Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory and Cardiovascular Conditions in Medical Case Study, Exams of Nursing

Download Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory and Cardiovascular Conditions in Medical Case Study and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! NURS 620 Adult 1 Exam 2 Latest 2024 100% Verified -Maryville University 1. Claudication is the classic presenting symptom associated with which of the following? - Correct answer arterial insufficiency 2. Risk factors for chronic arterial insufficiency?- - Correct answer tobacco use 3. You are using the CURB 65 clinical tool, for determining which patient dx with CAP should be hospitalized or treated at home. Mabel's score is 2- what should we do? - Correct answer Short inpatient stay; if she is relatively healthy, she could be closely supervised outpatient 4. S/S of COPD correlate with which of the following?- - Correct answer Chronic bronchitis with airway obstruction 5. Presents with history of asthma without treatment for a while. She reports daily but not continual symptoms that last longer than 1 week and present at night. She has been using her rescue inhaler. Her FEV1 is 60-80% predicted- how would you classify her asthma? - Correct answer moderate persistent 6. What is the most common bacterial pathogen in CAP? - Correct answer Streptococcus PNA 7. Which obstructive lung disease is reversible - Correct answer asthma 8. George has COPD and a 40% FEV1. How would you classify the severity of his COPD - Correct answer Stage 3 9. Jason age 62 has Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). Which of these is a contributing factor? - Correct answer his collar size is 17 inches 10. A patient with CAD should be placed on which of the following as antiplatelet tx (first line) - Correct answer Aspirin 11. What is the desired therapeutic action of inhaled corticosteroids? - Correct answer reduction in airway inflammation 12. What is the appropriate tx for a pt. dx with chronic venous insufficiency - Correct answer use of elastic stockings 13. What is the most important measurement in a pulmonary function in a patient with asthma? - Correct answer FEV forced expiratory volume 14. Healthy 27 you man, dx with CAP, which one of these is the best choice of TX? - Correct answer azithromycin- macrolide 15. Salmeterol (Serevent) is an example of which of the following? - Correct answer long acting beta agonist(LABA) 16. fluticasone & budesonide (pulmocort) are examples of what? - Correct answer ICS Inhaled Corticosteroid 17. Ipratropium (Atrovent) is an example of what? - Correct answer Short-acting muscarinic-antagonist (SAMA) 18. montelukast (Singulair) is an example of what? - Correct answer NON STEROIDAL PREVENTERS 19. Salbutamol (Ventolin) and Albuterol is an example of what? - Correct answer Short acting beta-2 adrenergic (SABA) 20. tiotropium (Spiriva) is an example of what? - Correct answer (LAMA) Long-acting muscarinic-antagonist 43. At what LDL level would you start a person on a statin with no risk factors regardless of comorbidities? - Correct answer >190 44. What does this CXR Show? - Correct answer infiltrates; pneumonia 45. Heart Failure Classification System - Correct answer I - Asymptomatic; II - Symptoms only with marked exertion; III - Symptoms with moderate exertion; IV - Symptoms at rest 46. What would a diagnosis of HTN w/o further confirmation be based on? - Correct answer Initial screening BP of ≥180/110 mmHg or who presents with hypertensive emergency 47. What is the first lifestyle modification to address for someone diagnosed with HTN - Correct answer Weight reduction 48. African Americans dx with HTN without chronic kidney disease should use - Correct answer CCBs and thiazides 49. what 2 classes of HTN medication should not be used together? - Correct answer ACEIs and ARBs 50. What should be used instead of ACEIs and ARBs in patients over age 75 with impaired kidney function - Correct answer CCBs and thiazides 51. If goal not reached within a month of treatment for HTN what is the next step? - Correct answer increase the initial dose of drug or add a 2nd agent & reinforce lifestyle changes 52. What level of BUN will increase the CURB 65 score by 1? - Correct answer greater than 19 53. What factors are considered to calculate CURB 65 score? - Correct answer age ≥65, BUN >19, Systolic <90/Diastolic ≤ 60, RR >30, confusion 54. sleep apnea education - Correct answer weight loss and exercise; elevate head of bed; avoid alcohol 55. What is the cause of CAD and PAD/PVD? - Correct answer atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) 56. Contributing factors of CAD - Correct answer DM, Obesity, Stress 57. What medication