Mental Health Worksheet: Defining Terms and Disorders, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Nursing

Download Mental Health Worksheet: Defining Terms and Disorders and more Study Guides, Projects, Research Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! NUR 256/253 Mental Health worksheet: Exam 3 (All Parts) This worksheet is not intended to be all inclusive of content taught in theory, but a supplemental worksheet/guide Define the following terms: Hallucinations 1. Visual: Seeing things that are not there, can be animals, people, objects. 2. Auditory: Hearing things that are not there, can be voices or noises. Abuse : 3. Physical: Hitting, beating with hand, using an object to hurt someone. Doing something that is physically impeding them- locking them in a closet, tying them up, gaging them. 4. Emotional: Behaviors that will hurt or harm someone. Words or destroying their possessions, shame, humiliate them. Can involve physical but not always. 5. Sexual: Inappropriate sexual contact where one person has control over someone else, doesn't have to involve literal sex. Includes fondling, kissing. Abuser may not be aware they are abusing. Other : 6. Delusions: Where they believe something is real despite being shown reality. They can be reinforced by something that happens that they misinterpret. Ex: Aliens implanted tracking device in them because they have a scar on forehead. 7. Illusion: A wrongly perceived event based on the census, a deceptive appearance. Ex: Family life at home is bad but in public, family seems loving and cohesive (wonderful family unit). 8. Splitting: When someone can’t see an opposing view, no in-between, all or nothing thinking. Related to trauma, bipolar patients. Unable to see other perspectives. 9. Projection: When someone places their feelings on another person. Displacement of feelings/behaviors onto someone else. Based on predetermined notion. Ex: Thinking someone talks about them, so they try to get people on their side/defense. They are having thoughts of affair, so they accuse significant other of affair. 10. Dyslexia: Disability related to processing words and sounds. Rhyming pattern when they speak, writes letters out of order. 11. Dyscalculia: Problems with counting, number patterns, algorithm. Copies numbers out of order, may put numbers in wrong place on clock. 12. Dysgraphia: Disability related to writing. Can’t write a straight line, can’t hold pen right, have issues with upper- and lower-case letters. 13. Dissociative Amnesia (not remembering): Related to how someone has an inability to recall personal information, related to trauma or stressor that occurs. Don’t know who they are, don’t know where they live. 14. Dissociative Fugue (unexpected location): Amnesia and ends up somewhere unexpected. When they are found, they don’t know any personal information. Depression:  Symptoms last at least 2 weeks, sad, anxious, empty mood, hopelessness, pessimists, guilt, feeling worthless/helpless.  Lose interest in hobbies, activities, no joy. Difficulty concentrating, making decisions, sleeping all the time/not enough/insomnia, weight changes. Aches and pain, GI issues, cramps, fatigue, liable affect.  Suicidal Ideation most important. Evaluate them to see if they are suicidal or homicidal.  Cultural Considerations- culturally sensitive with treatment.  Meds- main treatment with therapy. SSRI, SRNI, TCA, MAOI- how long do they take, side effects, when to take. Med to med interactions. Suicide: Review Exam 2 worksheet (also) o Tx Plan: children/adults/elderly o Lethality of a suicide plan: They want to, they have a plan, and they have the means. Safety on MH Unit: See Exam 1 Worksheet Pharmacology: Clinical indication, SE/AE, patient teaching 1. Donepezil (Mental Cognition): Dementia & Alzheimer’s. N/V, headache. Taken at bedtime, do not crush, can be taken with or without food. Won’t correct mental capabilities, will improve ability to think through things and be engaged in everyday activities. 2. Lithium (mood Stabilizer): Bipolar disorder but can be used as a mood stabilizer for any mental health conditions. Range 0.5-1.5. Low level= mania. High level=toxicity. Signs of toxicity- 3. Methylphenidate/ Ritalin (Stimulant): ADD (adults) & ADHD. Weight loss, loss of appetite- parents get concerned and take kids off, teach normal side effect. Short half-life and doesn’t build up. Minimal side effects if stopped, drug free holidays. Kids may go off during weekend or breaks. Do not crush, should be taken 30-45 mins before eating. 4. Cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor – (AE: SLUDGE): Dementia & Alzheimer’s. Risk of cholinergic crisis S-Salivation, L- Lacrimation, D-Diaphoresis, G-GI Upset, E-Emesis. Taken with full meal, avoid if have peptic ulcers, liver disease, asthma, or COPD. Side effects- incontinence and insomnia, may cause them to not take med. Do not give to 85-year-old and above. Alzheimer’s Genetic disorder related to deficiency in Acetylcholine. Early- recent memory loss, don’t remember what they had for breakfast but can recall long term memories. Apathy and depression. Middle- More moderate symptoms- language deficits, more agitated with forgetfulness, may wander (safety issue). Late- Develop gait disturbance, associated incontinence, progressive confusion, issues with speaking and swallowing. Mental status questionnaire. Family accounts of worsening symptoms- CT scan. Treatment- think about safety. How will they manage ADLs or life skills? Driving = safety issue. Alert bracelets, life alert necklace, bracelet to identify them and emergency contacts. Meds- donepezil- slows progression. Mild improvement when placed on med. Side effects- incontinence and insomnia, may cause them to not take med. Do not give to 85-year-old and above- increased side effects. Namenda- mild to moderate Alzheimer’s- watch for dizziness (safety issue), may cause more agitation, constipation, and headache. Delirium Will be a cause. Associated with dem or Alzheimer’s. Environmental or episodic. Isolated, lives alone, no visitors- can lose track of time and space- can become confused. Hallucinations, confused about day and time. Illusions. They may think they hear or seeing someone that’s not really there. The don’t have point of reference. Hospitalized- dark ICU room- been on a vent, come off and start having delirium from being in environment unknown to them. Think monitors are something else, nurses are family. Alcohol and withdrawal- treated differently. If they are unable to focus and delirium is acute- medical emergency, will need to be hospitalized. Isolated- are they getting the nutrition they need? What is causing it to worsen? Decrease stimuli. Quiet room. Make sure they have well lit room. Glasses or hearing aids- make sure they have them on. Reorientate them. Oppositional Defiant Aggressive behaviors, uncooperative, hostile, vindictive behaviors, do not like authority, argue their point. They don’t see they have issues. Their behaviors troubles others more than themselves. Conflict disorder- more severe than oppositional defiant disorder. May progress to antisocial personality. Screen them for level of management and conflict resolution. Do they have depression? Suicide? Therapy- classes that parents can go to, to help manage how child interacts with others. Group therapy. Tend to get involved in things they shouldn’t- legal issues and/or jail. Expelled from school. Fictitious Lies to appear sick, self-harm to get attention from others/ gain something from others. Munchausen by proxy (making child sick to get attention). Psychotherapy- CBT, individual therapy. Meds for underlying issues. Somatic Physical symptoms that do not have medical cause that interfere with daily life. They feel like anything could be something. Chest pain, shortness of breath. CBT, keeping them in the moment, grounding them back to reality. Meds- SSRI, TCA’s. OTC (St. Johns Wart) may be effective, placebo effect. Illness-Anxiety Full blown hypochondriac, present to doctor because they feel like they have illnesses that others have. CBT, SSRI. Conversion Believe their illness is real, but they are not gaining anything from it. Psychotherapy and behavioral therapy. Hypnosis, relaxation. Bring them back to reality. Dissociative Identify Multiple personality disorder, severe trauma. 2 or more distinct personalities. Different names, personal history, characteristics. Defense mechanism. Will exhibit the history of front facing personality. Psychotherapy- confronting trauma that occurred, how to cope. Stress management techniques.