nola theory-hsk-ojns-kjsj, Essays (university) of Nursing

Download nola theory-hsk-ojns-kjsj and more Essays (university) Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Nola J. Pender THE THEORY OF Who is Nola J. Pender: She graduated in 1962 with a diploma in nursing. By 1969, she had earned a PhD in psychology and education. She defined the goal of nursing care as optimal health. The theory notes that each person has unique personal characteristics and experiences that affect subsequent actions. The set of variables for behavior specific knowledge and affect have important motivational significance. The variables can be modified through nursing actions. Health promoting behavior is the desired behavioral outcome, which makes it the end point in the Health Promotion Model. These behaviors should result in: 1_ Improved health 2_ enhanced functional ability and better quality of life at all stages of development individual characteristics and experiences: Each person has unique personal characteristics and experiences that affect actions. Significant to this category are prior related behavior and personal factors. Prior related behavior is important in influencing future behavior. Pender proposes that prior behavior has both direct and indirect. - Personal factors include personal biological factors such as age, body mass index, pubertal status, menopausal status, aerobic capacity, strength, agility, or balance. - -Personal psychological factors include factors such as self- esteem, self-motivation. and perceived health status; - personal Sociocultural factors include factors such as race, ethnicity, acculturation, education, and socioeconomic status. - Some personal factors are amenable to change, whereas others cannot be changed (Pender, Murdaugh, & Parsons, 2006, p. 52). Behavior-specific behavior-specific cognitions and affect:  behavior-specific abilities within the health promotion model. Such variables are considered to have motivational significance. In the health promotion model, these variables are the target of nursing intervention because they are amenable to change. The behavior-specific cognitions and affect identified in the health promotion model include: 1-perceived benefits of action 2-perceived barriers to action 3-perceived self-efficacy 4- activity-related affect The four metaparadigm concepts of nursing in Pender’s model: Person:the individual, who is the primary focus of the model. Environment: the physical, interpersonal, and economic circumstances in which persons live. Health: A positive high level state Nursing : The role of the nurse includes raising consciousness related to health promoting behaviors, promoting self-efficacy, enhancing the benefits of change , controlling the environment to support behavior change , and managing barriers to change. Assumptions of the Health Promotion Model • Persons seek to create conditions of living through which they can express their unique human potential. • Persons have the capacity for reflective self - awareness, including assessment of their own competencies. • Persons value growth in directions viewed as positive and attempt to achieve a personally acceptable balance between change and stability. • Persons seek to actively regulate their own behavior. • Persons, in all their biopsychosocial complexity, interact with the environment progressively, transforming the environment and being transformed themselves over time. • Health professionals constitute a part of the interpersonal environment, which influences persons throughout their life span. • Self - initiated reconfiguration of person - environment interactive patterns is essential for behavior change (Pender, Murdaugh, & Parsons, 2002, p. 63). Propositions of health promotion model The health promotion model is based on the following theoretical propositions: 1- Prior behavior and inherited and acquired characteristics influence beliefs, affect, and enactment of health-promoting behavior. 2- Persons commit to engaging in behaviors from which they anticipate deriving personally valued benefits. 3- Perceived barriers can constrain commitment to action, a mediator of behavior as well as actual behavior. 4- Perceived competence or self-efficacy to execute a given behavior increases the likelihood of commitment to action and actual performance of the behavior. 5- Greater perceived self-efficacy results in fewer perceived barriers to a specific health behaviour 6- Positive affect toward a behavior results in greater perceived self- efficacy, which can in turn, result in increased positive affect. 7- When positive emotions or affect are associated with a behavior, the probability of commitment and action is increased. Pender's health promotion model as a framework of nursing practice: The health promotion model is useful in practice when the focus of nursing care includes promoting behaviors to enhance health. The role of the nurse is revolves around raising consciousness related to health- promoting behaviors, promoting self- efficacy, enhancing the benefites of change, controlling the environment behavior change. Any questions?