Notes on Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols and Ethers | CHEM 1120, Study notes of Chemistry

Download Notes on Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols and Ethers | CHEM 1120 and more Study notes Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity! Chapter 13 Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, and Ethers Learning Objectives: 1. Provide both IUPAC and common names for alcohols, phenols, ethers and thiols. 2. Recognize the physical properties of alcohols, phenols, ethers and thiols. 3. Write the dehydration equations of alcohols and predict the major product when applicable. 4. Recognize the oxidation and reduction of alcohols and predict the products from oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols. 5. Recognize the oxidation and reduction of thiols. Sections: 13.1 Alcohols, Phenols and Thiols 13.2 Ethers 13.3. Physical properties of Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers 13.4 Reactions of Alcohol and Thiols Recommended additional problems 13.39, 13.41, 13.49, 13.53, 13.55, 13.57 13.1 Alcohols, Phenols and Thiols A. Classification Alcohols: molecules with OH group (hydroxyl group) Alkyl alcohol Aryl alcohol For alkyl alcohols (ROB) Primary (1°) alcohol Secondary (2°) alcohol Tertiary (3°) alcohol Example HO OH we" OH Thiols (mercapto-): molecules with SH group (sulfhydryl group) 13.2. Ethers Ethers: molecules contain oxygen atom that is single-bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups. So NUON A. Nomenclature of ether Common name NON, TUPAC name (use of alkoxy as substituent) Alkyl group Alkoxy group OH a a“ = OGHsCHs B. Structural isomers of alcohols and ethers C. Cyclic ethers 13.3. Physical properties of Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers Know the effect of hydrogen bond A. Boiling points B. Solubility in water 13.4 Reactions of Alcohol and Thiols A. Combustion B. Dehydration of alcohols |_| renee —c-c~ 4 L_| ToT —c=Cc— + H20 H OH Examples: OH ut heat ooo OH a heat aS Saytzeff’s rule: