NHA Phlebotomy Exam Complete 2023, Exams of Nursing

Download NHA Phlebotomy Exam Complete 2023 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! NHA Phlebotomy Exam Complete 2023 Blue stopped tubes are used primarily for the following assay: PT Sodium heparin is the anticoagulant most commonly found in which of the following tubes? Green Yellow-stoppered tubes are generally used for: Blood Cultures The liquid portion of the blood collected from a red-stoppered tube following centrifugation is: Serum A phlebotomy quality assurance program may include each of the following except: Abnormal glucose quality-control results Which of the following defines quality control? Process that validates final results and quantifies variations Hemolysis is a reason for specimen rejection. It may be caused by all of the following except: Clotting, because of insufficient mixing with the anticoagulant The following procedures should be performed in the nursery when a phlebotomist collects a capillary specimen from an infant except: Applying a bandage when bleeding has stopped to prevent infection The order of filling tubes once blood has been collected in a syringe is: Yellow, Light Blue, Red, Purple The term that describes the interrelationship of the law and medicine is: Medical-legal What is not a benefit of multitasking? Specialization Which of the following pertains to the absence of oxygen? Anaerobic Medical malpractice lawsuits are most often brought under the legal theory of: Negligence Laws passed by the US Congress are called: Statutes Standard Precautions is the practice of treating ________ as if they are known to be infectious for HBV, HIV, and other blood borne pathogens. All human blood and other potential infectious material (OPIM) The legal term for the intent to cause harm or injury to a person without the person's consent, and which actually harms that person, is: Battery When a patient refuses to have his or her blood drawn, the phlebotomist should do the following except: Force the patient to have his or her blood drawn Equipment error(s) causing no blood to be collected include: No vacuum in the tube Which of the following s not a reason to avoid an area of the arm to perform venipuncture? Obesity What is the first course of action if a patient has convulsions? Remove the tourniquet and needle All of the following statements are true except: Gray-stoppered tubes are used for CBC and WBC tests When a hematoma is forming, all of the following are acceptable except: Ignore it and collect the specimen Technical errors causing a short draw include: A collapsed vein because of too much vacuum in the tube Homeward is a type of Splashguard A full sharps container should be: Disposed of into a properly lined, leak-proof, and puncture proof container A retractable sheath: is part of a multiple draw needle A common site for arterial puncture is Radial Artery in the wrist Which of the following neonatal tests is required by law? Phenylketonuria Green-stoppered tubes may be used for the following laboratory tests except: CBC Which of the following is not classified as a barrier precaution? 1. HBV Vaccine 2. Gloves 3. Goggles 4. Gown HBV Vaccine The most common cause of blood culture contamination is: Improper Skin Preparation Nosocomial infections are those that are: Acquired during a period of hospitalization Which of the following viruses are transmitted primarily through contact with infected blood: a. Hepatitis A and Rubella Virus b. Hepatitis B and Human Immunodeficiency Virus c. Influenza and HIV d. Polio and Hepatitis C Virus B. Hepatitis B and HIV The most effective preventive measure to eliminate the transmission of disease in a health care institution is: Hand Washing Which of the following are characteristics of a profession? a. Distinct Field of Knowledge b. Full-time occupation c. High Degree of Autonomy d. All of the Above All of the Above Continuing education in the laboratory profession is generally characterized by: Education acquired from workshops and seminars attended after formal education has ended Which of the following cells contribute most to blood clotting? Platelets Another name for erythrocytes is: Red Blood Cells The tricuspid and bicuspid valves are associated with the: Heart During exhalation: Carbon Dioxide is removed from the lungs Which of the following is the acceptable order of draw for evacuated tube collection? a. Gray, Yellow, Red b. Yellow, Light Blue, Red c. Red, Light Blue, Yellow d. Green, Yellow, Gray Yellow, Light Blue, Red Perhaps the single most important step in phlebotomy is: Patient Identification Which of the following is the vein of choice for venipuncture? Median Cubital The bevel of the needle should