctly. The stages of grief include denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. The correct order is denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. Therefore, the student should drag and drop the stages of grief in the correct order. 56. Highlight: Text Question: The nurse is assessing a patient's skin for signs of jaundice. Which of the following areas should the nurse pay particular attention to? Answer: continue ● High carbohydrate diet Explanation: The question presents two groups of potential risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus, and the student is asked to select all that apply. The correct answer includes all of the risk factors listed in both groups, except for cigarette smoking, which is not a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, the student should select all of the options in Group 1 and Group 2, except for cigarette smoking. 59. Drag-and-drop: Rationale Question: Drag and drop the following types of wound dressings into the appropriate categories based on their characteristics. Categories Types of Wound Dressings Absorptive dressings Alginate Hydrocolloid Hydrogel Barrier dressings Film Foam Hydrocolloid Interactive dressings Hydrogel Hydrocolloid Silver dressing Answer: Absorptive dressings: ● Alginate ● Hydrocolloid ● Hydrogel Barrier dressings: ● Film ● Foam ● Hydrocolloid Interactive dressings: ● Hydrogel ● Hydrocolloid ● Silver dressing Explanation: The question requires the student to drag and drop different types of wound dressings into the appropriate categories based on their characteristics. The three categories presented are absorptive dressings, barrier dressings, and interactive dressings. The student should correctly identify each type of wound dressing and drag it to the appropriate category based on its characteristics. The answer includes all of the types of wound dressings listed in the table and places them in the appropriate categories. 60. Trend Question: The nurse is caring for a group of patients on a medical-surgical unit. Which of the following trends should the nurse be aware of that may indicate an increased risk of falls? Answer: Patients who are older 31. Highlight: Table Refer to the following table and select the correct answer. Drug Name Indication Route of Administration Adverse Effects continue D. Administer pain meds Answer: B. Administer sublingual NTG and/or oxygen Explanation: If the patient has an abnormal ECG result, the next step is to administer sublingual NTG and/or oxygen according to the bow-tie diagram. 34. Trend Refer to the following graph and select the correct answer. What trend can be observed in the graph? A. The number of patients admitted to the hospital increased over time. B. The number of patients discharged from the hospital increased over time. C. The number of patients in the hospital decreased over time. D. The number of patients in the ICU increased over time. Answer: B. The number of patients discharged from the hospital increased over time. Explanation: The graph shows the number of patients admitted and discharged from a hospital Matrix multiple-choice: continue Question: A nurse is caring for a client with diabetes who reports experiencing blurred vision. Which of the following medications is most likely responsible for this side effect? A) Metformin B) Glipizide C) Pioglitazone D) Exenatide Answer: C) Pioglitazone Explanation: Pioglitazone is known to cause visual disturbances, including blurred vision. Metformin, glipizide, and exenatide do not commonly cause visual disturbances as side effects. Question: A client with schizophrenia is receiving haloperidol. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor for? A) Hyperthermia B) Bradycardia C) Hypertension D) Akathisia Answer: D) Akathisia Explanation: Haloperidol can cause extrapyramidal symptoms, including akathisia (restlessness). Hyperthermia, bradycardia, and hypertension are not common side effects of haloperidol. Matrix multiple-response: Question: Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement when caring for a client with a fever? Select all that apply. A) Administer antipyretic medication as ordered. B) Encourage increased fluid intake. C) Encourage the client to rest. D) Apply cold compresses to the client's forehead. E) Monitor the client's temperature every hour. Answer: A) Administer antipyretic medication as ordered, B) Encourage increased fluid intake, C) Encourage the client to rest, E) Monitor