are used to manage CAD? - Correct answer Beta blocker, aspirin, statin, nitrates 58. Risk factors for CAD - Correct answer Age, male, AA, FH, HTN, Hyperlipids, smoking, sedentary, Women: menopause uses estrogen/Bcp & smoking 59. When should cholesterol screening begin for high risk? - Correct answer 25 for women, 35 for men, every 3 yrs. 60. Risk factors for hyper lipids? - Correct answer diabetic, HTN, smoking, FH 61. When should cholesterol screening begin for low risk? - Correct answer males 35, females 45, and every 5 yrs. 62. Desirable lipid levels? - Correct answer Total <200; Trigly <150; LDL <100; HDL F >45 M >40 cardioprotective >60 63. What tests and labs are used to dx PVD? - Correct answer Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) & lipid panel 64. Treatment of PVD/PAD consists of what? - Correct answer drugs to lower lipids, control HTN, antiplatelet agent 65. Risk factors for DVT - Correct answer genetic clotting issues, immobility, smoking, obesity, age, FH, hormone/BCPs 66. Symptoms of DVT - Correct answer unilateral LE swelling, pain in calf, leg cramps, erythema, pallor 67. What is a common technique to elicit pain associated with DVT - Correct answer Homan's sign (dorsiflexion of foot) 68. Common treatment for DVT - Correct answer anticoagulants, compression stockings, "clot busters"-tPA 69. Treatment goals for DVT - Correct answer Resolve clot, prevent PE, prevent post phlebitis syndrome or reoccurrence 70. Cardinal Symptoms of asthma? - Correct answer Cough, wheeze, SOB 71. Differential dx for asthma - Correct answer COPD, GERD, Eosinophilia bronchitis 72. What is the main trigger to asthma? - Correct answer exposure to agent pt is sensitized to. 73. What is Baylor's Rules of Two with asthma? - Correct answer More than 2 uses of rescue inhaler/wk., more than 2 night awakenings/month, more than 2 rescue canisters/ year 74. most common finding with mild to moderate persistent asthma? - Correct answer expiratory wheezing 75. what physical finding may be seen with severe-persistent asthma? - Correct answer hyperinflation of the chest with an increase in the AP diameter 76. What would be considered Intermittent asthma - Correct answer symptoms <2 D/WK, Awakening <2x/MTH, no interference with daily life, NM FEV1 between episodes, predicted FEV >80% 107. •Dyspnea management 108. •Importance of regular exercise 109. •Adequate diet and fluid intake 110. •Infection prevention 111. When is a cough considered chronic? - Correct answer last longer than 8 weeks 112. Differential dx of cough - Correct answer post-nasal drainage 113. acute bronchitis 114. GERD 115. over 90% of acute bronchitis cases are caused by what? - Correct answer viruses such as flu or RSV 116. Differential Diagnosis of Acute Bronchitis - Correct answer •Common cold/viral URI 117. •Asthma exacerbation 118. •pneumonia 119. Differential Diagnosis of CAP - Correct answer •Acute bronchitis 120. •Acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis 121. •Pulmonary edema 122. What is represented on the ECG strip? - Correct answer AFIB 123. What is represented on the ECG strip? - Correct answer Atrial Flutter 124. What is represented on the ECG strip? - Correct answer V Tach 125. What is represented on the ECG strip? - Correct answer ST elevation (Acute MI) 126. What is represented on the ECG strip? - Correct answer 3rd degree AV block (complete heart block) 127. 5 P signs of PVD/DVT? - Correct answer pain 128. pallor 129. pulselessness 130. paralysis 131. paresthesia 132. The nurse practitioner is assessing a patient with increased tactile fremitus, the nurse practitioner suspects? - Correct answer advanced case of Pneumonia 133. The nurse practitioner is providing lifestyle modifications for a newly diagnosed hypertensive pt. The nurse practitioner knows this modification has been shown to have the greatest effect on blood pressure control? - Correct answer weight reduction 134. A patient presents with cough for 1 weeks and chills/fever of 102.6 today. On exam the provider notes a productive cough, rhonchi in lower lobes bilateral and dullness on percussion. What is the most likely diagnosis? - Correct answer Bacterial pneumonia 135. characteristics of an acute asthma exacerbation - Correct answer •Peak flow less than 50% predicted normal 136. •Failure to respond to a beta2-agonist 137. •Severe coughing or wheezing 138. •rapid and gasping breathing 139. Goals of Asthma Therapy - Correct answer •Control symptoms 140. •Prevent exacerbations 141. •Maintain normal activity levels 142. Examples of CCBs calcium channel blockers - Correct answer Amlodipine (Norvasc) 143. Diltiazem (Cardizem, Tiazac, others) 144. Nifedipine (Adalat CC, Procardia) 145.Verapamil