Nuclear Chemistry Notes Name Review: Isotope notation, Summaries of Nuclear Physics

Download Nuclear Chemistry Notes Name Review: Isotope notation and more Summaries Nuclear Physics in PDF only on Docsity! Unit 13: Nuclear Chemistry Notes Name Review: Isotope notation An isotope notation is written as___________, where X is the ________________, A is the ________________ ______________ (sum of protons and neutrons), and Z is the __________________________________. For example… U92 238 U is for _________________, mass number is _______, and atomic number is __________ The isotope can also be written as _____________________________ for short since uranium will always have the atomic number of 92. What is nuclear chemistry? Nuclear chemistry is the study of processes in which the ________________________________ ______________________________________ in some way. Three different types of changes:  _____________________________________  _____________________________________  _____________________________________ Radioactive Decay Radioactive decay is when an ____________________________________________________________ into smaller nuclei, or changes in some other way to make it more stable. All elements have radioactive isotopes in which the ________________________________________________ makes the nuclei unstable.  All elements past uranium have NO stable isotopes. As a result, all of these elements undergo radioactive decay of some sort. Nuclear radiation When radioactive decay occurs, the nuclei of an element either ______________________________________ in order to gain a more stable ratio of protons to neutrons. Here are the following types of nuclear decay you need to know:  _________________ radiation (_________)  _________________ radiation (_________)  _________________ radiation (_________) Alpha radiation  Alpha particle is a _________________________ with ___________________ and ___________________. It has a _____________ charge.  Alpha particle can be written as _______________ or ________________  Alpha particles are the ___________________ type of radiation particle and most ___________________ _____________________.  Alpha particles can be blocked by your _______________________________________________________. Alpha decay  This is when a nucleus loses an alpha particle (a helium nucleus) to become more stable.  One example of this reaction is the alpha decay of U-238 ________________________________________________________________ Example: polonium-210 thorium-230 Beta radiation  Beta particle is an _______________________. It has a __________ charge.  Beta particle can be written as ________________ or _________________.  Beta particles are _________________________ and can have ________________________________.  Alpha particles can be blocked by ______________________________. Beta decay  This is when there is an uneven ratio of neutrons to protons in the nucleus (_____________ ___________________ neutrons), an excess neutron will split.  One example of this reaction is the beta decay of Lead-210 _______________________________________________________________ Example: carbon-14