the client's temperature every hour. Explanation: Administering antipyretic medication, encouraging increased fluid intake, encouraging rest, and monitoring the client's temperature are all appropriate interventions for a client with a fever. Applying cold compresses to the client's forehead is not typically recommended as a fever reduction measure. Multiple-response: Select all that apply: Question: Which of the following are risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes? Select all that apply. A) Age over 45 years B) Family history of diabetes C) Obesity D) History of gestational diabetes E) Sedentary lifestyle Answer: A) Age over 45 years, B) Family history of diabetes, C) Obesity, D) History of gestational diabetes, E) Sedentary lifestyle Explanation: Risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes include age over 45 years, family history of diabetes, obesity, history of gestational diabetes, and a sedentary lifestyle. Multiple-response: Select N Furosemide Diuretic Inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the loop of Henle Metoprolol Beta-blocker Blocks the action of epinephrine and norepinephrine on beta-receptors Lisinopril ACE inhibitor Inhibits the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II Options: ● Furosemide, Beta-blocker, ACE inhibitor ● Furosemide, ACE inhibitor, Beta-blocker ● Metoprolol, ACE inhibitor, Diuretic ● Metoprolol, Diuretic, ACE inhibitor ● Lisinopril, Diuretic, Beta-blocker ● Lisinopril, Beta-blocker, Diuretic Answer: Furosemide, Diuretic, Inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the loop of Henle; Metoprolol, Beta-blocker, Blocks the action of epinephrine and norepinephrine on beta-receptors; Lisinopril, ACE inhibitor, Inhibits the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Highlight: Table 4. Instructions: Highlight the cells that contain the correct answer. Question: Which of the following laboratory values indicates a possible infection? Test Normal range Possible indication of infection WBC count 4,500-11,000/µL Highlight cells Platelet count 150,000-450,000/µL ESR 0-22 mm/hr Highlight cells CRP < 0.5 mg/dL Answer: WBC count and ESR Bow-tie 5. Instructions: Select the option that best fits in the blank space. Question: The nurse is assessing a patient with a new diagnosis of hypertension. Which of the following is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take? /------------- / /-----------\ /------------- / \ / Option A Option B Option C Option D continue Educate the patient on lifestyle modifications Refer the patient to a nutritionist Administer a beta-blocker medication Educate the patient on the benefits of smoking Monitor the patient's blood pressure regularly Assess the patient's blood glucose level Answer: Monitor the patient's blood pressure regularly 6. Matrix multiple-response 1. Matrix multiple-choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of a Stage 2 pressure ulcer? A. Skin is intact with erythema B. Partial-thickness skin loss involving epidermis and/or dermis C. Full-thickness skin loss with visible subcutaneous fat D. Full-thickness skin loss with visible bone, tendon, or muscle 2. Matrix multiple-response: Which of the following signs and symptoms are commonly associated with hypoglycemia? Select all that apply. A. Sweating B. Nausea C. Bradycardia D. Confusion ACE inhibitors Inhibit conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II Beta blockers Block beta-adrenergic receptors Calcium channel blockers Block calcium channels in the heart and blood vessels Diuretics Increase urinary output and decrease fluid volume 11. Highlight: Text What is the normal range for serum sodium? 12. Highlight: Table What is the normal range for arterial blood gas (ABG) values? 13. Bow-tie What are the possible complications of a central venous catheter? 14. Trend What trends in vital signs are commonly associated with sepsis? 