NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+., Exams of Health sciences

Download NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. and more Exams Health sciences in PDF only on Docsity! NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. 100 Neuro NCLEX questions 1. An 18-year-old client is admitted with a closed head injury sustained in a MVA. His intracranial pressure (ICP) shows an upward trend. Which intervention should the nurse perform first?  Reposition the client to avoid neck flexion  Administer 1 g Mannitol IV as ordered  Increase the ventilator’s respiratory rate to 20 breaths/minute  Administer 100 mg of pentobarbital IV as ordered. 2. A client with a subarachnoid hemorrhage is prescribed a 1,000-mg loading dose of Dilantin IV. Which consideration is most important when administering this dose? 1. Therapeutic drug levels should be maintained between 20 to 30 mg/ml. 2. Rapid Dilantin administration can cause cardiac arrhythmias.  Dilantin should be mixed in dextrose in water before administration. • Dilantin should be administered through an IV catheter in the client’s hand. 3 NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. While in the ER, a client with C8 tetraplegia develops a blood pressure of 80/40, pulse 48, and RR of 18. The nurse suspects which of the following conditions? 1.Autonomic dysreflexia 2.Hemorrhagic shock 3. Neurogenic shock 4. Pulmonary embolism  When evaluating an ABG from a client with a subdural hematoma, the nurse notes the PaCO2 is 30 mm Hg. Which of the following responses best describes this result?  Appropriate; lowering carbon dioxide (CO2) reduces intracranial pressure (ICP).  Emergent; the client is poorly oxygenated.  Normal  Significant; the client has alveolar hypoventilation.  A client who had a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy should be watched carefully for hemorrhage, which may be shown by which of the following signs?  Bloody drainage from the ears 2. Frequent swallowing  Guaiac-positive stools  Hematuria NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. 12. The nurse is caring for the client with increased intracranial pressure. The nurse would note which of the following trends in vital signs if the ICP is rising?  Increasing temperature, increasing pulse, increasing respirations, decreasing blood pressure.  Increasing temperature, decreasing pulse, decreasing respirations, increasing blood pressure.  Decreasing temperature, decreasing pulse, increasing respirations, decreasing blood pressure.  Decreasing temperature, increasing pulse, decreasing respirations, increasing blood pressure. 13. The nurse is evaluating the status of a client who had a craniotomy 3 days ago. The nurse would suspect the client is developing meningitis as a complication of surgery if the client exhibits:  A positive Brudzinski’s sign  A negative Kernig’s sign  Absence of nuchal rigidity  A Glascow Coma Scale score of 15 14. A client is arousing from a coma and keeps saying, “Just stop the pain.” The nurse responds based on the knowledge that the human body typically and automatically responds to pain first with attempts to: NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+.  Tolerate the pain  Decrease the perception of pain  Escape the source of pain  Divert attention from the source of pain. 15. During the acute stage of meningitis, a 3-year-old child is restless and irritable. Which of the following would be most appropriate to institute?  Limiting conversation with the child  Keeping extraneous noise to a minimum  Allowing the child to play in the bathtub  Performing treatments quickly 16. Which of the following would lead the nurse to suspect that a child with meningitis has developed disseminated intravascular coagulation?  Hemorrhagic skin rash  Edema  Cyanosis  Dyspnea on exertion 17. When interviewing the parents of a 2-year-old child, a history of which of the following illnesses would lead the nurse to suspect pneumococcal meningitis? NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+.  Bladde r infection  Middle ear infection  Fractured clavicle  Septic arthritis NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. initiation of antibiotics 4.Maintain neutropenic precautions 21. During an episode of autonomic dysreflexia in which the client becomes hypertensive, the nurse should perform which of the following interventions?  Elevate the client’s legs  Put the client flat in bed Put the client in the Trendelenburg’s position  Put the client in the high-Fowler’s position 22 A 30-year-old was admitted to the progressive care unit with a C5 fracture from a motorcycle accident. Which of the following assessments would take priority?  Bladder distension  Neurological deficit  Pulse ox readings  The client’s feelings about the injury 23. A client has a cervical spine injury at the level of C5. Which of the NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. following conditions would the nurse anticipate during the acute phase?  Absent corneal reflex  Decerebrate posturing  Movement of only the right or left half of the body  The need for mechanical ventilation 24. A client with C7 quadriplegia is flushed and anxious and complains of a pounding headache. Which of the following symptoms would also be anticipated?  Decreased urine output or oliguria  Hypertension and bradycardia  Respiratory depression  Symptoms of shock 25. A 40-year-old paraplegic must perform intermittent catheterization of the bladder. Which of the following instructions should be given?  “Clean the meatus from back to front.”  “Measure the quantity of urine.”  “Gently rotate the catheter during removal.”  “Clean the meatus with soap and NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. water.” 26. An 18-year-old client was hit in the head with a baseball during practice. When discharging him to the care of his mother, the nurse gives which of the following instructions?  “Watch him for keyhole pupil the next 24 hours.”  “Expect profuse vomiting for 24 hours after the injury.”  “Wake him every hour and assess his orientation to person, time, and place.”  “Notify the physician immediately if he has a headache.” 27. Which neurotransmitter is responsible for may of the functions of the frontal lobe?  Dopamine  GABA  Histamine  Norepinephrine 28. The nurse is discussing the purpose of an electroencephalogram (EEG) with the family of a client with massive cerebral hemorrhage and loss of consciousness. It would be most accurate for the nurse to tell family members that the test measures which of the following conditions?  Extent of intracranial bleeding  Sites of brain NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. previous shift was 3000 ml. The nurse implements a new physician order to administer:  Desmopressin (DDAVP, Stimate)  Dexamethasone (Decadron)  Ethacrynic acid (Edecrin)  Mannitol (Osmitrol) 34. The nurse is caring for the client in the ER following a head injury. The client momentarily lost consciousness at the time of the injury and then regained it. The client now has lost consciousness again. The nurse takes quick action, knowing this is compatible with:  Skull fracture  Concussion  Subdural hematoma  Epidural hematoma 35. The nurse is caring for a client who suffered a spinal cord injury 48 hours ago. The nurse monitors for GI complications by assessing for:  A flattened abdomen  Hematest positive nasogastric tube drainage  Hyperactive bowel sounds  A history of diarrhea 36. A client with a spinal cord injury is prone to experiencing NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. autonomic dysreflexia. The nurse would avoid which of the following measures to minimize the risk of recurrence?  Strict adherence to a bowel retraining program  Limiting bladder catheterization to once every 12 hours  Keeping the linen wrinkle-free under the client  Preventing unnecessary pressure on the lower limbs 37. The nurse is planning care for the client in spinal shock. Which of the following actions would be least helpful in minimizing the effects of vasodilation below the level of the injury?  Monitoring vital signs before and during position changes  Using vasopressor medications as prescribed  Moving the client quickly as one unit  Applying Teds or compression stockings. 38. The nurse is caring for a client admitted with spinal cord injury. The nurse minimizes the risk of compounding the injury most effectively by:  Keeping the client on a stretcher  Logrolling the client on a firm mattress  Logrolling the client on a soft mattress  Placing the client on a Stryker frame NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. 39. The nurse is evaluating neurological signs of the male client in spinal shock following spinal cord injury. Which of the following observations by the nurse indicates that spinal shock persists?  Positive reflexes  Hyperreflexia  Inability to elicit a Babinski’s reflex  Reflex emptying of the bladder 40. A client with a spinal cord injury suddenly experiences an episode of autonomic dysreflexia. After checking the client’s vital signs, list in order of priority, the nurse’s actions (Number 1 being the first priority and number 5 being the last priority).  Check for bladder distention  Raise the head of the bed  Contact the physician  Loosen tight clothing on the client  Administer an antihypertensive medication 2,4,1,3,5 41. A client is at risk for increased ICP. Which of the following would be a priority for the nurse to monitor?  Unequal pupil size  Decreasing systolic blood pressure  Tachycardia NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. 48. In planning the care for a client who has had a posterior fossa (infratentorial) craniotomy, which of the following is contraindicated when positioning the client?  Keeping the client flat on one side or the other  Elevating the head of the bed to 30 degrees  Log rolling or turning as a unit when turning  Keeping the head in neutral position 49. A client has been pronounced brain dead. Which findings would the nurse assess? Check all that apply.  Decerebrate posturing  Dilated nonreactive pupils  Deep tendon reflexes  Absent corneal reflex 2,3,4 50. A 23-year-old patient with a recent history of encephalitis is admitted to the medical unit with new onset generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Which nursing activities included in the patient’s care will be best to delegate to an LPN/LVN whom you are supervising?  Document the onset time, nature of seizure activity, and NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. postictal behaviors for all seizures.  Administer phenytoin (Dilantin) 200 mg PO daily.  Teach patient about the need for good oral hygiene.  Develop a discharge plan, including physician visits and referral to the Epilepsy Foundation. 51. If a male client experienced a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) that damaged the hypothalamus, the nurse would anticipate that the client has problems with: A. Body temperature control. B. Balance and equilibrium. C.Visual acuity. D. Thinking and reasoning. 52. A female client admitted to an acute care facility after a car accident develops signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). The client is intubated and placed on mechanical ventilation to help reduce ICP. To prevent a further rise in ICP caused by suctioning, the nurse anticipates administering which drug endotracheally before suctioning? A. Phenytoin (Dilantin) B. Mannitol (Osmitrol) C. Lidocain e (Xylocaine) D. Furosemide (Lasix) NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. 