NHA Phlebotomy Exam/Answered/2023, Exams of Nursing

Download NHA Phlebotomy Exam/Answered/2023 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! NHA Phlebotomy Exam/Answered/2023 What agency regulates workplace safety? OSHA biologic hazard / biohazard any biological risk to organisms Bloodborne Pathogens Standard OSHA-mandated set of requirements concerning pathogenic micro-organisms and their transmission Exposure control plan An OSHA-compliant plan that explains ways to minimize or eliminate exposure of humans to bloodborne pathogens. What type of PPE would be essential for airborne pathogens? N95 or N99 Respirator What agency mandates the use of sharps containers? OSHA What agency requires documenting all accidental exposure to body fluids? OSHA What is the first priority follow exposure to body fluids? Administering first aid What blood tests will be performed after accidental sticks? HIV Hep B (HBV) Hep C (HCV) What information should be included in the accidental needle-stick log? Date and time of incident Type of sharps used Who was involved Where the incident occurred Description of incident What organization accredits and certifies health care organizations? Joint Commision The National Patient Safety Goals (NPSGs) program requires what type of patient identification? - Two-factor method - Match wristband to medical record - Confirm Name, address, DOB, or phone number with patient What organization develops standards and guidelines to help laboratories achieve accreditation? Clinical Laboratory Sandards Institute (CLSI) What organization mandates the level of additives in vacuum tubes? CLSI What organization establishes order of draw? CLSI What organization establishes standards for venipuncture technique? CLSI What organization helps identify and educate the public about infections, illnesses, and disease prevention? CDC What organization provides guidelines for PPE? CDC What organization provides guidelines for sharps handling? CDC What organization provides guidelines for hand hygiene? If accidental splash of body fluid or contaminated materials enters the eyes, nose or mouth, what are the steps to resolution? 1. flush the areas with large amounts of water. An eye wash station is preferred. 2. report the exposure to immediate supervisor along with information on how, where, when, and what occurred 3. seek emergency medical examination If a patient reports acute nausea during blood collection, what are the steps to resolution? 1. stop the procedure 2. apply a cold washcloth or towel on the forehead of the patient 3. if nausea persists, provide emesis basin or trash bin What are the signs and symptoms of shock? cold clammy skin blurry vision rapid but weak pulse How do you respond to a patient going into shock? 1. call for help 2. remain with patient 3. put patient into shock position (lying flat with legs elevated 1ft) 4. keep patient warm 5. loose any tight clothing How do you deal with excessive bleeding? 1. apply pressure 2. call for assistance 3. elevate the extremity above the heart What do you do if petechiae appear during a draw? 1. Do not stop the draw 2. apply adequate pressure after the procedure to prevent excessive bleeding What is the proper order to remove PPE after finishing a blood draw in an isolation room? Gloves Goggle Gown Mask Why should a technicians name not be listed on a sharps injury log? To maintain confidentiality Of the following, which does not contain alcohol? a) chlorhexidine gluconate b) ethanol c) tincture of iodine d) isopropyl alcohol Chlorhexidine gluconate ______ is a physician who has extensive training in pathology? pathologist _______ is the study and diagnosis of diseases through the use of laboratory test results? pathology While quickness, fast decision making, and speed writing are helpful. Phlebotomists need traits such as what to perform duties carefully and thoroughly? take time Telling the truth and doing things right when no one is looking are traits called? Personal integrity and veracity Why are sandals NOT recommended for phlebotomists? safety concerns What are shoe requirements for phlebotomists? comfortable, safe, clean, polished, and not noisy when walked in Tests that are easiest to perform and least risky to patient, no special education or training, have been approved by FDA to use at home. Waived tests what is an example of a waived tests? urinalysis, glucose, pregnancy test Require documentation of training in testing principles, instrument calibration, and QC. Must have at least a high school diploma Moderate complexity tests Examples of moderate complexity tests? hematology and chemistry testing, Gram staining, and microscopic analysis of urine sediment Requires sophisticated instrumentation and a high degree of interpretation by testing personnel. Must have a laboratory science degree High complexity tests Examples of high complexity tests? Pap smear analysis, blood typing and cross-matching, and cytology testing-- microbiology, immunology, immunohematology, and cytology testing When a stranger gets too close causing the patient to feel nervous, fearful, or anxious, the phlebotomist has intruded into the