be in which position before entering a vein? Facing upward Which of the following steps are in the proper order? a. Remove the needle, release the tourniquet, and apply pressure b. Apply pressure, release the tourniquet, and remove the needle c. Remove the needle, apply pressure, release the tourniquet d. Release the tourniquet, remove the needle, and apply pressure Release the tourniquet, remove the needle, apply pressure Which of the following is not a physiological condition that may cause variation in the basal state? a. Diet b. Exercise c. Gender d. Trauma Gender "The degree of skill, proficiency, knowledge, and care ordinarily possessed and employed by members in good standing in the profession" is the legal definition for: Standard of care Aspirin may affect a patient's: Bleeding Time When a patient is absent from his or her room, the phlebotomist should do all of the following except: a. Check with the nurse to locate the patient b. Draw blood from the patient in a new location if possible c. Make a note on the requisition if unable to collect the specimen d. Try to find the patient after lunch D. Try to find the patient after lunch Gloves should be worn During all venipuncture and capillary punctures The type of isolation or precaution category that would be the most important for phlebotomists is: Blood and body fluid precautions Where does the electrical impulse start in the heart? Sinoatrial Node Which of the following is a biological condition that may affect the results of blood testing? A. Diet B. Posture C. Pregnancy D.Trauma C. Pregnancy Which of the following is part of being a professional? A. Dressing Appropriately B. Having Patience C. Being Well Groomed D. All of the Above D. All of the Above Which of the following is released from the pancreas and has major effect on blood glucose levels? A. ACTH B. Insulin C. Thyroxine D. Renin B. Insulin Which of the following is not true: A. Needles may be covered with a safety device that is part of the needle holder B. It is acceptable to recap used needles after a routine venipuncture C.The tube holder and needle are discarded D. Disposable needles can never be reused B. It is acceptable to recap used needles after routine venipuncture When preforming a venipuncture, the tourniquet should never be on for: A. 15 seconds B. 30 seconds C. 1 minute D. 4 minutes 4 minutes The ability to understand someone else's perspective is known as: Empathy Which of the following is a barrier to effective communication? Reference Gap Which of the following is true? A. A phlebotomist must use both verbal and nonverbal communication B. It is acceptable to show displeasure with a patient when his or her family is present C. Looking at your watch is an acceptable way to communicate to a patient that you have more work to do D. It is acceptable to tell a patient that you are a student and just learning A. A phlebotomist must use both verbal and nonverbal communication Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream to: Be used for the body's chemical reactions Which of the following is not capital equipment? A. Blood Pressure Cuffs B. Centrifuges C. Syringes D. Timers C. Syringes Which of the following is an example of consumable equipment? A. Tourniquet B. Printer C. Computer D. Phlebotomy Chair A. Tourniquet A prolonged bleeding time may be indicative of: Low Platelet Count Osteomyelitis occurs when: B. Clot in an EDTA Tube C. Hemolysis in a blood bank specimen A. Clot in a "tiger-top" tube This area of the laboratory often has the strictest specimen collection requirements: Blood Bank Which virus account for the majority of post transfusion cases of hepatitis in the U.S? Hepatitis C Virus OSHA regulation requires all health care service providers to provide: Safety and engineered sharp devices Which of the following is not measured or recorded for routine blood donation? A. Weight B. Temperature C. Age D. Eye Color D. Eye Color Phlebotomists often have many duties and tasks. Which of the following is the primary duty? A. Specimen Processing B. Specimen Accession C. Collecting Venous Blood Specimens D. Collecting Arterial Blood Specimens C. Collecting Venous Blood Specimens In the word phlebotomy, the letter o after the b is a: Combining Vowel What does the common suffix it is mean? Inflammation What does the word root ven mean? Vein Most medical terms can trace their roots to these two languages: Greek and Latin This is a sugar deficiency that is included in newborn screening tests: Galactosemia Screening tests for hemolytic disease of the newborn include testing for this compound: Bilirubin Which WBC carries histamine? Basophils The proper way to insert a needle is with the bevel facing _____? Up (T/F) Cortisol peaks in the late afternoon False The additive in a pink tube is: EDTA When serum is _________ it is a clue that the patient is not fasting. Lipemic If an infant is screaming during a CBC test the WBC may be elevated Which is used for PT and PTT? Light Blue Top Sodium Citrate have what color stoppers? Light Blue The chamber of the heart that receives blood from the systemic circulation Right Atrium What percentage of formed elements is erythrocytes? 