Healthcare Technology and Mobile Applications in Patient Care, Exams of Nursing

Download Healthcare Technology and Mobile Applications in Patient Care and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Smart documentation forms - answers>>forms that are tailored based on patient data to emphasize data elements pertinent to the patient's conditions and healthcare needs. Order sets, care plans and protocols - answers>>Structured approaches to encourage correct and efficient ordering, promote evidence-based best practices, and provide different management recommendations for different patient situations. Parameter guideline - answers>>algorithms to promote correct entry of orders and documentation. Critiques and "immediate warnings" - answers>>Alerts that are presented just after a user has entered an order, a prescription or a documentation item, to show a potential hazard or a recommendation for further information. Relevant data summaries - answers>>A single-patient view that summarizes, organizes and filters a patient's information to highlight important management issues. Multiple monitors - answers>>a display of activity among all patients on a care unit, which helps providers prioritize tasks and ensures that important activities are not omitted while providers are multitasking among patients. Predictive and retrospective analytics: - answers>>Analytic methods that combine multiple factors using statistical and artificial intelligence techniques to provide risk predictions, stratify patients and measure progress on broad initiatives. - it is the process of moving conditions past their current states and into more efficient and effective methods of performing tasks. -it is considered to be the act, process, or methodology of making something (as a design, system or decision) as fully perfect, functional, and effective as possible. Process Analysis - answers>>breaking down the work process into a sequential series of steps that can be examined and assessed to improve effectiveness and efficiency; explains how work takes place, gets done, or how it can be done. Workflow analysis - answers>>observation and documentation of workflow to better understand what is happening in the current environment and how it can be altered is referred to as this process. - it requires careful attention to detail and the ability to moderate group discussions, organize concepts, and generate solutions. - this is part of every functional area the INS engages in. Process Map - answers>>a typical output of workflow analysis is a visual depiction of the process called a ______ ________; this provides an excellent tool to identify specific steps in the workflow analysis process. - it also provides a vehicle for communication and a tool upon which to build educational material, procedures and policies. - an example is the swim-lane technique workflow - answers>>- a term used to describe the action or execution of a series of tasks in a prescribed sequence. - a progression of steps (tasks, events, interactions) that consitute: 1) a work process 2) involves two or more persons 3) creates and adds value to the organizations activities. - also known as a process or process flow particularly in the context of implementation. swim-lane technique - answers>>because workflow crosses many different care providers, it may be useful to construct the process map using this technique, which uses categories such as functional work groups and roles to visually depict groups of work and to indicate who performs the work. Value-added activity - answers>>- is a step that brings the process closer to completion or changes the product or service for the better. - an example is placing a label or name tag on a specimen sample, The name tag is necessary for the laboratory personnel to identify the specimen. Non-Value-Added Activities - answers>>does not alter the outcome of a process or product 2. Participation and Involvement 3. Support and Facilitation 4. Negotiation and Agreement 5. Manipulation and Co-optation 6. Explicit and Implicit Coercion Metrics - answers>>provide an understanding about the performance of a process or function. -within clinical technology projects, we identify and collect ___________ about the performance of the technology or capture the level of participation or adoption. -should focus on the variables of time, quality, and costs. - examples include: turnaround times, cycle times, throughput, change-over time, set-up time, system availability, patient satisfaction, and employee satisfaction The goal of workflow analysis - answers>>is to create a future-state solution that maximizes the use of technology and eliminates non-value added activities. Health Information exchange/Medical Home model - answers>>- requires the NI to visualize how patients move through the entire continuum of care and not just a specific patient care area. - an information technology platform that enables the seamless exchange of important patient information among many providers in a healthcare system. - Typically the pcp (__________ _____________) initiates the collection of patient data, coordinates the care of the patient and helps to maintain the accuracy of such data. - other care providers access the information and add to it as they provide services to patients. Big Data - answers>>many different types - including indexes; images and videos; social networks such as Twitter and Facebook; surveillance data; company records including medical records; and data heavy fields such as astronomy; genetics and economics. - the masses of unstructured textually rich data within the EHR are among the prime examples. 5 Uses of Big data in the healthcare industry - answers>>1.) Big data explorations and mining techniques to improve decision making. 2.) 360-degree view of the customer, extending the ability to view the healthcare consumer by internal and external data sources. 3.) Security and intelligence to lower risk, detect fraud and monitor cybersecurity. 