patient's? zone of comfort what should the phlebotomist have done instead to avoid intruding the patient's zone of comfort? slowed down, gently awakened the patient, then calmly explained the purpose for interrupting their sleep what is the function of the hemoglobin molecules present with each mature RBC? carry oxygen to all parts of the body vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart arteries arteries branch into smaller vessels called arterioles and capillaries What makes arteries different from veins? thicker wall and pulse carry blood toward the heart veins due to the blood in veins flowing against gravity, these vessels have one-way valves that? prevent backflow and rely on muscular action to move blood cells through the vessels all veins EXCEPT which one contain deoxygenated blood and have thinner walls than arteries pulmonary veins the forearm vein most commonly used for venipuncture? median cubital vein _____ is a blood clot thrombus gray-top tube contains what that is used in glucose testing? glycolytic inhibitor What is in a lavender top blood collection vacuum tube? anticoagulant EDTA coagulation of blood can be prevented by adding? oxalates, citrates, and/or EDTA how can oxalates, citrates, or EDTA prevent coagulation of blood? ability to remove calcium through the formation of insoluble calcium salts what is in the green-top blood collection tube? sodium heparin The smaller the needle gauge, ___. The larger the diameter of the needle why should the minimal volume of blood be collected from a person? avoid the risk of iatrogenic anemia how can aspirin affect bleeding? cause the patient to bleed excessively and affect coagulation test results means that the patient was lying on their back supine how long should pressure be applied to a venipuncture site until bleeding stops emotional stress like anxiety or fear of blood collection can cause? increase in WBC count inpatient identification armband includes: patients first and last name, identification number, room number, bed assignment, and physician name why might a hospitalized patient that is severely burned not have an armband? irritating to the skin how to identify an unconscious patient without an armband? nurse in charge of the patient is the best source of identifying and should be documented Preferred site for venipuncture median cubital vein when tubes for coagulation are the only ones to be collected by butterfly needles, what should be done first? collect a discard tube prior to the test tube to be used for testing what does a discard tube assure? correct blood-to-additive ratio for the second tube since there is air space in the tubing what does the term STAT refer to? immediately how many attempts do phlebotomist have on each patient? 2 if a phlebotomist doesn't get the first stick they should? locate a different site and try once more why are gentle inversions of the specimen needed? prevent clotting where below the IV site should be used for venipuncture? posterior or dorsal side of hand or wrist Skin puncture techniques are useful in which of the following conditions? small amounts of blood are needed, neonates, or other complications what is capillary blood? combination of blood from arteries, veins, capillaries, and interstitial fluids When should specimens be labeled? Immediately after, never before What does warming the site do? increases blood flow to the area why can the thumb not be used when locating a vein? has a pulse During a skin puncture procedure, how should the cut be oriented on the finger? centrifuged or tested within 2 hours of collection for reliable results why must other liquids be avoided during GTT? interfere with test results homologous transfusion refers to blood that can be transfused from a donor who had therapeutic bleeding Blood cultures are used to diagnose ______________? septicemia What is septicemia? presence of pathogens in the circulating bloodstream, also called blood poisoning postprandial means after eating why is a tourniquet not required for an ABG? artery has its own strong blood pressure When is urine most concentrated? in the morning Why are stool specimens collected? detect parasites such as ova and parasites, enteric disease organisms, and viruses location of peritoneal fluid abdomen used to detect the presence or absence of infecting organisms clean-catch urine specimen clean catch specimen collected to avoid contamination by: bacteria on external genital areas What is ketosis? presence of ketone bodies in urine detected in patients who have diabetes mellitus ketosis Examples of illicit drugs/ illegal marijuana, cocaine, heroin, and hallucinogens the continuing, compulsive use and dependence of a substance despite its negative effects on the use addiction practice whereby whole blood, packed RBCs, blood substitutes, or drugs are injected intravenously in athletes trying to increase their oxygen carrying capacity and endurance blood doping U.S. legal B.A.C. limit 0.08% or 80 mg per 100 mL example of inhalant abuse glue when transporting a sample out of a facility what additional step must be taken? primary container placed in a secondary container