90% Which test may require a chain of custody? Drug Screen The pulmonic valve is situated between ____________________. Right ventricle and pulmonary artery A drug known to interfere with urine tests should be discontinued 48-72 hours prior to the test. True This organization develops standards for specimen handling and processing CLSI Which would be considered a post-analytical error? Improper use of serum separator Which is the best tube for collecting an ethanol specimen? Sodium fluoride Which tube does not contain EDTA? A. Lavender tube tops B. Pink plastic top tubes with special blood bank patient ID label C.Pearl top tubes with thixotropic gel separator D. Mottled green and gray topped tubes D. Mottled green and gray topped tubes An NP culture swab is collected to help diagnose Whooping Cough The internal space of a blood vessel Lumen The relaxing phase of the cardiac cycle is: Diastole C. Patient is admitted with chicken pox D. Patient breaks out with measles one day after admission A. Catheter site of ICU patient becomes infected Tiny red spots on the skin cause from the rupturing of capillaries are called _____________. Petechiae The myocardium is the layer of the heart that is made of ___________-. Muscle Which of the following specimens are least likely to require special handling? A. Bilirubin and Folate B. Cholesterol and Uric Acid C. Gastrin and Lactic Acid D. Homocystine and renin B. Cholesterol and Uric Acid A urine C & S is ordered to detect Presence of UTI The following is a test of the respiratory system: A. ABGs B. CSF C. ETOH D. UA A. ABGs A group of tests collected as one unit: Profile A clean catch test is collected in a: Sterile Cup (T/F) Lavender, Yellow and Green tubes should all be inverted 8 times each: True When the body has adequate rest and no food for 12 hours it is said to be in the___________state. Basal What tube is used for a WCB differential? Lavender Which WBC comprises 40%-60% of the white blood cells? Neutrophils (T/F) Taking aspirin is most likely going to effect a BT test. True Which fluid is obtained by lumbar puncture. Cerebrospinal Failing to provide reasonable standards of care causing someone to suffer an injury is know as ____________. Negligence A red top tube is usually drawn for which lab department? Chemistry Which test is NOT a light sensitive test? A. Bilirubin B. Beta-carotene C. Porphyrins D. Ammonia D. Ammonia (T/F) An open wound can be a portal of entry in an infection chain. True Which body plane divides the body in equal portions? Midsagittal Which test requires a 24 hour urine specimen? Creatnine Clearance (T/F) Vigorous mixing can activate platelet and shorten clotting times. True 20%-40% of WBC are comprised of _______________. Lymphocytes What gauge multi-sample needle is considered to be standard? 21 Gauge When collecting a Blood culture with a butterfly into culture bottles, which is filled first? Aerobic How many inches above the site should the tourniquet be tied? 3-4 (T/F) The left ventricle delivers oxygenated blood to the aorta. True Collecting urine by aspiration through the bladder wall Suprapubic What special handling does a cold agglutinins test require? Pre-Warmed Tubes POC testing is done _____________. At the patient's bed The most critical aspect of blood culture collection is Skin antisepsis If the patient continues to bleed after 8 minutes of pressure you should ______________. Call for Help B. CBC C. CPK D. PTT B. CBC (T/F) The Good Samaritan Law allows health care workers to provide medical care above and beyond their normal field without being sued. False Bacteria and parasites belong to which type of hazard? Biologic (T/F) Serum is depleted of fibrogen. True Which order of draw is correct. A. Yellow, red, blue B. Blue, gray, lavender C. Red, green, lavender D. Red, green, yellow C. Red, green, lavender The ability of the body to achieve "steady state". Homeostasis Which is not a reason for failure to collect blood? A. Tube lost vacuum B. Bevel of the needle against the vein side C. Needle not fully in the vein D. Patient drank too much liquid D. Patient drank too much liquid How many hours before a blood test should a patient discontinue the use of medications known to interfere with blood tests? 