15. Matrix multiple-choice Which of the following types of fractures is characterized by the bone breaking in multiple pieces? A. Transverse fracture B. Oblique fracture C. Comminuted fracture D. Greenstick fracture 16. Matrix multiple-response Which of the following are risk factors for developing pressure ulcers? Select all that apply. A. Advanced age Matrix multiple-choice: Which of the following is a risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes? A. Consuming a diet high in protein B. Engaging in regular physical activity C. Having a body mass index (BMI) of 25 or lower D. Being over 45 years of age 1. Answer: D Matrix multiple-response: Which of the following are signs and symptoms of meningitis? (Select all that apply) A. Fever B. Nausea and vomiting C. Headache D. Photophobia E. Bradycardia 2. Answer: A, B, C, D Multiple-response: Select all that apply: Which of the following are interventions for a patient with heart failure? (Select all that apply) A. Administering oxygen B. Monitoring weight daily C. Encouraging a high-sodium diet D. Administering furosemide E. Encouraging bed rest 3. Answer: A, B, D Multiple-response: Select N: How many times per day should a patient with type 1 diabetes check their blood glucose levels? A. Once B. Twice C. Three times D. Four times 4. Answer: D Multiple-response: Grouping: Match the following medications with their classifications: A. Metoprolol B. Lisinopril C. Furosemide D. Heparin 5. E. Warfarin 1. Beta blocker 2. ACE inhibitor 3. Loop diuretic Anticoagulant 4. Answer: A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4, E-4 Drag-and-drop: Cloze: Place the following steps for administering an intramuscular injection in the correct order: A. Select an appropriate needle length B. Cleanse the injection site with an antiseptic solution C. Remove the needle from the packaging a. Limiting sodium intake b. Regular physical activity c. Following a low-fat diet d. Maintaining a healthy weight e. Quitting smoking Answer: a, b, d, and e 5. Which of the following are components of the nursing process? a. Assessment b. Diagnosis c. Planning d. Implementation e. Evaluation Answer: a, b, c, d, and e Matrix multiple-choice Which of the following is a function of the liver? a. Production of insulin b. Storage of bile c. Regulation of blood pressure 6. d. Secretion of digestive enzymes Answer: b. Storage of bile Which of the following is a characteristic of the sympathetic nervous system? a. It slows heart rate b. It causes bronchoconstriction c. It stimulates digestion 7. d. It releases epinephrine Answer: d. It releases epinephrine Which of the following is a type of urinary incontinence? a. Stress incontinence b. Cystic incontinence c. Urge incontinence 8. d. Renal incontinence Answer: a. Stress incontinence Which of the following is a symptom of hypothyroidism? a. Weight loss b. Heat intolerance c. Fatigue 9. d. Tachycardia Answer: c. Fatigue Which of the following is a characteristic of viral infections? a. They are treated with antibiotics b. They can be prevented with vaccination c. They are caused by bacteria 10. d. They respond to antifungal medication Answer: b. They can be prevented with vaccination Matrix multiple-response 11. Which of the following are signs and symptoms of dehydration? a. Dark urine b. Dry mouth c. Increased urination d. Sunken eyes e. Fatigue Answer: a, b, d, and e 12. Which of the following are medications commonly used to treat hypertension? a. ACE inhibitors b. Beta blockers c. Calcium channel blockers d. Loop diuretics e. Nitroglycerin Answer: a, b, c, and d 13. Which of the following are signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia? a. Frequent urination b. Blurred vision c. Abdominal pain d. Increased thirst e. Fruity breath odor Answer: a, b, d, and e 14. Which of the following are recommended screening tests for cervical cancer? a. Pap smear b. HPV testing c. Colposcopy weight daily can help identify fluid retention, but consuming a high-sodium diet should be avoided in heart failure patients. Encouraging the patient to rest is important, but it is not one of the two interventions that are directly related to the management of heart failure. Multiple-response: Grouping Question: Which of the following medications are commonly used to treat hypertension? Group the medications into the appropriate categories. Categories: A) Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors B) Calcium channel blockers C) Beta-blockers Options: 1. Amlodipine 2. Lisinopril 3. Carvedilol 4. Nifedipine 5. Metoprolol 6. Enalapril Answer: A) Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors: 2, 6 B) Calcium channel blockers: 1, 4 C) Beta-blockers: 3, 5 Explanation: ACE inhibitors (such as enalapril and lisinopril) are a class of medications that work by relaxing blood vessels and decreasing the workload on the heart. Calcium channel blockers (such as amlodipine and nifedipine) work by relaxing the muscles in blood vessels, allowing them to widen and lower blood pressure