4.) Operational and clinical analysis to improve healthcare outcomes, quality and cost. 5.) Ability to augment data warehouse capabilities to integrate and use big data to increase efficiencies and improve outcomes. - tools allow an end user to drag and drop and quickly identify patterns and trends in the data based on the summarization of tables. mobile health (mHealth) - answers>>- the use of wireless communication to support efficiency in public health and clinical practice. - generation, aggregation, and dissemination of health information via mobile or wireless device. - examples of areas of growth are: 1. prevention medicine and health promotion can be leveraged through education and awareness applications. 2. portable diagnostic devices that allow monitoring of human conditions in clinical settings or offsite locations. 3. applications for data management, training medical personnel and mobile payments. mobile applications - answers>>to facilitate mHealth; -can be executed on either a mobile platform( i.e. a handheld commercial off the shelf computing platform, with or without wireless connection) or on a web-based software application that is tailored to a mobile platform but is executed on a server mobile medical applications - answers>>- incorporates device software functionality that meets the definition of devices intended to be used as an accessory to a regulated medical device or are software that transforms a mobile platform into a regulated medical device. - these mobile devices may include mobile phones, smartphones, tablet computers, smartwatches and point of care testing (POC). Medical Applications - answers>>1. Apps providing access to electronic copies. 2. Apps for general patient education. 3. Generic aids or general purpose apps. 4. Apps as educational tools. 5. Apps automating office operations. medical device - answers>>"an instrument, apparatus, implement, machine, contrivance, implant, in vitro reagent, or other similar or related articles, including any component, part or accessory that is intended for use in performing a function for diagnosis of disease or other conditions or the cure, mitigation, treatment of prevention of disease" FDA regulated devices - answers>>An intended use of a mobile app determines whether it meets the definition of a "device" - "intended" use may be shown by labeling claims, advertising materials, or oral or written statements by manufacturers or their representatives. When the intended use of the mobile app is for the diagnosis of disease or other conditions, or the cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease or is intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of man, the mobile app is a device under section 201h of the FD&C act ; are intended for increased patient awareness, education, and empowerment and ultimately to support patient- centered care. - NOT considered a medical device because they are intended generally for pt education. examples of mobile apps for general patient education - answers>>- provide a portal for healthcare providers to distribute educational information (e.g., interactive diagrams, useful links and resources) to their patients regarding their disease, condition, treatment, or up- coming procedures. -help guide patients to ask appropriate questions to their provider relevant to their particular disease, condition, or concern. - provide information about gluten-free food products or restaurants - help match patients with potentially appropriate clinical trials. - provide tutorials or training videos on how to administer first-aid or CPR. - Allow users to input pill shape, color or imprint and display pictures and names of pills that match this description. - find the closest medical facilities and providers. - provide lists of emergency hotlines and physician/nurse advice lines. - provide and compare costs of drugs and medical products at pharmacies in the user's location. generic aids or general purpose apps examples - answers>>- use a mobile platform as a magnifying glass (but are not specifically intended for medical purposes) - use a mobile platform for recording audio, note-taking, replaying audio with amplifications. - allow patients or healthcare providers to interact through email, web-based platforms, video or other communication mechanisms - provide maps and turn-by-turn directions to medical facilities - allow health care providers to communicate in a secure and protected method (for ex, using a hipaa compliant app to send messages between health care providers in a hospital) - translate unintelligible speech for better clarity. Apps as educational tools - answers>>intended for healthcare providers to use as educational tools for medical training or to reinforce training previously received. - may have more functionality than electronic copy of text (e.g. video, interactive diagram), but are not devices because they are intended generally for user education. examples of apps as educational tools - answers>>- medical flashcards with medical images, pictures, graphs - Question/Answer quiz apps - interactive anatomy diagrams or videos hypertension, diabetes, or obesity, and promote strategies for maintaining a healthy weight, getting optimal nutrition, exercising and staying fit, managing salt intake, or adhering to pre-determined medication dosing schedules by simple prompting. mobile apps that provide patients with simple tools to organize and track their health information - answers>>apps that provide simple tools for patients with specific conditions or chronic diseases (e.g. obesity, anorexia, arthritis, diabetes, heart disease), to log, track, or trend their events or measurements (e.g. blood pressure measurements, drug intake times, diet, daily routines or emotional state) and share this information with their health care provider as part of a disease- management plan. Mobile apps that provide easy access to information related to patients' health conditions or treatments (beyond providing an electronic "copy" of a medical reference) - answers>>- apps that use a patient's diagnosis to provide a clinician with best practice treatment guidelines for common illnesses or conditions such as influenza; - apps that are drug-drug interaction or drug-allergy look- up tools. mobile apps that are specifically marketed to help patients document, show, or communicate to providers, potential medical conditions - answers>>- apps that serve as videoconferencing portals specifically intended for medical use and to enhance communications between patients, healthcare providers, and caregivers. - apps specifically intended for medical uses that utilize the mobile device's built-in camera or a connected camera for purposes of documenting or transmitting pictures (e.g. photos of a patient's skin lesion or wounds) to supplement or augment what would otherwise be a verbal description in a consultation between healthcare providers or between healthcare providers and patients/caregivers. mobile apps that perform simple calculations routinely used in clinical practice - answers>>examples of such general purpose tools include medical calculators for Body Mass Index (BMI), total body water/urea volume of distribution. mobile apps that enable individuals to interact with PHR and EHR systems - answers>>ex include apps that provide patients and providers with mobile access to health records systems or enables them to gain electronic access to health information stored within a PHR or EHR. Mobile apps that meet the definition of Medical Devices Data Systems - answers>>ex include apps that are intended to transfer, store, convert format, and display medical device data, without controlling or altering the functions or parameters of any connected medical device. answers>>1.Telemedicine (stationary scheduled remote diagnostics of health status) 2.Remote management/monitoring/coaching (stationary home or facility based, with scheduled and as-needed remote transmission of health status) 3.Mobile health (mHealth) "community" groups/social media (wearable mobile patient-generated health data with scheduled and as-needed remote transmission of health status) knowledge acquisition - answers>>involves the telenurse receiving the informationi from the telehealth device via a variety of communication modes - for ex, the telenurse receives the patient's vital signs taken in the home and the patient's response to customized questions, which is transmitted to a central server or website. knowledge processing - answers>>- the result of the telenurse's knowledge acquisition - understanding a set of information and the ways it can be applied to a specific task. - the telenurse assess the patient's vital signs along with subjective data received from the patient as a result of of the customized questions that were asked. - the telenurse then combines this info with the overall pt history and diagnosis to get an up-to-date view of the pt's status and considers where this information fits into the clinical picture being presented for the patient. knowledge generation - answers>>- by using skills and clinical knowledge of the disease process, the telenurse considers all of the data as they apply to the pt and decides the best course of action to take and acts on the data. - the telenurse may then ask a variety of questions to ensure that a complete and accurate decision about next steps for the patient is made. questions might include: - Do i need to gather additional data? - do I need to call the patient? - do I need to call the physician and inquire about a change in the current plan of care? knowledge dissemination - answers>>the telenurse determines how the knowledge will be used and distributed. Various question that were posed in the knowledge generation stage are acted on, including the following possibilities: - calling the doctor - obtaining a change in medication orders. -calling the pt and instructing her in a medication change - reviewing activities that could have led to changes (e.g. eating salty foods) - educating the patient on the disease process, symptoms management, and self- management techniques. Foundation of knowledge Model and Telehealth - answers>>the nurse uses various technologies to acquire data; interpret the meaning of the data, thus generating always involve clinical services. ex: videoconferencing, transmission of still images, e-health including patient portals, remote monitoring of vital signs, continuing medical education and nursing call centers. The Health Resources Services Administration description of telehealth - answers>>the use of technology to deliver health care, health information, or health education at a distance. - common applications include: teleradiology in which test results are forwarded to another facility for diagnosis; continuing professional education, including presentations by specialists to general practitioners; and home monitoring, a supplement to home visits from nursing professionals. telehealth - answers>>generally used as an umbrella term to describe all of the possible variations of healthcare services that use telecommunications. Can refer to clinical and nonclinical uses of health-related contacts. ANAs Code of Ethics for Nurses - answers>>1. Respect for human dignity 2. Respect for individual right to self-determinism 3. Primary commitment is to the patient (individual, family, group or community) 4. Advocacy for the patient 5. Participation in the creation, maintenance, and improvement of healthcare environments 6. Advancing the Profession 7. Collaboration with others to meet health needs 8. Shaping social policy. issues having an ethical component includes the following: - answers>>1. Failure to adopt technology or use it adeptly. 2. Lack of regard for data integrity such as discrepancies. in record information that are noted but no corrective action is taken. 3. Failure to address threats to privacy and personal health information. 4. Inappropriate access of PHI without a need to know. 5. Failure to keep informed of emerging developments and issues. 6. Failure to recognize and use technology to advance the profession. 7. Failure to engage in policy discussion that impact healthcare delivery. 8. Failure to recall that the patient is their primary focus. 9. Failure to actively participate in the selection use, and/or evaluation of technology that has the potential to improve healthcare.