4-24 hours What is a condition that could cause leukopenia? Leukemia If a patient refuses treatment you should Tell your supervisor The break down and removal of a clot in the hemostasis process is ______________. Fibrinolysis (T/F) Always recap your needle before putting it into the sharps container. False The two circulations of the heart are _________ and ___________. Pulmonary and Systemic Glass particle in serum separator tubes Enhance clotting Wher is blood collected, stored and prepared for transfusions? Blood Bank (T/F) Taking aspirin is most likely going to effect a BT test. True Repeated venipuncture in the same vein can cause: Phlebitis (T/F) Veins have thinner walls than arteries. True Sputum is collected to diagnose Tuberculosis (T/F) The order of draw for venipuncture is: BC, blue, serum, green, EDTA, gray True What is the function of a leukocyte? Protect from infection Contact, droplet and airborne are ____________. Modes of transmission Microorganisms that cause diseases Pathogenic A red top tube is usually drawn for which lab department? Chemistry (T/F) Oxygen-poor blood enters the heart through the right atrium. True Which laboratory section performs blood pregnancy tests? Chemistry Hemostasis is defined as _______________. Stoppage of blood Which tube is sometimes called a serum separator tube? Red/gray What is the normal life span of a RBC? 120 Days Which of the following veins in the arm are most subjected to venipuncture? Median Cubital OSHA requires that health care professionals receive a vaccine for: HBV The test used to evaluate intrinsic pathway is called ____________. APTT Which is a test of the urinary system? A. Cholinesterase B. Creatine kinase Cephalic Pulmonary Circulation carries ___________________________. Deoxygenated blood to the lungs and oxygenated blood from the lungs. Capillary puncture reference ranges are higher for this analyte. Glucose Permanent surgical connection between and artery and a vein. Fistula How many times should a light-blue tube be inverted? 3-4 What is another name for winged infusion sets? Butterfly The following were collected for a routine venipuncture. Which item is incorrect? A. Tubes B. Iodine swab C. Tourniquet D. Safety needles B. Iodine swab To measure diurnal variation of cortisol hormone what kind of specimen would be required? Timed The OGTT test diagnoses ______________. Diabetes To check for trace elements a phebotomist would use a ______ tube. Royal Blue Which would be considered a pre-analytical error? Improper time of collection (T/F) Glycolysis occurs faster in newborns. True What is the preferred site for venipuncture? Antecubital fossa Accumulation of fluid in the tissues. Edema All patients are presumed to be infectious for ___________. Blood borne pathogens Lymph originates from Tissue Fluids Which layer of the heart is the epicardium? Outer What tube is used for ESR? Lavender Invert a gray tube __________ times. 8 A patient in the Oncology Dept. is probably being treated for _______________. Cancer Sodium Fluoride preserves glucose for how many days? 3 Days Where do blood cells originate? Bone Marrow Direct contact transmission is defined as ___________. Skin to Skin (T/F) Latex sensitivity is an allergic reaction. True What is the preferred antiseptic for venipuncture? Isopropyl alcohol Which represents the proper order of blood flow? From arterioles to capillaries to venules Which lab sectioin would analyze the C&S test? Microbiology The first phase of hemostasis is _________________. Vascular stage Test for this dept. are usually collected in a light blue tube. Coagulation The purpose of an antiglycolotic agent is Preserve glucose The hormone detected in a positive pregnancy test is HCG Another name for thrombocytes is______________. Platelets The most common complication of phlebotomy. Hematoma Microorganism cultures are collected in _____________tubes. Yellow How many types of leukocytes are in blood? 5 Another name for blood in the urine: Hematuria The heart disorder characterized by fluid buildup in the lungs Congestive heart failure Ammonia Chemical Test would be done with a _______ tube. Green Which is the best tube for collecting an ethanol specimen? 3-4 Red, Plastic or Glass Tube Tests: Chemistry, Serology, or Blood Bank Red, Plastic or Glass Tube Additives: Red Glass: None Red Plastic: Clot Activators Red Plastic Inversions: 5 Inversions Red Tube Specimen: Serum Lavender Tube Tests: CBC in hematology, but may be used for routine immunohematology and blood donor screening. Lavender Top Additives: EDTA Lavender Tube Specimen: Whole Blood Lavender Tube Inversions: 8 Inversions Pearl Top Tests: Viral Loads Pearl Top Additives: Polymer Gel w/ EDTA Pearl Top Specimen: Plasma Gold BD Hemogard Closure or Red/Gray Tests: Most Chemistry Tests Gold BD Hemogard or Red/Gray Tests Additives: Clot Activators, and Polymer Gel Gold BD Hemogard or Red/Gray Tests Specimen: Serum Gold BD Hemogard or Red/Gray Tests Nicknames: SST, "Stat" Tubes, Tiger Top, or Jungle Top Gold BD Hemogard or Red/Gray Tests Inversions and Clotting: 5 Inversions and Clotting Requires at least 30 minutes Gray Top Tube Tests: Lactic Acid Measurement, Glucose Tolerance Test, Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), and Blood Alcohol Levels Gray Top Tube Additives: Antiglycotic Agent (Iodoacetate or sodium Flouride) That preserves glucose, or the anticoagulant potassium oxalate or heparin Gray Top Specimen: Plasma Gray Top Length: The Iodoacetate preserves glucose for 24 hours, and the sodium fluoride preserves glucose for 3 days. Gray Top Tube Inversions: 8 Inversions Black Top Tests: Sedimentation Rate (Although often done w/ a lavender top tube instead) Black Top Additives: Sodium Citrate (4 parts blood to 1 part Citrate) Black Top Specimen: Whole Blood Green Top Tube Additives: Sodium Heparin, Lithium Heparin, or Ammonium Heparin Green Top Tests: Stat Chemistry, Ammonia, Electrolytes, ABG, Depending on heparin additive Green Top Specimen: Plasma Green Top Inversions: 8 Light Green or Green/Gray Tests: Stat Potassium Light Green or Green/Gray Additives: Heparin, Polymer Gel Light Green or Green/Gray Specimen: Plasma Light Green or Green/Gray Notes: Also called plasma separator tubes or PSTs. Light Green or Green/Gray Inversions: 8 Inversions Orange BD Hemogard Closure or Yellow/Gray Additives: Thrombin Orange BD Hemogard Closure or Yellow/Gray Tests: Stat Chemistry Orange BD Hemogard Closure or Yellow/Gray Specimen: Serum Orange BD Hemogard Closure or Yellow/Gray Clotting Time: 5 Minute Clotting Time, except when patient is on anticoagulant therapy Orange BD Hemogard Closure or Yellow/Gray Inversions: The department that identifies pathogenic microorganisms in patient samples is: Microbiology A C&S test is analyzed in the Microbiology Which of the following would not be considered a pathogen? A. Bacteria B. Viruses C. Fungi D. Vectors D. Vectors Varicella-Zoster is the cause of: Chicken Pox Vectors include Insects Some types of E. Coli are normal flora of the Colon The continuous links in the chain of infection are, in order, Source, means of transmission, and susceptible host In the circulatory system, gas exchange occurs in the Capillaries Which blood vessels are a single cell in thickness? Capillaries Veins and Arteries are Composed of how many layers? 3 A characteristic of arteries are: A thick muscle layer lining the lumen An average adult has how many Liters of blood? 5 to 6 Plasma constitutes a total of what % of total blood volume? 55% Another name for a WBC is a Leukocyte Which leukocyte is known as a phagocyte? Neutrophil Platelets remain in the circulation for 9 to 12 days A group of inherited disorders marked by increased bleeding times is? Hemophilias Which organ is not included in the lymphatic system? A. Liver B. Spleen C. Thymus D. Tonsils A. Liver Helper T Cells are needed to make: Antibodies Which of the following is not an anticoagulant: A. Polymer Gel B. Sodium Heparin C. Sodium Citrate D. EDTA A. Polymer Gel Complete clotting of a blood sample in a SST tube takes how many minutes at room temperature? 30 minutes Serum Contains? A. Fibrinogen B. Clotting Factors C. Plasma D. None of the Above D. None of the Above EDTA prevents coagulation in blood tubes by: Binding Calcium Tubes with gray tops are used for: Glucose Tolerance Tests The string method of draw is useful because: it allows for control of blood flow. The additive sodium citrate is used in blood collection tests for: Prothrombin time Tubes containing the SPS anticoagulant are used for Blood Culture Analysis Blood collected in gray top tubes is used for which test? FBS Blood collected in light blue topped tubes is used for which test? Coagulation Dermal Punctures are performed on: Capillaries What has a higher value in capillary blood as opposed to venous blood? Hemoglobin Good candidates for dermal collection include patients who: Require frequent collection, and/or are obese C. PICC D. EMLA D. EMLA Blood should never be collected from the arm of a patient containing an : A. An AV Shunt B. an IV C. An arterial Line D. A CVC A. An AV Shunt Dermal Punctures in pediatric patients are preferred for __ Testing: PKU Which is not a type of CVC? A. groshong B. Triple Lumen C. Broviac D. Fisutla D. Fisutla An arm containing __ is never used for phlebotomy procedures? A. A heparin Lock B. An Arterial Line C. A Fistula D. An implanted Port C. A Fistula Only specially trained personnel acting on a doctors order are allowed to collect specimens from: A. Geriatric Patients B. VADs C. Newborns D. Mentally impaired patients B. VADs Arterial Blood collection monitors all of the following except: A. Ammonia B. Glucose C. Lactic Acid D. Blood Gases B. Glucose The ABG string is coated with: Heparin A typical needle gauge for ABG collection is: 22 gauge Which artery is most frequently used for ABG collection? Radial The modified Allen Test determines: Collateral Circulation In an arterial collection, the needle should be inserted at a __ degree angle. 45 If lidocaine is injected before an arterial blood collection, wait __ minutes for the anesthetic to begin working. 1 to 2 The modified Allen Test is performed on the ____ and ____ arteries: Ulnar, Radial Which of the following is not a complication of ABG collection? A. Petechiae B. Arteriospasm C. Thrombosis D. Hematoma A. Petechiae Timed Specimens are most frequently collected to monitor: Medication Levels A 2 hour postprandial test us used to test for Diabetes Mellitus For a 3-hour GTT, how many samples will be collected? 5 Within what time period should a patient drink the glucose solution required for a GTT? 5 Minutes The epinephrine tolerance test determines the patient's ability to Mobilize glycogen from the liver BC Collection involves An aerobic and non aerobic sample To collect a cold agglutinin sample: Warm the sample the for 30 mins. before collection Which specimen requires chilling during transfer to the lab: A. Cryofibrinogen B. Cryoglobulin C. Ammonia D. Cold Agglutins C. Ammonia When making smears for malaria Prepare tow to three regular smears and one thick smear Warmed before collection and transported warm Infant Bilirubins are transported: In amber colored microtubes Once a cap is removed rom a blood tube, pH May Increase Which of the following can be centrifuged immediately after collection? A. SST B. Clot Tubes C. Thrombin Tubes D. Sodium Citrate Tubes D. Sodium Citrate Tubes Which of the following specimens would not be rejected? A. A CBC collected in a lithium heparin tube B. An EDTA tube used for chemistry test C. A sodium level collected in a sodium heparin tube D. A cold agglutinin sample transported in a heel warmer packet D. A cold agglutinin sample transported in a heel warmer packet Complete blood clotting time may take ____ at room temperature. 30 to 45 minutes The major risk of stopper removal is aerosol Which os the following is not assigned to a specimen? A. Name of the collector of the specimen B. Accession Number C. Specimen Type D. Name of the person depositing specimen in the lab B. Accession Number The percentage of packed red blood cells in a volume of blood is known as the Packed Cell Volume A handheld hemoglobin analyzer gives a readout whose units are in Grams per Deciliter What POC test can be used to monitor heparin therapy? ACT or APTT What test can provide valuable info regarding whether a patient has experienced a myocardial infarction? Cardiac TnT What test can be used to screen for colon cancer? Occult Blood Determination of HCG us used to evaluate Pregnancy What type of specimen is used for the occult blood test? Feces What Strep group is detected when performing a rapid strep test on a throat culture A Before performing the dipstick test for a routine urinalysis, what 2 pretesting conditions must be met> Specimen must be at room temp, and well mixed For a POCT program to be successful with of the following must be incorporated? A. Adherence to the manufacturers instructions B. Used of quality assurance and quality control procedures C. Proper and adequate Training of all Personnel\ D. All of the above D. All of the above What organization mandates QA programs? JC If there is a question concerning the principle behind a particular specimen collection, consult the: Procedure manual If the phlebotomist wants to know the turnaround time for a specific procedure it can be found in the : D Directory of services Which of the following compares previous patient data with current data? A. Postanalytic Variable B. Delta Check C. Accession Numbers D. Collection Logbook B. Delta Check Fasting Specimens should be collected: 8 to 12 hours after eating The phlebotomist usually does not have complete control over which of the following variables: A. Collection Equipment B. Patient Preperation C. Specimen Collection D. Specimen Labelling B. Patient Preperation No more than __ should elapse between the time a specimen is collected and the time serum or plasma is separated from formed elecments. 2 Hours ______ Refers to a set of policies and procedures designed to endure the delivery of consistent, high quality patient care and specimen analysis.