53. After striking his head on a tree while falling from a ladder, a young man age 18 is admitted to the emergency department. He’s unconscious and his pupils are nonreactive. Which intervention would be the most dangerous for the client? A. Give him a barbiturate. B. Place him on mechanical ventilation. C.Perform a lumbar puncture . D. Elevate the head of his bed. 54. When obtaining the health history from a male client with retinal detachment, the nurse expects the client to report: A. Light flashes and floaters in front of the eye. B. A recent driving accident while changing lanes. C.Headaches, nausea, and redness of the eyes. D. Frequent episodes of double vision. 55. Which nursing diagnosis takes highest priority for a client with Parkinson’s crisis? A. Imbalanced nutrition : Less than body requirements B. Ineffective airway clearance C. Impaired urinary elimination D. Risk for injury 56. To encourage adequate nutritional intake for a female client with Alzheimer’s disease, the nurse should: NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. then take him to the emergency department of a nearby hospital, where he receives emergency care for the corneal injury. The physician prescribes dexamethasone (Maxidex Ophthalmic Suspension), two drops of 0.1% solution to be instilled initially into the conjunctival sacs of both eyes every hour; and polymyxin B sulfate (Neosporin Ophthalmic), 0.5% ointment to be placed in the conjunctival sacs of both eyes every 3 hours. Dexamethasone exerts its therapeutic effect by: A. Increasing the exudative reaction of ocular tissue. B. Decreasing leukocyte infiltration at the site of ocular inflammation. C. Inhibiting the action of carbonic anhydrase. D. Producing a miotic reaction by stimulating and contracting the sphincter muscles of the iris. 62. Nurse Amber is caring for a client who underwent a lumbar laminectomy two (2) days ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse consider abnormal? A. More back pain than the first postoperative day B. Paresthesia in the dermatomes near the wounds C. Urin e retention or incontinence D. Temperature of 99.2° F (37.3° C) 63. After an eye examination, a male client is diagnosed with open- angle glaucoma. The physician prescribes Pilocarpine ophthalmic solution (Pilocar), 0.25% gtt i, OU q.i.D. Based on this prescription, the nurse should teach the client or a family member to administer NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. the drug by: A. Instilling one drop of pilocarpine 0.25% into both eyes daily. B. Instilling one drop of pilocarpine 0.25% into both eyes four times daily. C. Instilling one drop of pilocarpine 0.25% into the right eye daily. D. Instilling one drop of pilocarpine 0.25% into the left eye four times daily. 64. A female client who’s paralyzed on the left side has been receiving physical therapy and attending teaching sessions about safety. Which behavior indicates that the client accurately understands safety measures related to paralysis? A. The client leaves the side rails down. B. The client uses a mirror to inspect the skin. C.The client repositions only after being reminded to do so. D. The client hangs the left arm over the side of the wheelchair. 65. A male client in the emergency department has a suspected neurologic disorder. To assess gait, the nurse asks the client to take a few steps; with each step, the client’s feet make a half circle. To document the client’s gait, the nurse should use which term? A. Ataxic B. Dystroph ic C. Helicopod D. Steppage NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. 66. A client, age 22, is admitted with bacterial meningitis. Which hospital room would be the best choice for this client? A. A private room down the hall from the nurses’ station B. An isolation room three doors from the nurses’ station C. A semi private room with a 32-year-old client who has viral meningitis D. A two-bed room with a client who previously had bacterial meningitis 67. A physician diagnoses a client with myasthenia gravis, prescribing pyridostigmine (Mestinon), 60 mg P.O. every 3 hours. Before administering this anticholinesterase agent, the nurse reviews the client’s history. Which preexisting condition would contraindicate the use of pyridostigmine? A. Ulcerative colitis B. Blood dyscrasia C. Intestinal obstruction D. Spinal cord injury 68. A female client is admitted to the facility for investigation of balance and coordination problems, including possible Ménière’s disease. When assessing this client, the nurse expects to note: A. Vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss. B. Vertigo, vomiting, and nystagmus NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. D. treatment of spasticity associated with spinal cord lesions. 74. A female client who was found unconscious at home is brought to the hospital by a rescue squaD. In the intensive care unit, the nurse checks the client’s oculocephalic (doll’s eye) response by: A. Introducing ice water into the external auditory canal. B. Touching the cornea with a wisp of cotton. C.Turning the client’s head suddenly while holding the eyelids open. D. Shining a bright light into the pupil. 75. While reviewing a client’s chart, the nurse notices that the female client has myasthenia gravis. Which of the following statements about neuromuscular blocking agents is true for a client with this condition? A. The client may be less sensitive to the effects of a neuromuscular blocking agent. B. Succinylcholine shouldn’t be used; pancuronium may be used in a lower dosage. C.Pancuronium shouldn’t be used; succinylcholine may be used in a lower dosage. D. Pancuronium and succinylcholine both require cautious administration. 76. A male client is color blind. The nurse understands that this client has a problem with: A. Rods. B. Cones . NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. C.Lens. D. Aqueous humor. 77. A female client who was trapped inside a car for hours after a head- on collision is rushed to the emergency department with multiple injuries. During the neurologic examination, the client responds to painful stimuli with decerebrate posturing. This finding indicates damage to which part of the brain? A. Diencephalon B. Medulla C. Midbrain D. Cortex 78. The nurse is assessing a 37-year-old client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Which of the following symptoms would the nurse expect to find? A. Vision changes B. Absent deep tendon reflexes C.Tremors at rest D. Flaccid muscles 79. The nurse is caring for a male client diagnosed with a cerebral aneurysm who reports a severe headache. Which action should the nurse perform? A. Sit with the client for a few minutes. NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. B. Administer an analgesic. C. Inform the nurse manager . D. Call the physician immediately. 80. During recovery from a cerebrovascular accident (CVA), a female client is given nothing by mouth, to help prevent aspiration. To determine when the client is ready for a liquid diet, the nurse assesses the client’s swallowing ability once each shift. This assessment evaluates: A. Cranial nerves I and II. B. Cranial nerves III and V. C.Cranial nerves VI and VIII. D. Cranial nerves IX and X. 81. A client admitted to the hospital with a subarachnoid hemorrhage has complaints of severe headache, nuchal rigidity, and projectile vomiting. The nurse knows lumbar puncture (LP) would be contraindicated in this client in which of the following circumstances? 1.Vomiting continues 2. Intracranial pressure (ICP) is increased 3.The client needs mechanical ventilation 4.Blood is anticipated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 82. A client with a subdural hematoma becomes restless and confused, with dilation of the ipsilateral pupil. The physician orders NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. 4. Temporal 89. The nurse is assessing the motor function of an unconscious client. The nurse would plan to use which of the following to test the client’s peripheral response to pain?  Sternal rub  Pressure on the orbital rim  Squeezing the sternocleidomastoid muscle  Nai l bed pressure 90. . A client with head trauma develops a urine output of 300 ml/hr, dry skin, and dry mucous membranes. Which of the following nursing interventions is the most appropriate to perform initially?  Evaluate urine specific gravity  Anticipate treatment for renal failure  Provide emollients to the skin to prevent breakdown  Slow down the IV fluids and notify the physician 91. A client is admitted with a spinal cord injury at the level of T12. He has limited movement of his upper extremities. Which of the following medications would be used to control edema of the spinal cord?  Acetazolamide (Diamox)  Furosemide (Lasix)  Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol)  Sodium bicarbonate NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. 92. A 22-year-old client with quadriplegia is apprehensive and flushed, with a blood pressure of 210/100 and a heart rate of 50 bpm. Which of the following nursing interventions should be done first?  Place the client flat in bed  Assess patency of the indwelling urinary catheter  Give one SL nitroglycerin tablet  Raise the head of the bed immediately to 90 degrees 93. A client with a cervical spine injury has Gardner-Wells tongs inserted for which of the following reasons?  To hasten wound healing  To immobilize the cervical spine  To prevent autonomic dysreflexia  To hold bony fragments of the skull together 94. Which of the following interventions describes an appropriate bladder program for a client in rehabilitation for spinal cord injury? 1. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter to straight drainage 2. Schedule intermittent catheterization every 2 to 4 hours  Perform a straight catheterization every 8 hours while awake  Perform Crede’s maneuver to the lower abdomen before the client voids. 95. A client is admitted to the ER for head trauma is diagnosed with an NSG403 100 NEURO NCLEX LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS BEST GUARANTEED RATED A+. epidural hematoma. The underlying cause of epidural hematoma is usually related to which of the following conditions?  Laceration of the middle meningeal artery  Rupture of the carotid artery  Thromboembolism from a carotid artery  Venous bleeding from the arachnoid space 96. A 23-year-old client has been hit on the head with a baseball bat. The nurse notes clear fluid draining from his ears and nose. Which of the following nursing interventions should be done first?  Position the client flat in bed  Check the fluid for dextrose with a dipstick  Suction the nose to maintain airway patency  Insert nasal and ear packing with sterile gauze 97 . When discharging a client from the ER after a head trauma, the nurse teaches the guardian to observe for a lucid interval. Which of the following statements best described a lucid interval?  An interval when the client’s speech is garbled  An interval when the client is alert but can’t recall recent events  An interval when the client is oriented but then becomes somnolent  An interval when the client has a “warning” symptom, such as an odor or visual disturbance.